Science Parks and High-Tech Zones

2021 ◽  
pp. 336-353
Author(s):  
Susan M. Walcott
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Technology ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Research Institution ◽  
Development Institution

Science parks were envisioned as an economic development institution from their inception, designed to provide employment that is particularly geared toward a highly educated labor force. Funds generally come from government sources at the early stage. The intention of science park development is to jump-start businesses that could benefit from research generated by a nearby university or research institution. This chapter reviews the development of science parks and high-technology zones in China with a focus on their impact on regional and national innovation. Discussion includes the industrial and technological focus of such zones, the relevance of specialization, and issues of effective implementation.

Methodological Aspects of Modeling Concept Value Assessment of Live Cycles in the Assessment Activities in the Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Kirill Yu. Kulakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Cost

The article discusses the subject of research, focused on the study of the transformation processes of the valuation methodology, focused on the effective management of sustainable and breakthrough socio-economic development by ensuring the effective implementation of National projects using the results of the value management genesis in valuation activities based on the use of the concept of cost-based life cycle assessment The relevance of this study is determined by the importance of solving the national economic problem of the need to ensure the launch of innovative high-tech investment cycles for the development of industries, enterprises and investment projects based on the formation of an updated methodological base for valuation activities. Moreover, it is proposed to use the model of formalizing the processes of valuation and cost and cost management in economic systems based on the life cycles of goods, products and works as the main evaluative ideology. The aim of the study is to develop a set of relevant methodological proposals for modeling the concepts of valuation of life cycles in the valuation of Russia in order to ensure its transformation that is sufficient for cost management of sustainable and breakthrough socio-economic development of the country through ensuring the effective implementation of national projects. The object of the study is the development of theoretical principles and conceptual approaches for modeling the methodological foundations of valuing and managing the life cycles of goods and products in the process of implementing national projects based on minimizing the cost of their life cycles, life cycle contracts, total costs and the cost of ownership of life cycles. As applied research methods, a comprehensive approach was used, based on analysis and synthesis, logical analysis, expert approach, methods of economic and mathematical modeling and forecasting.

EVALUATING INNOVATION CAPABILITIES FOR SCIENCE PARKS: A SYSTEM MODEL / MOKSLO IR TECHNOLOGIJŲ PARKŲ INOVACINIO PAJĖGUMO ĮVERTINIMAS: SISTEMOS MODELIS

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saixing Zeng ◽  
Xuemei Xie ◽  
Chiming Tam
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Continuous Innovation ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Growth Of Knowledge ◽  
Innovation Support

Science parks have played an important role in promoting innovation, entrepreneur‐ship, growth of knowledge‐based companies and in turn economic growth within their regions. In this paper, an evaluation system for measuring innovation capability for science parks has been developed, including Innovation Organization Sub‐System (IOSS, mainly for high‐tech firms), Innovation Support Sub‐System (ISSS, e.g., technology intermediaries) and Innovation Environmental Sub‐Systems (IESS). Based on the empirical study on Qingdao Science Park (1994–2008), this paper has demonstrated the use of the system for evaluation and measurement of innovation capabilities for a science park. The findings reveal that the evolution law explained by the evaluation system fitted with three components is consistent with the actual evolution process of the Qingdao Science Park. It confirms that this evaluation system bears a good explanatory power for the development of Science Park. In addition, recommendations to improve the capabilities of continuous innovation for science parks are also given. Santrauka Mokslo ir technologijų parkai yra labai svarbūs diegiant naujovęs, skatinant verslumą ir žiniomis gristų bendrovių augima. Tai savo ruožtų skatina ekonominį regionų augimą. Šiame straipsnyje aprašoma sukurta mokslo ir technologiju parkų inovacinio pajėgumo įvertinimo sistema, kurioje yra organizacijos inovacijų posistemis (skirtas daugiausia aukštųjų technologijų įmonėms), inovacijų paramos posistemis (skirtas, pavyzdžiui, technologijų platintojams) ir inovacijų aplinkos posistemis. Minėta įvertinimo sistema buvo pritaikyta remiantis Qingdao mokslo ir technologijų parko (1994–2008) empirine tyrimo studija. Išvados rodo, kad inovacinio pajėgumo tyrimo įvertinimo sistema pagal tris komponentus atitinka faktine Qingdao mokslo ir technologijų parko raidą. Tai patvirtina įvertinimo sistemos naudingumą vertinant mokslo ir technologijų parkų plėtra. Straipsnyje pateikiamos rekomendacijos, kaip pagerinti naujovių diegimą mokslo ir technologijų parkuose.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Sustainable Development in Six Transformation Fields of the Central Taiwan Science Park

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4336
Author(s):  
Fu-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Hao-Ren Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Industrial Clusters ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Central Taiwan

By the establishment of science parks, Taiwan has achieved the ability to form high-tech industrial clusters and provided an environment for sustainable industrial development. This study analyzes the sustainable development strategy of the Central Taiwan Science Park (hereafter CTSP). The questions addressed here include: (1) What is the concept of sustainable development in the CTSP? and (2) How does the research respond to the debate on the significance of the CTSP? The research data have been collected using interviews and observation. According to the literature, eight criteria are identified and set up as a framework to code and analyze the data: “natural resources, accessibility regulatory regime, market demand, development level, proximity condition, parcel conditions, and financial compensation”. The framework is then used for evaluating the sustainability of science parks in the light of 17 core goals proposed by the United Nations as Sustainable Development Goals/SDGs for the world. Evaluation of these core goals in the CTSP development revealed the successful transformation of Taiwan’s political and economic structure. In this study, the analysis of the sustainable development generated by the science parks indicates Taiwan’s transition from state leadership (strong state, weak society) to state guidance (strong state, strong society). However, despite its contribution to the long-term development of Taiwan’s economy, the CTSP development has been accompanied by environmental downsides, risking the sustainability goals. In conclusion, the state’s role in making CTSP successful and sustainable, the determining role of regulatory regimes, and moving from state leadership to state guidance are emphasized.

scholarly journals High-tech utopianism: Chinese and Indian science parks in the neo-liberal turn

BJHS Themes ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 221-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIGANTA DAS ◽  
TONG LAM
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Science Research ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Social Betterment ◽  
Contemporary Science ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cold War

AbstractScience park developments have become ubiquitous in China and India in recent decades as both countries integrate further into the global economy. These exclusive high-tech spaces prioritize the partnership between industry, research and the government as a desirable mode of urbanization, economic growth and knowledge production. Contrary to the older form of industrial zone associated with big science and big industry for national mobilization during the Cold War, contemporary science parks constitute a network of global spaces that are designed to facilitate the circulation of technology, personnel and capital in the neo-liberal world. Similarly, science parks are closely linked to innovation, entrepreneurship and social exclusion rather than the collective social betterment. As utopian machines for the privileged, these exclusive spaces are about consumption, desire, hedging and speculation as much as about science, research and production.

Science park, a high tech fantasy?: an analysis of the science parks of Greece

Technovation ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiannis L Bakouros ◽  
Dimitri C Mardas ◽  
Nikos C Varsakelis
Keyword(s):  
High Tech ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Of Greece

scholarly journals The Expectations of Businesses Settled in a Science Park

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Yan Castonguay ◽  
Samuel Saint-Yves-Durand ◽  
Rhizlane Hamouti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Constructivist Approach ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
New Business ◽  
Growth Of Knowledge ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Do So

Science parks are created to support the development and growth of knowledge-based businesses and to foster the economic development of a region. Based on an exploratory qualitative study, this research project aims, firstly, to understand the expectations of businesses established in science parks, which is not very well documented in the literature and, secondly, to highlight the motivations of a business to settle in a science park. In order to do so, the research is based on a constructivist approach. Twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted between September 2016 and April 2017 with managers of organizations established in seven science parks in the province of Quebec, Canada. The analysis these interviews identified six major motivations of businesses to settle in a science park. It also revealed eleven major expectations of the science park's contributions for a business established. As a contribution, this research provides some recommendations not only for the managers of science parks, but also for the managers of businesses who want to be established in a science park. This research provides insights for science park managers about the incentives to set up to attract new business and about the support to provide for the business established in a science park in their development.

scholarly journals Value Added Contributions of Science Parks—the Case of the Barcelona Scientific Park

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier M. Triadó-Ivern ◽  
Pilar Aparicio-Chueca ◽  
Natalia Jaría-Chacón
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Science Parks ◽  
Science Park ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Creation

Science parks are institutions that support the creation and development of high technology-based companies. They are designed to provide value-added services together with high-quality space and facilities and to promote interaction amongst universities, R&D institutions, companies, and markets. Although Spain is among the countries that have been investing heavily in these institutions, there is lack of feedback from the tenant companies’ perspective with respect to the value added that they receive from science parks. The objective of this study is to evaluate the services that the Barcelona Science Park offers to its tenants by gathering information from the companies currently located in the park and those that have graduated. By comparing the results obtained from the two groups of companies, incubated and graduated, we examine whether the opinions differ about their appreciation of the services that they benefited from during their stay in the Park than those currently remaining.

Artificial Intelligence as a Technological Innovation to Accelerate Economic Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
S. V. Shchurina ◽  
A. S. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
The Government

The subject of the research is the introduction of artificial intelligence as a technological innovation into the Russian economic development. The relevance of the problem is due to the fact that the Russian market of artificial intelligence is still in the infancy and the necessity to bridge the current technological gap between Russia and the leading economies of the world is coming to the forefront. The financial sector, the manufacturing industry and the retail trade are the drivers of the artificial intelligence development. However, company managers in Russia are not prepared for the practical application of expensive artificial intelligence technologies. Under these circumstances, the challenge is to develop measures to support high-tech projects of small and medium-sized businesses, given that the technological innovation considered can accelerate the development of the Russian economy in the energy sector fully or partially controlled by the government as well as in the military-industrial complex and the judicial system.The purposes of the research were to examine the current state of technological innovations in the field of artificial intelligence in the leading countries and Russia and develop proposals for improving the AI application in the Russian practices.The paper concludes that the artificial intelligence is a breakthrough technology with a great application potential. Active promotion of the artificial intelligence in companies significantly increases their efficiency, competitiveness, develops industry markets, stimulates introduction of new technologies, improves product quality and scales up manufacturing. In general, the artificial intelligence gives a new impetus to the development of Russia and facilitates its entry into the five largest world’s economies.

Human potential in the system of social and economic development: problems and prospects of Vinnytsia region

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Olesya Tomchuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Social And Economic Development

The article highlights the problems and prospects of human development, which is the basis for the long-term strategies of social and economic growth of different countries and regions at the present stage. Submitting strategies of this type provides an opportunity to focus on individual empowerment and to build a favorable environment for effective management decisions in the field of forming, maintaining, and restoring human potential. The analysis of the Vinnytsia region human potential dynamics in the regional system of social and economic development factors was carried out. Application of generalized assessment of the regional human development index components allowed the identification of the main trends that characterize the formation of human potential of the territory, including the reproduction of the population, social environment, comfort and quality of life, well-being, decent work, and education. The article emphasizes that despite some positive changes in the social and economic situation of the region and in assessing the parameters of its human development level relative to other regions of Ukraine, Vinnytsia region is now losing its human potential due to negative demographic situation and migration to other regions and countries. The main reason for such dynamics is proven to be related to the outdated structure of the region's economy, the predominance of the agricultural sector, the lack of progressive transformations in the development of high-tech fields of the economy. An important factor is the low level of urbanization of the region, which leads to the spread of less attractive working conditions and less comfortable living conditions. The key factors that cause the growth of urbanization in the region have been identified, including the significant positive impact of the transport and social infrastructure expansion, the lack of which in rural areas leads to a decrease in the level and comfort of life. Without progressive structural changes in the economy and the resettlement system, the loss of human potential will continue.

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