Culture and the Development of Moralities of Community

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-70
Author(s):  
Joan G. Miller ◽  
Malin Källberg-Shroff
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Socialization Processes

Community pertains to the bonds that individuals have with family and friends and is fundamental to the individual’s sense of self and well-being. This chapter provides evidence that concerns with community constitute a type of morality that is qualitatively distinct from the morality of justice and that moralities of community take culturally variable forms. The authors begin by highlighting respects in which, in privileging justice considerations, mainstream models of morality downplay concerns with community. They then present evidence for the existence of moralities of community and for cultural variation in its forms. This is followed by a discussion of work on the developmental emergence of moralities of community and the socialization processes through which moralities of community emerge. In a final section, the authors identify challenges for future research in addressing issues of social justice in family relations and achieving greater cultural sensitivity in policy interventions with children and families.

scholarly journals Arts engagement facilitated by artists with individuals with life-limiting illness: A systematic integrative review of the literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110458
Author(s):  
Jenny Baxley Lee ◽  
Sonja McIlfatrick ◽  
Lisa Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Arts Engagement

Background: Living with life-limiting illness significantly impacts quality of life. A growing body of evidence suggests that arts engagement facilitated by artists promotes well-being. However, no synthesis of the literature exists to describe arts engagement delivered by artists with individuals receiving palliative care. Aim: To systematically review and synthesize evidence to identify outcomes and key knowledge gaps to inform future research and practice. Design: A systematic integrative literature review was conducted using a pre-defined search strategy and reported using PRISMA guidelines. Analysis was conducted iteratively and synthesis achieved using constant comparison to generate themes. Data sources: PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched for studies published between database inception and August 2020. Search terms included variations on arts/artists; patients/service users; and palliative or end-of-life care. Eligibility criteria was applied and study quality assessed. Results: Seven reviewed studies explored literary, performing, and visual arts engagement in hospitals, hospice and community settings in England, the United States, France, and Canada. Study designs, interventions and findings were discussed. Themes identified across studies associated arts engagement with (1) a sense of well-being, (2) a newly discovered, or re-framed, sense of self, (3) connection with others, and (4) challenges associated with practice. Conclusion: Recommendations for future research were offered in order to maximize benefits, minimize risks and address complexity of artists’ engagement in palliative care including: (1) consistency in methods and reporting; (2) inclusion of wider perspectives; and (3) key considerations for adapting the arts by health condition and art form.

Secondary but significant: secondary customers’ existence, vulnerability and needs in care services

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 760-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henna M. Leino
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Nursing Service ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Sense ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Status

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to increase understanding of the status, vulnerability and needs of the health-care and nursing service customers’ (hereafter, care service customers’) loved ones. Design/methodology/approach The position and vulnerabilities of secondary customers of care services are studied and examples provided by reviewing empirical research reported in the care service literature. A conceptual discussion is developed on the “customer” concept in an extended sense, beyond the focal customers. The “primary customer” and “secondary customer” concepts are employed to supplement the extant discussion on customer units and ecosystems. Findings Secondary customers are exposed to secondary vulnerability and their well-being is affected by the services provided primarily to their loved ones. The most recurring needs of secondary customers concern psychosocial support, communication and information and cultural sensitivity. Practical implications New perspectives on understanding the “customer” concept in an extended sense. This assists in supporting the customers’ dynamic activities and processes within the customer ecosystems. To address care service customers’ loved ones’ vulnerabilities and needs and to support their well-being, they should also be recognised as customers – “secondary customers” – with patients being the “primary customers”. Social implications The results are especially relevant when considering services’ influences on vulnerable customers’ ecosystems and on individuals within them. It is important to recognise that beyond a vulnerable customer, several secondary customers may be exposed to secondary vulnerability, needing support. Originality/value The paper is apparently the first to connect the constructs “primary” and “secondary customer” and customer vulnerability to the customer ecosystem discussion. Also, essential future research questions are provided.

From vulnerability to risk: Consolidating state interventions towards Māori children and young people in New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-545
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Stanley ◽  
Sarah Monod de Froideville
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Young People ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
The Political ◽  
Children And Families ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Progressive Policy ◽  
State Interventions

Vulnerability has been a guiding narrative to state interventions towards children and their families in New Zealand. This article shows how this progressive notion has been systematically managed to fit pre-established political and policy priorities. These processes have emphasised: (i) categorisations of risk to those who demonstrate vulnerabilities; (ii) pre-emptive, multi-agency involvement in the lives of those deemed potentially ‘vulnerable’; and (iii) a responsibilising expectation that children and families will avoid vulnerable situations and comply with interventions. This individualising logic of vulnerability has solidified policy interventions towards Māori, and re-emphasised colonial practices of viewing Māori children and young people as deficit-laden risks to be managed. With a late 2017 change in government, the political dalliance with vulnerability appears to be in decline. A new progressive policy discourse – of child ‘well-being’ and ‘best interests’ – is being engaged. Yet, the emphasis on risk, and its corresponding elements of pre-emption and responsibility, persist. These discursive and institutional arrangements will ensure that Māori remain perilously entrenched in welfare and justice systems.

Socialization in the Family: Implications for Music Education

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Wharton Conkling
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
Socialization Processes ◽  
Socializing Agents

Socialization in the family commonly is considered a process by which children acquire self-understanding and learn to successfully interact with others in a specific cultural context. At one time, scholars conceived of socialization as a process limited to early childhood; thus, greater understanding about socialization, including how music is used in processes of socialization, exists for that stage of development. Now scholars view socialization as a process that continues throughout the life span. The emergent research includes studies on cultural variation in socialization processes, as well as on how parents continue as important socializing agents even as children mature and become influenced by schooling and a peer group. Relevant to music education are findings that parents and caregivers select and support older children’s and adolescents’ participation in specific extracurricular activities to help ensure their well-being and develop a desirable peer group.

The Future of the Industrial Inspector

1981 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 565-565
Author(s):  
C. G. Drury
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Panel Discussion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Automated Inspection ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Industrial Inspection ◽  
Interactive Session ◽  
Stringent Quality ◽  
Short Presentation

The human inspector is being challenged by increasingly stringent quality demands and by the advent of automated inspection devices. This panel discussion follows on from the interactive session ‘Industrial Inspection - Present and Future’. The panel will discuss the implications of tightened standards and automation on both the inspector and the research needs. The question posed is: Have we reached the point where no more needs to be known about inspectors because there will be fewer and fewer inspectors. A short presentation on automated inspection, by the Chairman and M.A. Sinclair, will be followed by position outlines by the panelists. Panelists include: M.A. Sinclair, University of Loughborough L.H. Geyer, Northeastern University S.M. Gupta, Northeastern University and all presenters from the Industrial Inspection interactive session. Discussion of topics raised by panelists and audience will follow. The final section of the session will be spent planning future research and implementation needs to ensure the efficiency and well-being of the industrial inspector.

Law, Value and Norm: The Constitution of a Culture-Bound Ethical Dilemma in Social Work in the Ultra-Orthodox Community

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Netanel Gemara ◽  
Yochay Nadan
Keyword(s):  
Social Workers ◽  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Cultural Encounters ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Multi-cultural encounters pose challenges and ethical dilemmas for social workers. A common form of dilemma in these settings stems from the clash between the ethical requirement of cultural sensitivity and contradictory ethical principles. This article presents qualitative findings from an exploratory study of social workers (n = 30) working with Jewish Ultra-Orthodox families and children who are at risk in Israel. Our exploration was guided by the following research question: What are the constructions, perceptions, beliefs and meanings associated with the dilemmas social workers face while working with the Ultra-Orthodox community in Israel around issues of child well-being, risk and protection? A thematic analysis of 30 in-depth interviews yielded three themes of dilemma: the collectivist nature of the Ultra-Orthodox community, religion and spirituality and gender and sexuality. Further analysis of the findings revealed a typology of three elements that constitute a culture-bound dilemma: laws, values and norms. This article, which also addresses limitations and recommendations for future research, suggests how the understanding of what components make up a specific dilemma can aid social workers in managing the dilemma and may require a different course of action.

scholarly journals Sustainable Mobility Promotion During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-23
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Active Travel ◽  
Physical Activity Guideline ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Transport ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Korean Society ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Active Travel To School

With the recent COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Korea, surveys have reported rising issues with physical inactivity and obesity, social isolation, and economic depression. We analyzed the implications of active mobility and attuned it towards Korean society, exploring the possible scenarios, cases, and policies. Our research recommended active mobility to be an effective solution. Originally, the keywords used in Google Scholar were COVID-19, active mobility, and physical activity. To add more depth, active transport and active travel were inserted later on. The physical activity guideline, socioeconomic and environmental mechanisms were explored by scouring through documents published by various institutions and local authorities. Other cases about active mobility were summarized, while policy interventions, such as utilizing active travel to school were suggested. Sustainable Transport strives for the development of efficient methods of personal mobility on three major fronts: economic growth, environmental preservation (13 SDGs), and social development. Since the emergence of COVID-19, cases of sustainable active mobility have increased; countries utilizing WHO’s Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to find ways to improve health and well-being. Based on the recent development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), infrastructure, and the legal system in Korea, the country needs to implement safe methods for active mobility to develop further. Sustainable mobility could positively address the problems that arose with the emergence of COVID-19. Using good cases with a careful application to Korean society is necessary. Some policy interventions including active travel to school could be applicable with careful preparation and participation. Prudent advocacy from the government is also needed to promote new regulations. When we read about COVID-19 rapidly spreading across Europe, especially Italy, both researchers were alarmed at the news. As time passed, we were intrigued by the quick reaction of the governments to guide their cities from electric vehicles to sustainable transport. Through this paper, we were able to learn more in-depth details about Italy’s big cities and how they achieved homogeneous awareness regarding sustainable mobility (Table 1). Was COVID-19 the trigger? However, due to the different socioeconomic aspects between Italy and South Korea, the root cause was difficult to discern. We would recommend that future research addresses more comprehensive aspects for foreigners to learn from the study.

scholarly journals ‘Mad, sad and bad’ to ‘Dad’: care-experienced men’s experiences of fatherhood

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-300
Author(s):  
Emma Dandy ◽  
Jacqueline Knibbs ◽  
Felicity Gilbey
Keyword(s):  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Emotional Health ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Care Experience ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
Transition To Fatherhood ◽  
Health And Well Being

The transition to fatherhood can have a significant impact upon men’s emotional health and well-being. As experiences of abuse and neglect in childhood also correlate with increased rates of depression, self-harm and suicide in adulthood, it is likely that the mental health of fathers who spent time in care as children due to maltreatment will be more severely affected by the move to fatherhood. Although research into the experiences of fathers has multiplied in recent years, there remain lacunae and the experiences of many, for example single parents and those who are disabled or have care experience, remain unexplored. This article fills this gap for one such group by exploring the lived experiences of five fathers with care experience whose children remain in their care. They were interviewed about their situation and feelings and the emerging data were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Three superordinate themes emerged: ‘Going back to move forward’, ‘Reliving the past’ and ‘Breaking the cycle’, and these encapsulated eight more subordinate themes. Participants described fatherhood as a chance to relive their childhood and feel accepted as part of a family, which enhanced their sense of self from ‘Mad, sad and bad’ to ‘Dad’. The implications for policy and practice for supporting care-experienced fathers are discussed along with directions for future research.

scholarly journals Gendered Perspectives in Psychology: Immigrant Origin Youth

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carola Suárez-Orozco ◽  
Desirée Baolian Qin
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Gender And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migratory Experience

In this article, we contend that the field of psychology has largely failed to foreground the role of gender in its study of immigration. Here, we review studies that address gender and migration focusing on the experience of children and adolescents. We provide developmental perspectives on family relations, well-being, identity formation, and educational outcomes, paying particular attention to the role of gender in these domains. We conclude with recommendations for future research, which include the need to consider whether, and if so, how, when, and why it makes a difference to be an immigrant, to be from a particular country, or to be female rather than male. We argue that it is important to consider socioeconomic characteristics; to consider resilience as well as pathology; and to work in interdisciplinary ways to deepen our understanding of the gendered migratory experience of immigrant origin youth.

The Yin and Yang of Attitudes and Related Constructs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Ma-Kellams ◽  
Julie Spencer-Rodgers ◽  
Kaiping Peng
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cultural Variation ◽  
Dialectical Thinking ◽  
Yin And Yang ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Affective Components

Much of the literature has examined how dialectical thinking influences the self, emotions, and well-being. How does dialectical thinking affect valenced evaluations of objects outside of the self? This chapter argues that naive dialecticism shapes the internal consistency, cross-situational consistency, and temporal stability of attitudes and related constructs. It begins with a discussion of how dialecticism leads to greater attitudinal ambivalence or “both-valenced” (positive/negative) evaluations of a wide variety of phenomena. It then examines how dialecticism can explain the cultural variation in ingroup favoring versus ingroup derogating tendencies. The difference between cognitive versus affective components and implicit versus explicit levels emerge as important distinctions in elucidating cultural variation in group-based attitudes. The chapter continues with a discussion of how dialecticism can account for cultural differences in cognitive dissonance, intergroup attitudes and relations, and attitude flexibility and change, and topics for future research are proposed.

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