Language Variation in the Book of Jeremiah and Its Cultural and Social Background

2021 ◽  
pp. 216-232
Author(s):  
Frank H. Polak
Keyword(s):  
Social Background ◽  
Oral Literature ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
New Class ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Extremely High Frequency ◽  
Book Of Jeremiah ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Sociohistorical Context ◽  
Emotional Style

Syntactic-stylistic analysis of the linguistic variation in the book of Jeremiah points to the cultural/sociohistorical context of the different text groups. The poignant, emotional style of Jeremianic poetry (Mowinckel’s A corpus) is marked by the often extremely high frequency of short clauses, and the low incidence of subordinate clauses and noun groups (similarly in most texts in Jeremiah 30–31; 46–51). These features characterize the “lean, brisk style” of spontaneous spoken discourse/oral literature. Noun groups and subordinate clauses are highly frequent in the narrative corpus (B) and parenetic prose (C), whereas short clauses are far less frequent, as characteristic of the “intricate, elaborate style” of written texts. Where these corpora reflect the scribal desk, corpus A is close to the oral arena. Detailed analysis shows, however, that all corpora are open-ended. These considerations suggest an initial oral-written symbiosis in the prophetic performance and the commission to writing of the prophetic utterances. In the scribal milieu of the Babylonian/Persian era, a new class of religious formulators took up the prophetic tradition and reformulated it in the complex style characteristic of the scribal desk.

Comparison of the efficacy of moclobemide and fluvoxamine in elderly patients with a severe depressive episode

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
JP Bocksberger ◽  
JP Gachoud ◽  
J Richard ◽  
Ρ Dick
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Psychomotor Retardation ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Reversible Inhibitor ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
New Class ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
To Receive

SummaryIn a double-blind study carried out on elderly patients (older than 65 years) the efficacy and tolerability of the new antidepressant moclobemide was compared. Moclobemide belongs to a new class of substances called RIMA (Reversible inhibitor of the monoamine oxidase type A). Fluvoxamine, a selective reuptake-inhibitor of 5-HT, belongs to a class of antidepressants known for their better tolerability compared to tricyclic especially with elderly patients. Forty elderly patients (mean age 75 years) with major depression (according to DSM III) were randomized to receive either moclobemide (300 mg) or fluvoxamine (100 mg) twice daily. Dosages were increased when necessary on day 8, to a maximum of 450 mg moclobemide or 200 mg fluvoxamine and in most cases were maintained at these levels for the remainder of the study period (four weeks). Moclobemide was more effective than fluvoxamine showing a marked antidepressant effect and an earlier effect on psychomotor retardation. The two drugs were well tolerated showing a low incidence of side effects.

scholarly journals Syntactic complexity in Iranian learners' English writing and speaking

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Sarah Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Placement Test ◽  
Syntactic Complexity ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
English Writing ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Subordinate Clauses ◽  
Elementary Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iranian Students ◽  
Study Participants

<p>This study is aimed at demonstrating the use of syntactic complexity in Iranian learners’ English written and spoken discourse using quantitative-qualitative approach. To fulfill this purpose, forty-five female Iranian students from 3 branches of a private language institute in Mashhad were recruited. The subjects were divided into three groups based on Cambridge Placement Test results: elementary, intermediate, and advanced. All groups (each 15 participants) were asked to write a 200-word essay on a topic. Thereafter, the essays were examined manually for the T-units according to the classification used by the experts. In the follow-up phase of the study, participants were asked to attend an interview on the same topic of their writings to evaluate the usage of C-units in their speaking. The findings illustrate the fact that the most frequent element in macro level was clause in both writing and speaking, while in micro level, there were significant differences between elementary group &amp; intermediate group and between the elementary group and advanced group in writing skill and there was a significant difference between elementary group &amp; advanced group in using subordinate clauses in speaking. A future study investigating syntactic complexity in other skills such as reading would be very interesting.</p>

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

In Situ microscopy of the anodic etching of silicon

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 232-233
Author(s):  
Frances M. Ross ◽  
Peter C. Searson
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Selective Etching ◽  
Silicon On Insulator ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Porous Layers ◽  
New Class ◽  
Porous Semiconductors

Porous semiconductors represent a relatively new class of materials formed by the selective etching of a single or polycrystalline substrate. Although porous silicon has received considerable attention due to its novel optical properties1, porous layers can be formed in other semiconductors such as GaAs and GaP. These materials are characterised by very high surface area and by electrical, optical and chemical properties that may differ considerably from bulk. The properties depend on the pore morphology, which can be controlled by adjusting the processing conditions and the dopant concentration. A number of novel structures can be fabricated using selective etching. For example, self-supporting membranes can be made by growing pores through a wafer, films with modulated pore structure can be fabricated by varying the applied potential during growth, composite structures can be prepared by depositing a second phase into the pores and silicon-on-insulator structures can be formed by oxidising a buried porous layer. In all these applications the ability to grow nanostructures controllably is critical.

The microtubule associated protein (MAP) tau forms a new class of triple-stranded left-hand helical fibrous protein polymer

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
G. C. Ruben ◽  
K. Iqbal ◽  
I. Grundke-Iqbal ◽  
H. Wisniewski ◽  
T. L. Ciardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Normal Structure ◽  
Paired Helical Filaments ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
New Class ◽  
Protein Polymer ◽  
Fibrous Protein ◽  
Protein Map ◽  
Neurotransmitter Transport ◽  
Alzheimer Neurofibrillary Tangles

In neurons, the microtubule associated protein, tau, is found in the axons. Tau stabilizes the microtubules required for neurotransmitter transport to the axonal terminal. Since tau has been found in both Alzheimer neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and in paired helical filaments (PHF), the study of tau's normal structure had to preceed TEM studies of NFT and PHF. The structure of tau was first studied by ultracentrifugation. This work suggested that it was a rod shaped molecule with an axial ratio of 20:1. More recently, paraciystals of phosphorylated and nonphosphoiylated tau have been reported. Phosphorylated tau was 90-95 nm in length and 3-6 nm in diameter where as nonphosphorylated tau was 69-75 nm in length. A shorter length of 30 nm was reported for undamaged tau indicating that it is an extremely flexible molecule. Tau was also studied in relation to microtubules, and its length was found to be 56.1±14.1 nm.

Study of segregation in La1.8Sr0.2CuO4 superconductor by STEM-EDS microanalysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 54-55
Author(s):  
T. F. Kelly ◽  
P. J. Lee ◽  
E. E. Hellstrom ◽  
D. C. Larbalestier
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
High Field ◽  
Transport Current ◽  
Total Thickness ◽  
New Class ◽  
Ceramic Superconductors ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Eds Microanalysis

Recently there has been much excitement over a new class of high Tc (>30 K) ceramic superconductors of the form A1-xBxCuO4-x, where A is a rare earth and B is from Group II. Unfortunately these materials have only been able to support small transport current densities 1-10 A/cm2. It is very desirable to increase these values by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude for useful high field applications. The reason for these small transport currents is as yet unknown. Evidence has, however, been presented for superconducting clusters on a 50-100 nm scale and on a 1-3 μm scale. We therefore planned a detailed TEM and STEM microanalysis study in order to see whether any evidence for the clusters could be seen.A La1.8Sr0.2Cu04 pellet was cut into 1 mm thick slices from which 3 mm discs were cut. The discs were subsequently mechanically ground to 100 μm total thickness and dimpled to 20 μm thickness at the center.

Electronic structure studies of conducting polymers by electron energy-loss spectroscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
J. Fink
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Conducting Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Electron Donors ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
New Class ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

Conducting polymers comprises a new class of materials achieving electrical conductivities which rival those of the best metals. The parent compounds (conjugated polymers) are quasi-one-dimensional semiconductors. These polymers can be doped by electron acceptors or electron donors. The prototype of these materials is polyacetylene (PA). There are various other conjugated polymers such as polyparaphenylene, polyphenylenevinylene, polypoyrrole or polythiophene. The doped systems, i.e. the conducting polymers, have intersting potential technological applications such as replacement of conventional metals in electronic shielding and antistatic equipment, rechargable batteries, and flexible light emitting diodes.Although these systems have been investigated almost 20 years, the electronic structure of the doped metallic systems is not clear and even the reason for the gap in undoped semiconducting systems is under discussion.

Mechanochemical changes on cyclometalated Ir(iii) acyclic carbene complexes – design and tuning of luminescent mechanochromic transition metal complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 786-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingqi Han ◽  
Kin-Man Tang ◽  
Shun-Cheung Cheng ◽  
Chi-On Ng ◽  
Yuen-Kiu Chun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Transition Metal Complexes ◽  
Carbene Complexes ◽  
New Class

A new class of luminescent cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes with readily tunable mechanochromic properties derived from the mechanically induced trans-to-cis isomerization have been developed.

Amino-functional polyethers: versatile, stimuli-responsive polymers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 3940-3950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Verkoyen ◽  
Holger Frey
Keyword(s):  
Ring Opening ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
New Class ◽  
Stimuli Responsive Polymers ◽  
Responsive Polymers

Amino-functional polyethers have emerged as a new class of “smart”, i.e. pH- and thermoresponsive materials. This review article summarizes the synthesis and applications of these materials, obtained from ring-opening of suitable epoxide monomers.

Multiple Perspectives on the Barriers to Identification and Management of Pediatric Voice Disorders

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Jana Childes ◽  
Alissa Acker ◽  
Dana Collins
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
School Personnel ◽  
Voice Disorder ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Vocal Qualities ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
University Settings

Pediatric voice disorders are typically a low-incidence population in the average caseload of clinicians working within school and general clinic settings. This occurs despite evidence of a fairly high prevalence of childhood voice disorders and the multiple impacts the voice disorder may have on a child's social development, the perception of the child by others, and the child's academic success. There are multiple barriers that affect the identification of children with abnormal vocal qualities and their access to services. These include: the reliance on school personnel, the ability of parents and caretakers to identify abnormal vocal qualities and signs of misuse, the access to specialized medical services for appropriate diagnosis, and treatment planning and issues related to the Speech-Language Pathologists' perception of their skills and competence regarding voice management for pediatric populations. These barriers and possible solutions to them are discussed with perspectives from the school, clinic and university settings.

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