Beyond the Known and into the Unknown Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-70
Author(s):  
Carlos Velasco ◽  
Marianna Obrist
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Future Space ◽  
To Come ◽  
Multisensory Experience ◽  
Technology Advances

As technology advances, and our understanding of the human senses grows, we will be able to augment existing experiences but also create previously unimaginable ones. For example, we are just starting to understand how our senses change in outer space. We and several other researchers are developing technology-enabled experiences that consider these changes to facilitate future space travels. This chapter presents the scope for multisensory experiences in the years to come. As an illustrative example, it merges ‘science’ and ‘fiction’ and discusses the possibilities around multisensory experience design in the context of space travels.

India’s Quest for a National Space Law and the Missing Piece of Possessory Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 097492842110477
Author(s):  
Athar ud din
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
National Space ◽  
Commercial Use ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Space Law ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Celestial Bodies ◽  
Emerging Powers ◽  
Space Activities

As the commercial use of outer space becomes feasible, the nature of possessory rights will potentially emerge as the central focus of future space-related activities. The existing international law relating to outer space does not address in detail the nature of possessory rights in outer space and is subject to multiple interpretations. Alarmingly, the recently adopted space policies and legislations by some States have taken a definitive position regarding commercial use of natural resources in outer space. In light of India’s increasing involvement in outer space, it circulated the Draft Space Activities Bill, 2017, to formulate a national space law. However, the nature of possessory rights in outer space is not addressed in detail in the Draft Space Activities Bill. This study states that on account of recent developments happening elsewhere, it is extremely important for emerging powers like India to take a position on broader issues like the nature of possessory rights in outer space (which includes celestial bodies as well as resources contained therein). Not addressing the issue of possessory rights in outer space could have profound implications at both domestic as well as international levels.

The International Space Station

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-95
Author(s):  
Chris Nie
Keyword(s):  
International Space Station ◽  
Outer Space ◽  
Space Station ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Moon ◽  
New Era ◽  
International Space ◽  
Space Race ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Technical Details

A new era of spaceflight dawned following the conclusion of the United States and Russian space race. This new era has been marked by the design, assembly, and operation of one of the greatest engineering feats mankind has accomplished, the International Space Station (ISS). The ISS is comprised of hundreds of thousands of kilograms of material built on the ground and transported to space for assembly. It houses an artificial atmosphere to sustain life in outer space and has been continually inhabited for over 15 years. This chapter describes the technical complexity of the ISS, the background of how it was assembled, its major systems, details of crew life onboard, commercial usage of the resource, and examples of mishaps that have occurred during the ISS's operation. The technical details of the ISS provide a glimpse into what future space stations that might orbit the Moon and Mars will resemble.

Digesting the Massacre: Food Tours in Palestinian Towns in Israel

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-73
Author(s):  
Azri Amram
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Symbolic Boundaries ◽  
Food Tourism ◽  
To Come ◽  
Palestinians In Israel ◽  
Rights Issues ◽  
Multisensory Experience

Guided food tours of Israeli Jews to Palestinian towns in Israel are increasing in popularity in recent years. Indeed, the relations between Jews and Palestinians in Israel are often negotiated through the plate, and such food tours allow these relationships to be examined by both local Palestinian hosts and their Israeli-Jewish guests. In this article, I argue that food tours in Palestinian towns in Israel allow Palestinian citizens of Israel to express controversial sociopolitical messages and discuss them with Israeli-Jewish participants thanks to the unique characteristics of food tourism: a multisensory experience for tourists that creates value for the destination and its residents. I demonstrate how the practice of exploring and blurring symbolic boundaries through these tours creates a space that facilitates the delivery of explicit and implicit messages regarding civil rights issues, and even highly explosive topics such as national identity. The innocuous and ostensibly apolitical nature of food allows Israeli-Jewish tourists to come to terms, at least to a certain extent, with messages that may contradict some of the significant Zionist-Jewish narratives. This article is based on ethnography conducted from 2015–17 in Kafr Qasim, a Palestinian town in Israel. I joined “Ramadan Nights” tours that sought to present the customs of the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic calendar in which, according to religion, Muslims fast from morning until nightfall. I show how the tour facilitates the “digestion” of messages that many Israeli Jews would otherwise find hard to accept, such as the massacre of forty-nine dwellers of Kafr Qasim by the Israeli military in 1956. I conclude by discussing the use of food and hospitality as a means of creating intimacy and challenging power relations and their role in facilitating the digestion of difficult messages.

scholarly journals ¿Existe una imagen del futuro? Sobre tiempos, imágenes, mundos otros y Antropoceno

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (53) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Hernando Guarín Martínez ◽  
Marta Jimena Cabrera Ardila
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Paradoxical Movement ◽  
The Future ◽  
To Come

Resumen: Este artículo aborda los modos como las imágenes prefiguran el tiempo por venir, el futuro. En otras palabras, lo que entendemos por el futuro, un tiempo sin historicidad, es articulado en el tiempo presente y corresponde a un paradójico movimiento entre tiempo de nostalgia y tiempo de deseo. Para explorar el tema, abordamos las nociones de profecía y predicción y posteriormente ahondamos en las imágenes técnicas, que son centrales en la producción de la era geológica conocida como Antropoceno. El Antropoceno, en tanto escenario planetario inminente, significa un particular encuentro entre las profecías apocalípticas de las religiones y el pensamiento mítico, y las predicciones catastróficas de las ciencias, derivando en una singular imagen de futuro que pareciera ser un fin y un comienzo a la vez: la conquista del Espacio y la terraformación de otros mundos, donde Marte es una suerte de espejo de la Tierra que proyecta imágenes que son simultáneamente del pasado y del futuro.Palabras Clave: Antropoceno. antropología de la imagen. historicidad. Marte. terraformación ¿Existe una imagen del futuro? Sobre tiempos, imágenes, mundos otros y Antropoceno Abstract: This article explores the ways in which images prefigure times to come, the future. In other words, what we understand as future, a time devoid of historicity, is articulated in the present and corresponds to a paradoxical movement between nostalgia and desire. To delve into the matter, we explore the notions of prophecy and prediction, then we examine technical images, which are key to the production of the geological era known as the Anthropocene. The Anthropoce, seen as an imminent planetary scenario, implies a remarkable encounter between apocalyptic prophecies, mythical thinking, and scientific catastrophic predictions which condensate in a singular image of the future that speaks of beginnings and ends: the conquest of outer space and the terraforming of other worlds where Mars mirrors the Earth and projects images that belong simultaneously to the past and the future.Keywords: Anthopocene. anthropology of the image. historicity. Mars. terraforming EXISTE UMA IMAGEM DO FUTURO? SOBRE TEMPOS, IMAGENS, OUTROS MUNDOS E O ANTROPOCENO Resumo: O artigo aborda os modos como as imagens provém o tempo por vir, o futuro. Em outras palavras, aquilo que entendemos por futuro, um tempo sem historicidade, é articulado no tempo presente e faz parte de um movimento paradoxal entre o tempo da saudade e o tempo do desejo. Para fazer essa abordagem, partimos das noções de profecia e predição, para compreender as imagens técnicas como elementos centrais da visualidade da era geológica conhecida como Antropoceno. Essa era geológica, em quanto cenário planetario iminente, significa um particular encontro entre as profecias apocalípticas das religões e o pensamiento mítico, e as predições catastróficas das ciências, dando lugar a uma singular imagem do futuro que se propõe como um final e um começão ao mesmo tempo: a conquista do Espaço e a terraformação de outros mundos, onde Marte é um tipo de espelho da Terra, que projeta imagens que são do pasado e do futuro ao mesmo tempo.Palavras-chave: Antropoceno. antropologia das imagens. historicidade. Marte. terraformação

SPACE-CENTRIC CONCEPT TO ANSWER TOMORROW SPACE CHALLENGE: A SMALL STEP FOR FUTURE SPACE LAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202
Author(s):  
Taufik Rachmat Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Outer Space ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Concept Space ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Space Programs ◽  
Space Law ◽  
Space Objects ◽  
Protection Area ◽  
Space Activities ◽  
Private Sector Involvement

Space activities have shown significant progress since they begin in the late '50s. Under current development, the U.S. with Artemis program and Luxembourg with its space mining program will enhance their outer space involvement. Most of those programs will elevate private sector involvement. Furthermore, the future space program will mainly intersect with the space environment as the primary consideration. It remains high-risk activities that could have catastrophic results if not regulated immediately. However, the current existing space law began obsolete because it was composed more than 50 years ago and too geocentric by putting the earth as the primary protection area. Consequently, existing space law could not govern future space programs properly, including protecting the space environment defense, Etc. Afterward, this paper will introduce the space-centric concept. Space-centric concepts create to answer future space challenges from legal perspectives. This concept emphasizes how future regulation and policy should cover all space objects equally, recalling outer space is vulnerable to such activities by humans, and how the best way to mitigate unforeseeable calamity on outer space.

scholarly journals Scenting the Anosmic Cube: On the Use of Ambient Scent in the Context of the Art Gallery or Museum

i-Perception ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 204166952096662
Author(s):  
Charles Spence
Keyword(s):  
Art Museum ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Art Galleries ◽  
Museum Displays ◽  
Subsequent Recall ◽  
Museum Display ◽  
Ambient Scent ◽  
Multisensory Experience

In recent years, there has been growing interest in the possibility of augmenting the visitor’s experience of the exhibits in various art galleries and museums by means of the delivery of a genuinely multisensory experience, one that engages more than just the visual sense. This kind of approach both holds the promise of increasing engagement while, at the same time, also helping to address, in some small way, issues around accessibility for the visually impaired visitor. One of the increasingly popular approaches to enhancing multisensory experience design involves the use of scents that have been chosen to match, or augment, the art or museum display in some way. The various different kinds of congruency between olfaction and vision that have been investigated by researchers and/or incorporated into art/museum displays already are reviewed. However, while the laboratory research does indeed appear to suggest that people’s experience of the paintings (or rather reproductions or photos of the works of art) may well be influenced by the presence of an ambient odour, the results are by no means guaranteed to be positive, either in terms of the emotional response while viewing the display or in terms of the viewer’s subsequent recall of their multisensory experience. As such, caution is advised for those who may be considering whether to augment their multisensory displays/exhibits with ambient scent.

scholarly journals A Methodology for Multisensory Product Experience Design Using Cross-modal Effect: A Case of SLR Camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3801-3810
Author(s):  
Takuma Maki ◽  
Hideyoshi Yanagisawa
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Experience Design ◽  
Regression Curve ◽  
Product Experience ◽  
Modeling Methodology ◽  
Change Perceptions ◽  
Multisensory Experience

AbstractThroughout the course of product experience, a user employs multiple senses, including vision, hearing, and touch. Previous cross-modal studies have shown that multiple senses interact with each other and change perceptions. In this paper, we propose a methodology for designing multisensory product experiences by applying cross-modal effect to simultaneous stimuli. In this methodology, we first obtain a model of the comprehensive cognitive structure of user's multisensory experience by applying Kansei modeling methodology and extract opportunities of cross-modal effect from the structure. Second, we conduct experiments on these cross-modal effects and formulate them by obtaining a regression curve through analysis. Finally, we find solutions to improve the product sensory experience from the regression model of the target cross-modal effects. We demonstrated the validity of the methodology with SLR cameras as a case study, which is a typical product with multisensory perceptions.

scholarly journals Placing Schmidt Astrometry on The ICRS

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 294-296
Author(s):  
B. Bucciarelli ◽  
M.G. Lattanzi ◽  
B.M. Lasker
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Proper Motions ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Star Catalog ◽  
Future Space ◽  
Data Volume ◽  
Plate Area ◽  
To Come ◽  
Guide Star

The sky-limited, large-area photographic surveys which are being used for the construction of the second generation Guide Star Catalog (GSC-II) will be for many years to come the largest astronomical database available. The survey plates are typically placed on a 5-degree grid, with each plate area of about 42 square degrees, for a total of more than 1700 plates covering the whole sky. The expected data volume is about 2 Tbytes per bandpass. The final product will consist of an all-sky catalog of positions, proper motions, magnitudes and at least one color to a minimum of V=18. Among the scientific motivations behind such an endeavor let us mention operation of ground-based telescopes and future space missions, observation planning, statistical investigations (see, e.g., Lasker et al. 1995, Cannon 1997)

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under NAFTA Chapter 11: The Shape of Things to Come?

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 263-290
Author(s):  
J. Anthony VanDuzer
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Minimum Standards ◽  
The North ◽  
State Behaviour ◽  
Nafta Chapter 11 ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Right

SummaryRecently, there has been a proliferation of international agreements imposing minimum standards on states in respect of their treatment of foreign investors and allowing investors to initiate dispute settlement proceedings where a state violates these standards. Of greatest significance to Canada is Chapter 11 of the North American Free Trade Agreement, which provides both standards for state behaviour and the right to initiate binding arbitration. Since 1996, four cases have been brought under Chapter 11. This note describes the Chapter 11 process and suggests some of the issues that may arise as it is increasingly resorted to by investors.

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