scholarly journals Study of Serum Chemerin in Patients of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Relation to Insulin Resistance

QJM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M R Halawa ◽  
R S Abdelbaky ◽  
Y M Eid ◽  
M S Nasr ◽  
L M Hendawy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Abstract Background study of chemerin level in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO) patients and its relation to insulin resistance (IR). Upon chemerin on adipose tissue and glucose metabolism, serum chemerin has been recently studied in (PCO) women Aim We aimed to study the level of serum chemerin in PCO patients and its relation to insulin resistance. Methods The current study included 45 subjects with PCO syndrome and 45 healthy subjects as a control group. PCO subjects were divided into 27 obese PCO and 18 lean PCO. Control women were divided into 25 obese women and 20 lean women. Measurement of serum chemerin levels, fasting blood glucose (FBG),fasting insulin (FIN), total testosterone and pelvic ultrasonography Results Serum chemerin was significantly higher in the obese PCOS group (99.65 ± 13.72 ng/mL) compared with lean PCOS (87.99 ± 5,64 ng/mL) and the obese (76.82 ± 2.39 ng/mL) and non-obese (69.19 ± 8.40 ng/mL) control groups. In PCOS women, serum chemerin levels were positively correlated with Body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.835, P < 0.001), Fasting blood glucose (FBG) (r = 0.493, P < 0.005), Fasting insulin (FIN) (r = 0.913, P < 0.001), Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (r = 0.9181, P < 0.001). Conclusion There is an increase in serum chemerin level in PCOS patients with even more significant increase in patients with obese PCOS.

scholarly journals Association between Anti-Müllerian Hormone and other biomarkers with ovarian function in polycystic ovarian syndrome of Iraqi women

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huda Basim Al-Lami ◽  
Fadhil Jawad Al-Tu’ma ◽  
Wasan Ghazi Al-Safi
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Ovarian Function ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Iraqi Women ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the role of of Anti-Müllerian hormone and other hormonal biomarkers and insulin resistance in pathogenesis of polycystic ovarian syndrome of Iraqi women with various ages and BMI. Method: The sublects include 50 cases of polycystic ovarian syndrome obtained from gynecological and obstetric teaching hospital, Kerbala health directorate / Kerbala – Iraq and another 50 apparently healthy women as a control group. with age ranged between (18-37) years during the period from Dec. 2019 to June, 2020 which was divided into two groups depending upon their age; first group with age (18-27) years and the second with age (28-37) years, also they divided into three subgroups depending upon the body mass index, normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2), obesity (30-34.9 kg/m2) and  measurement of various hormonal levels were performed including LH, FSH, insulin, insulin resistance, total testosterone and anti-müllerian hormone. Results: A significant elevated levels of each of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), insulin, LH, total testosterone, prolactin, fasting blood glucose, FBG and insulin resistance while, a non-significant differences was found in FSH levels in women with PCOS as compared with control group. Conclusion: A significant high levels of the all hormonal parameters including anti-müllerian hormone, LH, prolactin and total testosterone  was found in women with PCOS as compared with the control, except the FSH values.

scholarly journals Early onset androgenic alopecia: not a cosmetic problem but a sign of life time risk factors. Male phenotypic equivalent of polycystic ovarian syndrome: Is There a Male Phenotype of PCOS

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-236
Author(s):  
Didem Dereli Akdeniz ◽  
Candeğer Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Androgenic Alopecia ◽  
Male Phenotype ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) was thought to be a gynecologic disorder and then accepted as a general endocrine and metabolic syndrome. The genetic component of PCOS seems to be very important in its etiology. Because of this reason there should be a male PCOS equivalent. Early androgenetic alopecia (EAGA) is a specific pattern of hair loss and it should start before age 30 years and it is claimed to be a male equivalent of PCOS in women. Materials and Methods: In this study we aimed to investigate the hormonal and metabolic parameters of men with EAGA and compare them with healthy age-matched controls. Thirty men with EAGA and 30 controls were screened for free testosterone, DHEAS, gonadotropins, 17OH progesterone, ACTH, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, homocysteine and metabolic profile. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) results were used for the marker of insulin sensitivity. Alopecia classification was made by using the scale of Hamilton with Norwood modification. Results: Patients with EAGA had higher free testosterone (25,12±3,05 vs 21,3±1,77), DHEAS (634,90±27,09 vs 578±17,82), LH (9,16±0,28 vs 5,13±0,40). The EAGA group had insulin resistance but the control group did not (HOMA results were 3,34±0,47 vs 1,43±0,3). The homocysteine levels of EAGA group were higher than controls (12,37±1,31 vs 9,33±2,12) which is another cardiovascular risk factor. The correlations that we found in our study among HOMA, serum androgen levels, homocysteine and alopecia scores were positive in EAGA patients. We didn’t find any correlations among those parameters in control group. Because of these findings men with EAGA can be considered as male synonym to PCOS syndrome. These young men should be followed for the same long time risk profile like PCOS women. Insulin resistance and its results like metabolic syndrome, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are real risks but there may be even a risk for infertility. Conclusion: We aimed to investigate whether EAGA can be accepted as the male phenotype of PCOS and if they have elevated risk factors for chronic complications than their age and sex matched controls.

scholarly journals Association of Insulin Resistance with Sodium Valproate Therapy among Epileptic Patient

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Md Azizul Haque ◽  
Md Rafiqul Islam ◽  
Sheikh Mahbub Alam ◽  
Muhammad Nazmul Haque ◽  
Md Aynul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sodium Valproate ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Epileptic Patients ◽  
One Year ◽  
Fasting Insulin Level

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder. Sodium valproate is one of the commonest broad spectrum antiepileptic drugs and it is used worldwide. Weight gain is the common side effect which is known to be associated with insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to see the association of sodium valproate therapy with insulin resistance among epileptic patients. Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. Total 102 patients (51 epileptic patients with valproate monotherapy for at least one year and another 51 age and sex matched newly diagnosed epileptic patients without any anti-epileptic drugs) were selected in this study. The study was carried out from March 2016 to April 2017 for one year in the epilepsy clinic and outpatient Department of Neurology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka. Participants underwent anthropometric evaluations and biochemical tests including fasting blood sugar and fasting insulin level. Insulin resistance (IR) index was calculated. Result: In this study mean duration of valproate treatment was 3.12±1.26 years and mean sodium valproate dose was 1133±440.5 mg/day (17.7±6.65 mg/kg/day). This study revealed serum fasting insulin level in valproate group and non-valproate group was 11.05±4.86 (ìU/ml) and 7.39±2.01 (ìU/ml) respectively. Fasting blood glucose was 4.71±0.79 (mmol/L) in valproate group and 4.41±0.62 (mmol/L) in non- valproate group. Calculated IR index in valproate group and non-valproate group was 2.17±0.55 and 1.46±0.39 respectively. IR index, fasting insulin and blood glucose all were significantly higher in valproate group than non- valproate group. This study also revealed mild positive correlation of IR index with dose and duration of valproate treatment. Conclusion: Sodium valproate treated patient had significantly higher IR index than control group. Bangladesh Journal of Neuroscience 2017; Vol. 33 (2): 63-69

scholarly journals Effect of Metformin on Anthropometric Measurements and Hormonal and Biochemical Profile in Patients with Prediabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Mustafa Safiah ◽  
Dana Hyassat ◽  
Yousef Khader ◽  
Oraib Farahid ◽  
Anwar Batieha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic Agent ◽  
Sugar Regulation

Objectives. Metformin is the most widely preferred first-line oral antidiabetic agent that results in clear benefits in blood sugar regulation and diabetes-related complications. This study is aimed at assessing the effect of metformin on anthropometric, hormonal, and biochemical parameters in patients with prediabetes or insulin resistance. Methods. A prepoststudy was conducted among 52 patients with prediabetes or insulin resistance who met the inclusion criteria. Weight, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference were measured before and 12 months after metformin treatment. Serum concentrations of sex steroids, gonadotropins, and lipids were also assessed. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index and quantitative sensitivity check (QUICKI) index scores were calculated before metformin treatment and after 12 months of use. Results. After 12 months of metformin treatment, female patients had significant reduction in weight, BMI, and waist circumference after adjusting for age. Metformin use for 12 months resulted in significant reduction in mean fasting blood glucose and HbA1c in females only. Total cholesterol decreased significantly among men only and serum HDL-C showed a significant rise among females only. Serum LDL-C and triglycerides did not change significantly in females and males. Our study did now significant changes in ACTH and cortisol levels in both females and males after metformin treatment. Metformin use resulted in significant increase in luteinizing hormone (LH) and progesterone levels in males, while it was associated with significant increase in prolactin, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), and dehydroepiandrostenedione-sulphate (DHEA-S) levels and significant decrease in total testosterone level in females. Conclusion. Metformin treatment in females with prediabetes reduces BMI, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and HbA1c. The changes in the studied parameters differed significantly according to sex.

scholarly journals Resistant starch ameliorated insulin resistant in patients of type 2 diabetes with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenlin Gao ◽  
Mingyue Rao ◽  
Wei Huang ◽  
Qin Wan ◽  
Pijun Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simple Obesity

Abstract Background Resistant starch (RS) is a starch that can be fermented by the microbial flora within gut lumen. Insulin resistance (IR) is a pathophysiological condition related to diabetes and obesity. RS could reduce blood glucose and ameliorate IR in animals, but its effect in human population is controversial. Objective The authors conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate the effect of RS diet supplement on ameliorating IR in patients with T2DM and simple obesity. Methods Databases that supplemented with RS in ameliorating IR in T2DM and simple obesity were queried for studies on or before August 15, 2018. Parameters including fasting insulin, fasting glucose, body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) etc. were extracted from studies to systemically evaluate effects of RS. Results The database search yielded 14 parallel or crossover studies that met the inclusion criteria. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in the amelioration of BMI, HOMA-%S and HOMA-%B in T2DM patients between RS and the non-RS supplementation. However, the fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in T2DM with obesity who supplemented RS were lower than control group, and the subgroup analysis according to the dose of RS supplementation was inconsistency. There was no significant difference between RS and non-RS supplements in patients with simple obesity. Conclusion RS supplementation can ameliorate IR in T2DM, especially for the patients of T2DM with obesity, but not in simple obesity.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Variation of Insulin Resistance among Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome Patients in Semiurban North Indian Population

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitali Maitra ◽  
Ramesh Chandra Gupta ◽  
Rishika Raj
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Rotterdam Criteria

Introduction: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in the women of reproductive age. Studies show that there is an intensive relationship between insulin and gonadal function. As per Rotterdam Criteria, there are four major phenotypes of PCOS with different presentation. Early detection of Insulin Resistance (IR) and consequential prevention of Metabolic Syndrome (MS) associated with PCOS may lead to better prospect for the disease. Aim: To find the pattern of IR in all the phenotypes of PCOS in relation to Waist Hip Ratio (WHR), Body Mass Index (BMI) and Testosterone and thereby, providing data for designing phenotype specific treatment of the disease. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional observational study, fasting insulin and fasting glucose were analysed to calculate Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) and Testosterone for total 144 female subjects of reproductive age group (18-40 years). Subjects were classified in to four groups as per Rotterdam Criteria. Complete PCOS (PCO-COM), PCO with Oligo/Anovulation (PCO-O), Anovulation with Hyperandrogenism (O-HA), and PCO with Hyperandrogenism (PCO-HA). Regression analysis was done to find the relation among the study variables. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyse the significant variance among the groups. Results: IR was found to be maximum among O-HA phenotype (2.4±0.37) and lowest among PCO-HA phenotypes (1.3±0.22). Regression analysis shows that there exist significant associations between IR and BMI (t=4.96, p=0.001) as well as between IR and WHR (t=2.97, p=0.003). No independent association between testosterone and IR was observed. Conclusion: Significant difference of IR, WHR, and BMI was observed among the four phenotypes of PCOS. Due to increased IR, O-HA and PCO-COM phenotypes are more predisposed to Cardiometabolic consequences of PCOS.

scholarly journals Fasting Blood Glucose Predicts Incidence of Hypertension Independent of HbA1c Levels and Insulin Resistance in Middle-Aged Japanese: The Saku Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 1178-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukako Tatsumi ◽  
Akiko Morimoto ◽  
Kei Asayama ◽  
Nao Sonoda ◽  
Naomi Miyamatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Impaired Insulin Secretion ◽  
Impaired Insulin ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Abstract BACKGROUND Relationships between blood glucose (BG) levels and insulin action, and incidence of hypertension have not been well known epidemiologically. This study aimed to investigate the association between indices of diabetes and the incidence of hypertension and compare the predictive powers of these indices in middle-aged Japanese. METHODS This 5-year cohort study included 2,210 Japanese aged 30–64 years without hypertension. Hazard ratios of high fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels, high post-loaded BG levels, high glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, insulin resistance (defined by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR]) and impaired insulin secretion at baseline for the incidence of hypertension were estimated using multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazard models. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mm Hg or receiving antihypertensive treatment. RESULTS During the follow-up, 456 participants developed hypertension. After adjustment for HbA1c and HOMA-IR, FBG was independently and significantly associated with hypertension. The hazard ratio of participants with FBG ≥ 7.0 mmol/l was 1.79 compared with those with FBG < 5.6 mmol/l. Even among those with HbA1c < 6.5%, HOMA-IR < 2.5, body mass index < 25 kg/m2, age < 55 years old, blood pressure < 130/80 mm Hg or non- and moderate drinking, the results were similar. High 120-minute BG level and impaired insulin secretion did not increase the risk for hypertension. CONCLUSIONS FBG was a predictable index for future incidence of hypertension in middle-aged Japanese men and women. This is the first study comparing predictive powers of indices of diabetes for the incidence of hypertension.

Electroacupuncture Mitigates Endothelial Dysfunction via Effects on the Pi3K/Akt Signalling Pathway in High Fat Diet-Induced Insulin-Resistant Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danchun Lan ◽  
Nenggui Xu ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Zhixing Li ◽  
Rongzhen Liao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Pancreatic Islet ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on endothelial dysfunction related to high fat diet (HFD)-induced insulin resistance through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signalling pathway. Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a regular diet (Control group, n=8) or a HFD (n=16) for 12 weeks to induce an insulin resistance model. HFD-fed rats were divided into two groups that remained untreated (HFD group, n=8) or received electroacupuncture (HFD+EA group, n=8). EA was applied at PC6, ST36, SP6 and BL23. At the end of the experiment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), serum insulin (FINS), serum C-peptide (C-P) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) indices were determined. Pancreatic islet samples were subjected to histopathological examination. The thoracic aorta was immunostained with anti-rat insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) antibodies. mRNA and protein expression of IRS-1, PI3K, Akt2 and eNOS in the vascular endothelium were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results The bodyweight increase of the HFD+EA group was smaller than that of the untreated HFD group. Compared with the HFD group, the levels of FBG, FINS, C-P and HOMA-IR in the HFD+EA group decreased significantly (P<0.01). Histopathological evaluation indicated that EA improved pancreatic islet inflammation. The expression of endothelial markers, such as IRS-1, PI3K, Akt2 and eNOS, decreased in the HFD group, while EA treatment appeared to ameliorate the negative impact of diet. Conclusion EA may improve insulin resistance and attenuate endothelial dysfunction, and therefore could play a potential role in the prevention or treatment of diabetic complications and cardiovascular disease through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

scholarly journals Serum concentrations of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Behroozikhah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factor

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status . Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants . Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group . Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion : Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document