Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Anne Parker ◽  
Anne van Leeuwen
Keyword(s):  
Critical Dialogue ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Second Wave

This volume returns to Beauvoir, to Irigaray, and to a critical dialogue between their projects. The motivation is not to produce dutiful interpretations that ignore their limits; rather the task here is to identify the most incisive moments of these bodies of work to articulate the trajectories that we find in these projects, ones that they set up as well as ones that they did not and could not have anticipated. We return to Beauvoir and Irigaray because the richness of their thought far exceeds the reductive parameters of a largely white, Eurocentric, bourgeois second-wave debate and because the fecundity these projects as well as an adequate critique of their work remains largely still to be elaborated. We hope that positioning them in critical dialogue will open up one possible richly complex and contested space for multiplicitous contemporary feminist theories.

scholarly journals Cytokine signature and COVID-19 prediction models in the two waves of pandemics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Cabaro ◽  
Vittoria D’Esposito ◽  
Tiziana Di Matola ◽  
Silvia Sale ◽  
Michele Cennamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Regression Tree ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractIn Europe, multiple waves of infections with SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) have been observed. Here, we have investigated whether common patterns of cytokines could be detected in individuals with mild and severe forms of COVID-19 in two pandemic waves, and whether machine learning approach could be useful to identify the best predictors. An increasing trend of multiple cytokines was observed in patients with mild or severe/critical symptoms of COVID-19, compared with healthy volunteers. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) clearly recognized the three groups based on cytokine patterns. Classification and Regression Tree (CART) further indicated that IL-6 discriminated controls and COVID-19 patients, whilst IL-8 defined disease severity. During the second wave of pandemics, a less intense cytokine storm was observed, as compared with the first. IL-6 was the most robust predictor of infection and discriminated moderate COVID-19 patients from healthy controls, regardless of epidemic peak curve. Thus, serum cytokine patterns provide biomarkers useful for COVID-19 diagnosis and prognosis. Further definition of individual cytokines may allow to envision novel therapeutic options and pave the way to set up innovative diagnostic tools.

scholarly journals Digital Transformation vs COVID-19: the Case of Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junzo Iida
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Society ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Electronic Contracts ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Business Sectors

Whilst the DX policy of the Japanese government started in 2001, then called the E-Japan Strategy and being replaced a few years later by the i-Japan Strategy, in the 20 years since then IT has not been a success in Japan’s administrative system. On the other hand, the private sector, concerned about Japan’s lagging in its adoption of information technology, has been gradually moving forward to DX measures, such as electronic contracts. Then, this year, the COVID-19 pandemic broke out. Japan is (as of July 2020) about to experience a second wave of this disease. The need for DX has become imperative in all aspects of Japanese society, especially the government and business sectors. In the first half of 2020, the government set up DX policy rapidly; for example, civil court proceedings, the traditional carve seals custom, and the submission of administrative documents to government agencies have also been forced to move forward to DX due to COVID-19. It might be said that the crisis has been the catalyst for Japan’s shift to DX. However, it will be at least a few years before it can be known whether Japan’s DX will succeed, looking at the past examples within the Japanese bureaucratic system and politicians’ attitudes towards DX.

Private Provision of ‘outreach’ Clinics to Fundholding General Practices in England

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Kerrison ◽  
Roslyn Corney
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Medical Specialist ◽  
Private Provision ◽  
Private Practitioners ◽  
General Practices ◽  
Outreach Clinic ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Relative Quality

Objectives: To establish the contribution of the private sector in providing outpatient ‘outreach’ clinics in general practitioner fundholding practices. Method: Postal survey of all 13 first-wave fundholders and four of the 13 second-wave fundholders in the former South East Thames Region of the National Health Service in 1995. Results: Fourteen practices responded. Ten practices had set up at least one medical specialist ‘outreach’ clinic and 12 at least one paramedical clinic since becoming fundholders. Eight practices reported their arrangements for consultant ‘outreach’ clinics and ten practices their arrangements for paramedical clinics. Forty-nine per cent of the total medical specialist hours and 46% of total paramedical hours were provided by private practitioners. The largest number of hours provided privately was in gynaecology. Conclusion: This small study identified considerable private provision of fundholders' ‘outreach’ clinics. However, there is no system in the NHS to monitor the extent of this market, the types of activities undertaken or the relative quality and cost of the services provided.

scholarly journals Returning to the root: Radical feminist thought and feminist theories of International Relations

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-375
Author(s):  
David Duriesmith ◽  
Sara Meger
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Radical Feminism ◽  
Ir Theory ◽  
Radical Feminist ◽  
Feminist Thought ◽  
Second Wave Feminism ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Second Wave

AbstractFeminist International Relations (IR) theory is haunted by a radical feminist ghost. From Enloe's suggestion that the personal is both political and international, often seen as the foundation of feminist IR, feminist IR scholarship has been built on the intellectual contributions of a body of theory it has long left for dead. Though Enloe's sentiment directly references the Hanisch's radical feminist rallying call, there is little direct engagement with the radical feminist thinkers who popularised the sentiment in IR. Rather, since its inception, the field has been built on radical feminist thought it has left for dead. This has left feminist IR troubled by its radical feminist roots and the conceptual baggage that feminist IR has unreflectively carried from second-wave feminism into its contemporary scholarship. By returning to the roots of radical feminism we believe IR can gain valuable insights regarding the system of sex-class oppression, the central role of heterosexuality in maintaining this system, and the feminist case for revolutionary political action in order to dismantle it.

scholarly journals Mengupayakan Keadilan Bagi Korban Kekerasan Seksual Melalui Aktivisme Tagar: Kesempatan dan Kerentanan di Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
Andi Misbahul Pratiwi
Keyword(s):  
Science And Technology Studies ◽  
Digital Activism ◽  
Feminist Activism ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
Contested Space ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Use Of Social Media

Digital technology brings new opportunities to accessing justice for women and marginalized groups after being excluded from conventional-masculine technology for decades. In the internet era, the use of social media has become very massive and intensive, therefore feminist activism in this digital space is unavoidable. Hashtag activism has become popular since the #MeToo movement and such an opportunity to seek justice for victims and survivors through voicing and documenting their voices. The use of hashtags (#) opens up opportunities for victims’ stories to be documented, connect with other stories, and go viral. In Indonesia, the use of hashtags in activism also occurs in more local contexts such as #KitaAgni, #SaveIbuNuril, #UIITidakAman, #KamiBersamaKorban, and #SahkanRUUPKS. Some hashtag activism has succeeded in initiating follow-up actions in the offline world, although not always viral stories get satisfactory case resolutions. This study uses a qualitative approach, and collecting the data through literature studies, especially on feminist theories ariund technology and digital such as; Science and Technology Studies (STS) feminism, cyberfeminism, technofeminism, and feminist digital activism. This paper finds that the digital space is a contested space where there are opportunities and vulnerabilities for victims, activists, and netizens to seek justice through hashtag activism.

scholarly journals Teorías del Estado y estudios sobre gubernamentalidad: contrapuntos posibles

2012 ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Melisa Campana
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
The State ◽  
Critical Dialogue ◽  
High Esteem ◽  
Sociological Thought ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Governmentality Studies

• Mucho se ha debatido acerca del ajuste estructural y la reforma del Estado en América Latina, de la caída de los sistemas de Estado de Bienestar y el auge del pensamiento neoliberal, de la reorientación de las protecciones sociales hacia la focalización, descentralización y privatización, movimientos que comienzan a gestarse hacia fines de la década del ‘70 y que, en el caso de Argentina, terminan de consolidarse en los ‘90. Precisamente, con la intención de ofrecer canales de entrada a la discusión acerca del Estado y su “reforma” o “reinvención”, el presente trabajo presenta una serie de contrapuntos entre las teorías del Estado y los estudios sobre gubernamentalidad. La perspectiva analítica adoptada se basa, fundamentalmente, en el enfoque proveniente de los governmentality studies y pretende entablar un diálogo crítico entre diversas claves analíticas. Para ello, se vale de nociones caras tanto al pensamiento político como sociológico y establece contrapuntos entre: Estado y gobierno; democratización de la administración pública y gubernamentalización del gobierno; territorialización y gobierno a través de la comunidad. El objetivo de este artículo es identificar no sólo las divergencias sino también los intercambios posibles entre ambos enfoques y es por ello que la reflexión se organiza sobre la base de los mencionados contrapuntos, no como absolutos opuestos sino como heterogéneos.  • With a view to offering avenues of debate on the State and its “reform” or “re-invention”, this paper presents a number of counterpoints between theories about the State and governmentality studies. The analytical approach taken is primarily based on the focus used in governmentality studies and aims to set up a critical dialogue between various standpoints. Hence, it takes account of notions held in high esteem both in political and sociological thought such as State, government, society and community. The aim of this study is to identify not only divergent aspects but also the potential exchanges between the two approaches, this being the reason why reflection revolves around various counterpoints, which are seen not as opposing but as heterogeneous absolutes.

Second-wave AI and Afro-existential norms

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Abiola Azeez ◽  
Tosin Adeate
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Shared Experience ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Specialized Hardware ◽  
Second Wave

The idea of afro-existentialism connotes how Africans make sense of living and the meaning and meaninglessness attached to human existence. Different phenomena inform the way humans interpret existence, and one of such in the contemporary period, with great influence on Africans, is human involvement with non-human intelligence (AI), in its different eruptions. This paper focuses on the second-wave AI, which is a period of improved simulation of natural intelligence, whose singularity principle hypothesizes individualist motives. The paper asks, to what extent do Afroexistential norms accommodate second-wave AI? Partly in disagreement with the claim that AI is for everyone, we argue that second-wave artificial intelligence weakly adapts to Afro-existential practices, which is largely communal, emphasizing shared experience. We justify this claim by arguing that Western ethical patterns, which inform the features of the second-wave AI such as statistical patterns, smart algorithm, specialized hardware, and big data sets, emerge from individualist notions. This paper argues that second-wave AI trends do not reflect African norms of existence being factored into ordering algorithmic patterns that set up AI systems and programs. We infer that Afro-existential practices unsettles with the individualist principle which underlines second-wave AI and therefore, a conversation around the development and application of communal interpretation of AI is important.

REVIEW: Mihaela Ursa, Adrian Tătăran și Alexandra Turcu, eds., „Zoe, fii bărbată! Coduri de gen în cultura României contemporane”

Transilvania ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 150-152
Author(s):  
Emilian-Cătălin Lungu
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Local Context ◽  
Feminist Theories ◽  
Second Wave

The recent publication of the collective volume on gender studies Zoe, fii bărbată! Coduri de Gen în cultura României contemporane / Zoe, be a man! Gender Codes in the culture of contemporary Romania (Paralela 45, 248 pag.) casts light on the different problems regarding gender topics which are embedded in a Romanian local context, highlighting especially the inequality that women have been facing and the possibilities of liberation from within the corrupted, patriarchal matrix, with the studies mainly rooted in second wave feminist theories. The approach of the research conducted in this volume is interdisciplinary, featuring studies with a focus on various subjects in the humanistic field.

scholarly journals Stability of Bilocal Relationships – Conditions and Development Paths An Analysis of the First and Second Wave of Pairfam

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Dorbritz ◽  
Robert Naderi
Keyword(s):  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Spatial Proximity ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Relationship Type ◽  
Educational Homogamy ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Development Paths ◽  
One Year ◽  
Second Wave

Bilocal relationships have lost their status as an exclusive living arrangement. They occur almost as frequently as unmarried cohabiting couples and can be found in virtually all social groups. Nevertheless, they are characterised by a set of very specific traits. The causes behind the increasing number of bilocal relationships can on the one hand be seen in a tendency towards greater individualisation, i.e. the desire for greater individual autonomy, and on the other hand in increasing demands for work-related mobility, which can only be met by separate households. It is generally assumed that one defining characteristic of bilocal relationships is that they are rather short-lived and often merely seen as a temporary or stopgap solution. On the basis of the first and second wave of the pairfam survey, the aim of this paper is to investigate the general circumstances of bilocal relationships and its implications for their future stability. The central question is which conditions lead to the continuation or the breakup of a bilocal relationship or to an eventual shared household. When looking at wave one and wave two in comparison (i.e. a time period of one year), profound changes have already occurred regarding continuation or breakup. From those bilocal relationships found in wave one, more than half of the age-group questioned had not changed their chosen relationship type. The smaller portion of respondents had separated and thus ended bilocality (just over 10 %). The remaining bilocal relationships had increased their level of institutionalisation by becoming spouses or cohabitants. As regarding the development from wave one to wave two, it becomes apparent through the results of a multivariate analysis that the general circumstances of older respondents should be judged differently than those of younger ones. The work-related constellation between the two partners, spatial proximity, educational homogamy, previous experience in cohabitating and intentions in regard to separation or moving in together are explaining factors for the continuation of a bilocal relationship, the set-up of a shared household or a breakup.

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