Mobiles and the Self: A Trajectory of Paradigmatic Change

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-53
Author(s):  
Scott W. Campbell ◽  
Edwin (Wenhuan) Wang ◽  
Joseph B. Bayer
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conversational Agents ◽  
Mobile Media ◽  
Paradigmatic Change ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Technology Shifts

This chapter identifies old and new paradigms for how people engage with mobile media and their implications for the self. The first involves talking to distant others, which can divide the self when done around co-present others in public settings. The next paradigm marks a shift from voice conversations to messaging, which can be more easily weaved into the flows of daily life moments and movements. The authors revisit how over time this leads to routinization, to the extent that the technology becomes a deeply embedded part of the self. Finally, the authors identify a paradigm presently gaining momentum with mobile conversational agents (e.g., Siri and Google Assistant), which heralds a return to talking. With this mode of engagement, the technology shifts away from the self to become the “other” as users interact with and not just through it.

Multiple Selves and Multitasking: A Dynamic Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 009365022199149
Author(s):  
Shan Xu ◽  
Zheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Multiple Selves ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Over Time

This study integrates the theory of multiple selves within the theoretical framework of dynamic motivational activation (DMA) to identify the dynamic patterns of multiple self-concepts (i.e., the potential self, the actual self) in multitasking (e.g., primary and secondary activities) in daily life. A three-week experience sampling study was conducted on college students. Dynamic panel modeling results suggest that the self-concepts are both sustaining and shifting in daily activities and media activities. Specifically, the potential and actual selves sustained themselves over time in primary and secondary activities, but they also shifted from one to another to achieve a balance in primary activities over time. Interestingly, secondary activities were not driven by the alternative self-concept in primary activities, but instead, by the emotional experiences of primary activities. Furthermore, the findings identified that multitasking to fulfill their actual self did not motivate people to re-prioritize their potential self later.

Fast Tracks and Inner Journeys: Crafting Portable Selves for Contemporary Careers

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianpiero Petriglieri ◽  
Jennifer Louise Petriglieri ◽  
Jack Denfeld Wood
Keyword(s):  
Process Model ◽  
Cultural Influence ◽  
Business Administration ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Self In Relation ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mobile Working ◽  
Over Time

Through a longitudinal, qualitative study of 55 managers engaged in mobile careers across organizations, industries, and countries, and pursuing a one-year international master’s of business administration (MBA), we build a process model of the crafting of portable selves in temporary identity workspaces. Our findings reveal that contemporary careers in general, and temporary membership in an institution, fuel people’s efforts to craft portable selves: selves endowed with definitions, motives, and abilities that can be deployed across roles and organizations over time. Two pathways for crafting a portable self—one adaptive, the other exploratory—emerged from the interaction of individuals’ aims and concerns with institutional resources and demands. Each pathway involved developing a coherent understanding of the self in relation to others and to the institution that anchored participants to their current organization while preparing them for future ones. The study shows how institutions that host members temporarily can help them craft selves that afford a sense of agentic direction and enduring connection, tempering anxieties and bolstering hopes associated with mobile working lives. It also suggests that institutions serving as identity workspaces for portable selves may remain attractive and extend their cultural influence in an age of workforce mobility.

scholarly journals Comedy and humour: an ethical perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Mehrdad Bidgoli
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Mikhail Bakhtin ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Life World

In this essay, I aim to study comedy and humour from an ethical perspective. My main proposal is that comedy and humour can be understood alternatively in the light of ethics, and in one sense, they actually begin, more effectively, with an ethical sensibility. Effective comedy and humour initiate through an ethical sensibility called “hospitality”; ideally, they are preceded by this ethical openness. I will argue that it is this pre-original ethical hospitality and openness that can give rise to more effective moments of comedy, humour, carnival, festivity and also laughter, opening the Self to the Other in order to be able to enter into a disinterested humorous (dialogic) experience. Hospitality is of prime importance here because it turns out to be part and parcel of comedy as it also underlies the ethics of alterity. I therefore suggest that the thoughts of both Emmanuel Levinas and Mikhail Bakhtin can give rise to a fruitful study of ethics, comedy and humour. I will “reduce” socio-political complexities of our daily life-world to comic moments through Bakhtin, and then expose the reader to a Levinasian simplicity and ethical openness that actually takes place before effective comedy and humour can begin. In this essay, I mainly have literary/critical aims, and to fulfil that aim, I will briefly discuss two Shakespearean works and contextualize my thesis. The matter of studying comedy, humour and ethics in a broader cultural, social and/or philosophical context is open for other thinkers.

scholarly journals Talking Your Self Into It: How and When Accounts Shape Motivation for Action

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Winchester ◽  
Kyle Green
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Theories Of Action ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Over Time

Following Mills (1940), several prominent sociologists have encouraged researchers to analyze actors’ motive talk not as data on the subjective desires that move them to pursue particular ends, but as post hoc accounts oriented toward justifying actions already undertaken. Combining insights from hermeneutic theories of the self and pragmatist theories of action, we develop a theoretical position that challenges dichotomous assumptions about whether motive accounts reflect either justifications or motivations for action, instead illustrating how they can migrate from one status to the other over time. We develop this perspective through a comparativeanalysis of actors’ involvements in two quite different careers of social action – religion and mixed martial arts –documenting both how and when justificatory talk about actors’ motives for initiating a course of action at one point in time became formative of their subjective motivations for sustaining these same courses of action at another.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the role of lie in daily life and Turkish tale type Keloğlan/The Bald-boy in the frame of Other-directedness schema domain

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 967-973
Author(s):  
Özlem Demren ◽  
Bahar Köse Karaca ◽  
Çağdaş Demren
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Schema Theory ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
The People ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Turkish Culture

Tales as an oral narratives gives us some ideas about the perceptions and attitudes of the people in a society. In this paper, we try to get your attention to the Keloğlan as a Turkish tale type who gives us some ideas about the psychological motivations and perceptions in Turkish culture. The Turkish tale hero Keloğlan is a timeless/fitting all-time character who gives clues for today with his personality from past narratives to the present.  In fact, fairy tales set boundaries and offer acceptable models. Actually Keloğlan isn’t really an ideal type but at the end of the tales, we come across with him as a type of winner. He always behaves against obstacles and inequity and he returns an ideal type. Lie is seen as a sympathetic trick in the Keloğlan tales. Keloğlan's lies and tricks are ignored by the society to the extent that he opposes injustice. Based on the Schema theory, we can say that the “other-directedness” schema domain is used in the tales of Keloğlan frequently, but in a way, related with lie. Keloğlan uses lie or manupilation for the reason of “approval seeking”, but as a way of defence against to the “self-subjugation” and “self-sacrifice”. In a sense, Keloğlan, as a Turkish tale type, shows us another aspect of society's approval mechanism.  

Governing urban diversity through myths of national sameness – a comparative analysis of Denmark and Sweden

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina Gudrun Jensen ◽  
Rebecka Söderberg
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
The City ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Urban Diversity

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore problematisations of urban diversity in urban and integration policies in Denmark and Sweden; the paper aims to show how such policies express social imaginaries about the self and the other underlying assumptions of sameness that legitimise diverging ways of managing urban diversity and (re)organising the city.Design/methodology/approachInspired by anthropology of policy and post-structural approaches to policy analysis, the authors approach urban and integration policies as cultural texts that are central to the organisation of cities and societies. With a comparative approach, the authors explore how visions of diversity take shape and develop over time in Swedish and Danish policies on urban development and integration.FindingsSwedish policy constructs productiveness as crucial to the imagined national sameness, whereas Danish policy constructs cultural sameness as fundamental to the national self-image. By constructing the figure of “the unproductive”/“the non-Western” as the other, diverging from an imagined sameness, policies for organising the city through removing and “improving” urban diverse others are legitimised.Originality/valueThe authors add to previous research by focussing on the construction of the self as crucial in processes of othering and by highlighting how both nationalistic and colour-blind policy discourses construct myths of national sameness, which legitimise the governing of urban diversity. The authors highlight and de-naturalise assumptions and categorisations by showing how problem representations differ over time and between two neighbouring countries.

scholarly journals Talking Your Self into It: How and When Accounts Shape Motivation for Action

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Winchester ◽  
Kyle D. Green
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Theoretical Position ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Theories Of Action ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Over Time

Following Mills, several prominent sociologists have encouraged researchers to analyze actors’ motive talk not as data on the subjective desires that move them to pursue particular ends but as post hoc accounts oriented toward justifying actions already undertaken. Combining insights from hermeneutic theories of the self and pragmatist theories of action, we develop a theoretical position that challenges dichotomous assumptions about whether motive accounts reflect either justifications or motivations for action, instead illustrating how they can migrate from one status to the other over time. We develop this perspective through a comparative analysis of actors’ involvements in two quite different careers of social action—religion and mixed martial arts—documenting both how and when justificatory talk about actors’ motives for initiating a course of action at one point in time became formative of their subjective motivations for sustaining these same courses of action at another.

Grandiose and Vulnerable Narcissistic States in Interpersonal Situations

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Edershile ◽  
Aidan G.C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interpersonal Theory ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Large Sample ◽  
Empirical Perspective ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Interpersonal Situations ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Over Time

Clinicians have noted that narcissistic individuals fluctuate over time in their levels of grandiosity and vulnerability. However, these fluctuations remain poorly understood from an empirical perspective. Interpersonal theory asserts that interpersonal situations are central to the expression of personality and psychopathology, and therefore are a key context in which to understand state narcissism’s dynamic processes. The present study is the first to examine state narcissism assessed during interpersonal situations. Specifically, perceptions of others’ warmth and dominance, momentary grandiosity and vulnerability, and one’s own warm and dominant behavior were assessed across situations in daily life in a large sample (person N=286; occasion N=6,837). Results revealed that more grandiose individuals perceived others as colder and behaved in a more dominant and cold fashion, on average. But in the moment, relatively higher grandiosity was associated with perceiving others as warmer and more submissive and resulted in more dominant and warm behavior. On the other hand, trait vulnerability was associated with perceptions of coldness and cold behavior, and these effects were only amplified in momentary spikes of vulnerability. This study provides much needed insight into the contexts that contribute to fluctuations in grandiosity and vulnerability.

Providing Freshmen with a Good “Starting-Block”

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikaël De Clercq ◽  
Charlotte Michel ◽  
Sophie Remy ◽  
Benoît Galand
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Student Adjustment ◽  
Social Psychological ◽  
Pivotal Phase ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Study Task ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Belonging ◽  
Intention To Persist

Abstract. Grounded in social-psychological literature, this experimental study assessed the effects of two so-called “wise” interventions implemented in a student study program. The interventions took place during the very first week at university, a presumed pivotal phase of transition. A group of 375 freshmen in psychology were randomly assigned to three conditions: control, social belonging, and self-affirmation. Following the intervention, students in the social-belonging condition expressed less social apprehension, a higher social integration, and a stronger intention to persist one month later than the other participants. They also relied more on peers as a source of support when confronted with a study task. Students in the self-affirmation condition felt more self-affirmed at the end of the intervention but didn’t benefit from other lasting effects. The results suggest that some well-timed and well-targeted “wise” interventions could provide lasting positive consequences for student adjustment. The respective merits of social-belonging and self-affirmation interventions are also discussed.

Emotional Variability Predicts Tiredness in Daily Life

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aire Mill ◽  
Anu Realo ◽  
Jüri Allik
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Experience Sampling Method ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Intraindividual Variability ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Over Time

Abstract. Intraindividual variability, along with the more frequently studied between-person variability, has been argued to be one of the basic building blocks of emotional experience. The aim of the current study is to examine whether intraindividual variability in affect predicts tiredness in daily life. Intraindividual variability in affect was studied with the experience sampling method in a group of 110 participants (aged between 19 and 84 years) during 14 consecutive days on seven randomly determined occasions per day. The results suggest that affect variability is a stable construct over time and situations. Our findings also demonstrate that intraindividual variability in affect has a unique role in predicting increased levels of tiredness at the momentary level as well at the level of individuals.

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