Politics as a Process Structured in Space and Time

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter A. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Political Action ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Institutional Analysis ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Structures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

Historical institutionalism embraces models of the polity that acknowledge the impact on political action of the social, economic and political structures in which actors are embedded at particular times and places. In addition to examining how events affect the immediate outcome of interest, it considers how they restructure the institutional or ideological setting so as to condition outcomes at later periods in time. Through a comparison with alternative modes of analysis, this chapter outlines what it means to see politics as a structured process. Taking up the problem of plasticity raised by a second wave of historical institutional analysis, it considers how institutions might be dependent on social coalitions but still factors structuring politics by virtue of how they sustain those coalitions.

scholarly journals Финансијска конкурентност прерађивачке индустрије Републике Српске // Financial competitiveness of manufacturing industry in the Republic of Srpska

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Саша Вученовић ◽  
Милан Граховац
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Production ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Financial Position ◽  
Physical Volume ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave ◽  
Financial Competitiveness

Резиме: Конкурентност индустрије подразумијева њену зарађивачку способност у односу на друге индустрије у истој или другим земљама, односно њену способност привлачења инвестиција и прилагођавања друштвено економским условима. Република Српска је у 2012. години забиљежила пад укупне индустријске производње од 4,2% у односу на исти период претходне године, што указује на утицај другог таласа свјетске економске кризе. Прерађивачка индустрија у 2012. години забиљежила је пад физичког обима индустријске производње од -4,8 % у односу на 2011. годину. У прерађивачкој индустрији Републике Српске у периоду 2010-2012. година дошло је до смањење капитала и раста обавеза предузећа, односно погоршања финансијског положаја предузећа прерађивачке индустрије. Приносни положај предузећа у прерађивачкој индустрији Републике Српске у периоди 2010-2012. је погоршан а  остварени нето губитак по годинама износи 169,37, 180,10 и 199,67 милиона КМ респективно, што доказује пад њене финансијске конкурентности.Кључне ријечи: конкурентност, национална економија, индустријска грана, предузеће модел, финансијски показатељи, прерађивачка индустрија.Summary: The competitiveness of the industry implies its earning potential compared to other industries in the same country or compared to the other countries. It is the ability of industry to attract investment and adapting to the social economic conditions. In the Republic of Srpska for 2012 overall industrial production decreased by 4.2% compared to the 2011, indicating the impact of the second wave of the global economic crisis. Manufacturing industry in 2012 recorded a decline in the physical volume of industrial production by 4.8% compared to the 2011. In the manufacturing industry of the Republic of Srpska for period 2010 - 2012 there has been a decrease of capital and increase of the company’s liabilities, in other words weakening of the financial position for companies in manufacturing industry. Capacity for generating income in the manufacturing industry of the Republic of Srpska in the period 2010 - 2012 is deteriorated and realized net loss amounted 169.37, 180.10 and 199.67 million BAM, respectively, which proves the decrease of its financial competitiveness.

ON THE REGIME OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC IN RUSSIA AND ITS IMPACT UPON THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX, INCLUDING IN EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC SPHERES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svetlana Punanova ◽  
Mikhail Rodkin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Energy Complex ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Modernization ◽  
Mode Of Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regions Of Russia

The mode of development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and the impact of the epidemic on the areas of scientific research, education and functioning of the fuel and energy complex are discussed. The official statistics revealed evidence both of effectivity of the taken anti-epidemic measures in Moscow and of possible cases of incorrectness of statistical data. The social situation and the mode of development of the epidemic in Moscow and in the regions of Russia are essentially different, that reduces the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures introduced uniformly throughout the whole country. The conditions of the pandemic and quarantine are difficult for everyone, but organizations and persons with a more modern informational character of production adapt to them more easily. In general, it can be suggested that the epidemic besides the very essential losses gives an important impulse for social-economic and political modernization of the society.

Marital Satisfaction of Portuguese Families in Times of Social Lockdown

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110098
Author(s):  
Carla Sílvia Fernandes ◽  
Bruno Magalhães ◽  
Sílvia Silva ◽  
Beatriz Edra
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marital Relations ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Global Threat ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a global threat and crisis situation, and its wide-reaching impact has also affected marital satisfaction. Dysfunction of the marital system puts the survival of the family unit at risk. This research aimed to determine the level of marital satisfaction of Portuguese families during the social lockdown and the association between the variables under study. A descriptive, exploratory study was conducted. During the social lockdown, 276 people of Portuguese nationality and residing in Portugal were recruited using nonprobabilistic convenience sampling. Marital satisfaction in the pandemic phase showed low values that may be associated with the social, economic, and political context experienced by the pandemic situation. Future research must be carried out in order to identify, prevent, and intervene in situations of violence. In addition, future research should explore not only marital satisfaction during the current pandemic but a more systemic assessment of marital relations during crises, expanding the impact of marital satisfaction in family functioning.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Inequalities: Individual and Area Socioeconomic Factors (Aragón, Spain)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6607
Author(s):  
Isabel Aguilar-Palacio ◽  
Lina Maldonado ◽  
Sara Malo ◽  
Raquel Sánchez-Recio ◽  
Iván Marcos-Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Deprivation Level ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Second Wave

It is essential to understand the impact of social inequalities on the risk of COVID-19 infection in order to mitigate the social consequences of the pandemic. With this aim, the objective of our study was to analyze the effect of socioeconomic inequalities, both at the individual and area of residence levels, on the probability of COVID-19 confirmed infection, and its variations across three pandemic waves. We conducted a retrospective cohort study and included data from all individuals tested for COVID-19 during the three waves of the pandemic, from March to December 2020 (357,989 individuals) in Aragón (Spain). We studied the effect of inequalities on the risk of having a COVID-19 confirmed diagnosis after being tested using multilevel analyses with two levels of aggregation: individuals and basic healthcare area of residence (deprivation level and type of zone). Inequalities in the risk of COVID-19 confirmed infection were observed at both the individual and area level. There was a predominance of low-paid employees living in deprived areas. Workers with low salaries, unemployed and people on minimum integration income or who no longer receive the unemployment allowance, had a higher probability of COVID-19 infection than workers with salaries ≥ €18,000 per year. Inequalities were greater in women and in the second wave. The deprivation level of areas of residence influenced the risk of COVID-19 infection, especially in the second wave. It is necessary to develop individual and area coordinated measures by areas in the control, diagnosis and treatment of the epidemic, in order to avoid an increase in the already existing inequalities.

FINANCIAL SYSTEM RISKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
S. E. Demidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Financial System ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
The Public ◽  
Systemic Risks ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Government interference in the social-economic processes through the implementation of anti-crisis measures and fiscal expansion holds the embodiment of financial risks for economic entities. As a result, government debt and budget gaps at the continuing drop of real disposable household income and companies’ profitability grow. Over a long-term horizon, the decisions made can cause a financial system misbalance and new risk generation, including systemic risks in the sphere of public finance. The author carries out the theoretical research of financial system risks, which can result in a decrease in the system stability in general. The study determines that there is no single theoretical concept of financial risks of the public sector. Within the research, the author analyzed the approaches to systemic risks in various economic sectors and decomposed systemic risk of the public finance sphere. The study specified global factors of influence on the financial system stability, determined the impact factors and common fiscal limitations considering the needs in the execution of state obligations. The pandemic factor – COVID-19 spread is highlighted as an exogenous factor of impact on the formation of financial system misbalances. The main threat to the financial system stability considered in terms of the functional-institutional approach is the deficiency of economic entities’ liquidity. Unprecedented budgetary measures of anti-crisis financial regulation, the deferred impact – tax preferences, and monetary measures had an immediate influence on the liquidity volume during the implementation of anti-COVID activities. Tools of budgetary monitoring, budget expenditures reviews, tax expenditures reviews, and budget consolidation ensure the budget mechanism flexibility. Factors producing financial system risks and the selected measures of state regulation will set the trends for the social-economic development of the country in the coming years.

Force fields of the modern

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Poddar
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Force Fields ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Contemporary Theory ◽  
Western Modernity ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Levels

The essentially contested notion of the modern, and its cognate form “modernity,” have a long intellectual history. The emergence and dissemination of the idea of Western modernity was sometimes forcibly imposed, sometimes partially accepted, and sometimes resisted at different levels around the globe. Recent thinking has produced qualifiers and prefixes such as “unfinished,” “post-,” “late,” “inevitable,” “contra-,” “alternative,” or “differential” in relation to modernity, to signal the striations in approaches, interpretations, and positionings towards what is seen as an umbrella term to describe the various possibilities that can be brought to bear while considering contentions in contemporary theory and praxis. The social, economic, political, and cultural dimensions of this field of forces are integral to any thinking about the symbolic contestation of power in multifarious re-imaginings. This article charts this field mainly by looking at the colonial and postcolonial interventions that have impacted and continue to the present day to effect and inflect cultures and societies, including pressing questions of climate change and cyberspace. Sections are sorted under the following sub-headings: “The vortex of the modern;” “Subaltern bodies, subversive minds;” “Communication and colonization: Re-inventing space and time;” “Borderlands, migrations, identities;” and “Contesting and controlling cyberspace.”

scholarly journals DAMPAK PERUSAHAAN KELAPA SAWIT TERHADAP KONDISI SOSIAL EKONOMI MASYARAKAT (Studi Kasus PT. Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri di Desa Loleng Kecamatan Kota Bangun Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara) (The Impact of Oil Palm Company on Social Economic Condition of Community (Case Study PT. Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri in Loleng Village Kota Bangun Subdistrict Kutai Kartanegara District))

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
ULVA NUR HIDAYAH ◽  
NIKE WIDURI ◽  
SYARIFAH MARYAM
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Economic Condition ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
The Impact

The establishment of oil palm companies let impact on society.  The purpose of this study was to know the social and economic impact of  the establishment of oil palm company on the community. This research was conducted from May to July 2019 in Loleng Village, Kota Bangun District, Kutai Kartanegara District. Oil palm company exists in there namely PT. Prima Mitrajaya Mandiri.  Number of respondents was as many as 44 respondents divided into two parts, namely 22 respondents are residing close to the company and 22 respondents are living far away from the company. The method of data analysis that used was descriptive analysis. The research results showed that oil palm company let  positive impact on the community who live near to the company. The establishment of  company opens employment opportunities,  increases people's living standards, and opens business opportunities.   The company gives many help for community lives near the company such as financial assistance to orphans, school repair assistance, and road repair assistance. People who live far away from the company  did not have the positive impact.

The Effects of the Westward Movement on California's Growth and Development, 1900–1920

1969 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-35
Author(s):  
Frank L. Beach
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
United States Population ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Westward Movement ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Internal migration is a growing social phenomenon of today's America: a third of the United States population live in a different state from the one in which they have been born. This, however, has been a constant aspect of the American experience. The author of the present essay analyzes in an historical perspective the growth of California from 1900–1920 under the impact of the westward movement. The social, economic and political implications of the California development are the main features of this paper.

A Century of Selective Ignorance: Poland 1918–2018

Slavic Review ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-662
Author(s):  
Maciej Górny
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
East Central Europe ◽  
East Central ◽  
State Apparatus ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Turmoil

The article identifies some of the rarely recalled phenomena accompanying Poland's path towards independence. First is the level of economic, cultural, and everyday integration with imperial centers. Second is the growing intensity of interethnic strife. Third, the social turmoil, at times bordering on popular revolt, started in 1917 and lasted long after 1918. Fourth is the large-scale economic transformation and deprivations that this transformation brought about. Finally is the general longing for restoring law and order, a feeling that facilitated actions by minor groups of nationalists capable of creating at least a rudimentary state apparatus. None of the newly-created states of east central Europe was a result of consequent political action. Rather, they came into existence out of the interplay of social, economic, and cultural factors.

scholarly journals Integrating GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process to Determine Flood Vulnerability Level in Surabaya, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 936 (1) ◽  
pp. 012036
Author(s):  
Nurwatik ◽  
A B Cahyono ◽  
A O Rachmandafitri
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Hierarchy Process ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
National Disaster ◽  
Inundation Height ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Flood Vulnerability Assessment

Abstract Flood is one of the hydrometeorological disasters that occur in Surabaya, especially during the rainy season. The occurrence of floods brings a huge impact on the economy, the environment, and humans’ losses. Based on the National Disaster Management Agency in Indonesia (BNPB) records, the flood inundation height in Surabaya reach about 10 -70 cm for 6 hours. Some anticipation efforts are required to minimize the impact. Therefore, this study aims to provide a flood vulnerability level assessment using the GIS and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method as a priority recommendation in increasing capacity. This research uses 4 criteria in the assessment including social, economic, physical, and environmental. Each criterion is divided into several classes with adjusted scoring values. The results of the AHP rank the social criteria as the highest weighted value of 0.42322. Furthermore, the results of the flood vulnerability assessment yield some areas that have the highest vulnerability value including Trengilismejoyo District, Wonocolo District, Dukuhpakis District, Sukolilo District, Krembangan District, Semampir District, and Benowo District.

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