Mapping
Mapping invites school members to be a part of identifying particular problem areas and times in their school. Mapping is another way to collect qualitative data, and the process takes places as part of a special type of focus group. Different groups represent the various members of the school community, such as students, teaching staff, and support staff. Several variations on the actual mapping process exist. School settings may decide to modify some details of the procedure while keeping the essential aspects in mind. The first step is obtaining a map of the school. The map should contain all internal school areas, including those surrounding the school and playground facilities. A sketch that is used for fire drills is detailed enough. In some communities where students walk or bike to the school— and where there are concerns about their safety— a simple map of the surrounding neighborhood can also be used with participants. The maps are essential because they focus the discussion on actual places and times and help avoid abstract and emotional discussions. It’s important for students and other participants to provide useful information, and the maps help to trigger concrete conversations. Figure 11.1 is an example of a map that shows where schools are located within a community and the areas around the schools where students are walking to and from school. Note that this, and all other figures in this chapter were originally in color, which helps to emphasize the content of the maps. Figures 11.2 and 11.3 are additional examples of maps that give students a simple way to identify those areas in the school that they view as safe and inviting and those that they would prefer to avoid. These maps also identify students by grade level so administrators can better understand patterns. Finally, Figure 11.4 is an additional example of a community map that includes schools and other locations where students spend time, such as a park. The streets highlighted are the most common routes that students take to school.