Multiple Selves and Multitasking: A Dynamic Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 009365022199149
Author(s):  
Shan Xu ◽  
Zheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Multiple Selves ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Over Time

This study integrates the theory of multiple selves within the theoretical framework of dynamic motivational activation (DMA) to identify the dynamic patterns of multiple self-concepts (i.e., the potential self, the actual self) in multitasking (e.g., primary and secondary activities) in daily life. A three-week experience sampling study was conducted on college students. Dynamic panel modeling results suggest that the self-concepts are both sustaining and shifting in daily activities and media activities. Specifically, the potential and actual selves sustained themselves over time in primary and secondary activities, but they also shifted from one to another to achieve a balance in primary activities over time. Interestingly, secondary activities were not driven by the alternative self-concept in primary activities, but instead, by the emotional experiences of primary activities. Furthermore, the findings identified that multitasking to fulfill their actual self did not motivate people to re-prioritize their potential self later.

Self-Concept of College Students: Empirical Evidence from an Asian Setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Jonah C. Balba ◽  
Manuel E. Cainigcoy
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Emotional Adjustment ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Guidance Services ◽  
Bachelor Of Science ◽  
High Level

Individuals with high self-concept will likely have high life satisfaction, they easily get adjusted to life, and they communicate their feeling more appropriately. However, it was not certain whether self-concept would decline or improve as individuals age, or whether self-concept would vary between genders and ethnic groups.  To prove, a study was carried out to compare the self-concept of college students in an Asian context. The inquiry utilized the cross-sectional design in finding out significant differences in the self-concept of participants in terms of age, gender, and ethnicity. A 22-item questionnaire was adapted and administered to 222 Bachelor of Public Administration and Bachelor of Science in Business Administration students from the satellite campus of Bukidnon State University in the Philippines. Initially, a sample was randomly drawn from the population. During the actual data collection, the researchers had difficulty getting the responses from the randomly selected individuals due to internet connection and it was done amidst a pandemic. Instead, it took all responses from those who were available, have access to the internet, and could accomplish the google forms. The data were analyzed using Mean, Standard Deviation, T-test for independent sample, ANOVA and Post Hoc test. The results revealed that college students at the locale have a high level of self-concept in self-fulfilment, emotional adjustment, and honesty. Yet, they only had a moderate level of self-concept in autonomy. Further, there were significant differences in college students’ autonomy and honesty in terms of age and gender. Furthermore, there were significant differences in their emotional adjustment and self-fulfilment as to their ethnicity. The results have implications for instruction, administration, guidance services, and future research.

How Personal Theories of the Self Shape Beliefs about Personal Continuity and Transformative Experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-72
Author(s):  
Sarah Molouki ◽  
Stephanie Y. Chen ◽  
Oleg Urminsky ◽  
Daniel M. Bartels
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Personal Change ◽  
Transformative Experience ◽  
Transformative Experiences ◽  
Over Time

This chapter summarizes experimental work exploring how individual beliefs about the personally disruptive character of transformative experiences are influenced by intuitive theories of what a self fundamentally is, at the current moment and over time. Judgments of disrupted personal identity are influenced by views of the causal centrality of a transformed trait to a person’s self-concept, with changes in more central features perceived as more disruptive to self-continuity. Furthermore, the type of change matters: unexpected or undesirable changes to personal features are viewed as more disruptive to self-continuity than changes that are consistent with a person’s expected developmental trajectory. The degree to which an individual considers a particular personal change to be disruptive will affect how he or she makes decisions about, reacts to, and copes with this experience.

scholarly journals Perfectionistic self-presentation and emotional experiences in music students: A three-wave longitudinal study

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-776
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Hill ◽  
Karen Burland ◽  
Elaine C. King ◽  
Stephanie E. Pitts
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Music Students ◽  
Degree Programs ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Positive Feelings ◽  
Negative Feelings ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Over Time

Research has shown that perfectionism predicts emotional experiences among amateur, professional and adolescent musicians. In examining these relationships, previous research has measured trait perfectionism and employed cross-sectional designs. The current study builds on existing research by examining whether perfectionistic self-presentation (as opposed to trait perfectionism) predicts negative and positive emotional experiences in music students over time. One hundred and forty-three music students ( M age 18.92 years, SD = 2.96) enrolled in music-related degree programs completed measures of perfectionistic self-presentation (perfectionistic self-promotion, non-display of imperfection, and non-disclosure of imperfection) and emotional experiences (positive and negative feelings) at the start, middle and the end of the academic year. Path analysis revealed that perfectionistic self-promotion at the start of the year predicted lower positive feelings in the middle of the year, and non-disclosure of imperfection in the middle of the year predicted lower positive feelings at the end of the year. In addition, negative feelings in the middle of the year also predicted higher non-disclosure of imperfection at the end of the year. The findings suggest that the desire to present oneself perfectly and avoid disclosure of imperfections may contribute to less positive emotional experiences among music students.

Masculinity-Femininity and Self-Concept

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Vytautas J. Bieliauskas ◽  
Richard H. Mikesell
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Male College ◽  
Completion Test ◽  
Sexual Identification ◽  
Male College Students ◽  
Tennessee Self Concept Scale

101 male college students were administered the Franck Drawing Completion Test and Tennessee Self-concept Scale to determine to what degree the self-concept and sexual identification are related. It was hypothesized that individuals with clearer sexual identification have more positive self-concepts. The results did not support the hypothesis, because the correlations were nonsignificant. The reasons were evaluated, among which the possibility that the self-concept scale lacks validity was given a more prominent consideration.

scholarly journals The Persistence of Slowed Time Experience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Two Longitudinal Studies in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Droit-Volet ◽  
Natalia Martinelli ◽  
Johann Chevalère ◽  
Clément Belletier ◽  
Guillaume Dezecache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Depressive State ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Flow Of Time ◽  
Perception Of Time ◽  
Normal Perception ◽  
Over Time

The home confinement imposed on people to fight the COVID-19 pandemic interrupted the flow of time by disrupting daily life, making them feel that time was passing slowly. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the evolution over time of this subjective experience of time and its significant predictors (boredom, decreased happiness, life rhythm, and sleep quality). Twso samples of French participants were followed up: the first for several weeks during the first lockdown (April 2020) and then 1year later (April 2021; Study 1), and the second during the first lockdown (April 2020) and then 6months (November 2020) and 1year later (April 2021; Study 2). Our study shows that the French participants have the feeling that time has passed slowly since the beginning of the first lockdown and that it has not resumed its normal course. This is explained by a persistent feeling of boredom characteristic of a depressive state that has taken hold in the population. The findings therefore suggest that the repeated contexts of confinement did not contribute to re-establishing a normal perception of time, to which a subjective acceleration of time would have testified.

scholarly journals Dyadic Successful Aging and the Limits of Agency

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 755-755
Author(s):  
Markus Klingel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The Self ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Dyadic Satisfaction ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Over Time

Abstract With increasing life expectancy, late life has become a longer, crucial part of the individual and dyadic life course. New opportunities, tasks and decisions emerged. Successful aging norms emphasize agency and autonomy. This can be activating, but also alienating. With increasing constraints, agency is limited and ideals of autonomy become dysfunctional. This challenges also relationships. Aging, functional losses and approaching death threaten dyadic satisfaction and functionality. Potentially, successful aging norms could erode dyadic solidarity when needed the most: in late life. This mixed-methods longitudinal study combines interviews and questionnaires at three observations across five years. Its focus lies on change over time and findings at observation three. The sample consists of eight German couples (78-86 years old, 50-65 years married, high relationship satisfaction, white, urban). What does aging mean for individualized actors? How do aging couples negotiate, decide and act on aging, autonomy and death? How do successful aging norms modulate dyadic aging? Overall, actors have internalized successful aging and benefit by influencing their health positively. However, this has become ambivalent. Actors increasingly perceive their future as limited and beyond individual control. Acceptance of losses that challenge the self is difficult, autonomy ideals burdensome and death salient. As individual agency is constrained, the dyad is still a functional stronghold against aging. Yet, it has to adapt as well to – potentially differential - individual aging. Losses can and do threaten couples’ functional and emotional unity. Four patterns of self-dyad dynamics emerged and exemplify tensions between individualized and dyadic successful aging.

scholarly journals PENGARUH KONSEP DIRI TERHADAP PERILAKU BULLYING PADA MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS X

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
FELLIANTI MUZDALIFAH ◽  
HAFIZ BIMO AFRIYANTO
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
College Student ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Hypothesis Test ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Bullying Behavior ◽  
Research Show

This research aims to find out the influence of self-concepts towards bullying behavior among college student in “X” University. The dependent variable in this study was bullying and independent variable in this study was the self concept.This research uses quantitative methods, data were obtained by using a questionnaire. William h. Fitts (1965), whereas the scale of bullying refers to the theory of Participant Questionnaire (PRQ) Role of Salmivalli (1996). Data processing using Rasch modeling with the help of winstep version 3.73 and hypothesis test using the SPSS version 16.0. The participants of this research were 71 college students in “X” University. This research using a nonprobability sampling. The results of this research show that there was negative influences between self-concept toward bulying behavior of 23% and the remaining 77% influenced by other factors.

Depression and Derailment: A Cyclical Model of Mental Illness and Perceived Identity Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaylin Ratner ◽  
Jane Mendle ◽  
Anthony L. Burrow ◽  
Felix Thoemmes
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Identity Change ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Over Time

We investigated reciprocity between depressive symptoms and a novel construct called derailment, which indexes perceived changes in identity and self-direction. People who are “derailed” have trouble reconciling how their life course has unfolded over time and, as a result, do not easily identify with their former self. College students ( N = 939) participated in a preregistered, four-wave longitudinal study over one academic year. Depression positively predicted subsequent derailment across all components of the model, suggesting that perceived disruptions in life course may occur in response to elevated depressive symptoms. Contrary to predictions, derailment negatively predicted later depression across most waves, indicating that felt changes in identity and self-direction could buffer against downstream mood deteriorations. Although our findings did not support reciprocity, prospective evidence that perceived instability of identity and self-direction relate to an increase in depressive symptoms positions derailment as a new and potentially important facet of the depressive phenotype.

A Course in Religious Community and its Effects on Self-Concept

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Galligan-Stierle ◽  
Harvey M. Rapp
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Christian Community ◽  
Class Room ◽  
Experimental Group

The present study investigated the effects of a course in religious community on the self-concept of college students. The experimental group (n=10) participated in a four week minimester course entitled “Experiences in Christian Community.” In addition to class room instruction, this course contained a seven-day off-campus religious community experience involving encounter group sessions, group discussions, prayer sessions, recreation, and household tasks. Students in the control group (n=9) concurrently attended the course, “Biology and Science Fiction.” Tennessee Self Concept Scale results indicated that the experimental group showed significant increases from the beginning to the end of the course in the following self-concept scores: Moral-Ethical (p<.013). Identity (p<.015), and Total P (p< .012). These results suggest that a course involving experiences in religious community can facilitate a positive change in the self-concept of college students.

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