Comparative Study between Dryness Post Phacoemulsification and Post Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Elgeshy Alm Eldin ◽  
Saad Mohammed Rashad ◽  
Ayman Mohamed Elsaka ◽  
Samah Mahmoud Fawzy ◽  
Mahmoud Ahmed ElSamkary
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Cataract Extraction ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Meniscus Height ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Break Up

Abstract Purpose This study aims to detect and compare the severity and pattern of dry eye occurrence after phacoemulsification and extra capsular cataract extraction surgeries. Methods Twenty eyes of twenty patients in two groups, ten eyes planned for Phacoemulsification(phaco) and ten eyes planned for Extra Capsular Cataract Extraction (ECCE) enrolled in a prospective comparative study. All patients underwent full history taking and full ophthalmological clinical evaluation including (tear film meniscus height, Schirmer 1 test, tear break up time). Evaluations will be done one week before cataract surgery then three and six weeks after the surgery.Also, goblet cell count is measured twice, before and 6 weeks after the operation. Results After both Phaco, andECCE, the changes between means of pre-operative, 3 weeks and 6 weeks visits were significant in tear film meniscus height (p = 0.01) and were insignificant in both Schirmer 1 and tear break up time (p > 0.05). There was a significant deterioration after 3 weeks of surgery in tear film meniscus height followed by significant increase between 3rd and 6th weeks post-operative measurements (p = 0.01). There was a significant difference between the 2 groups in the total change of Schirmer 1 and tear break up time between the6th weeks and the pre-operative measure with more deterioration in group 2. There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in tear film meniscus height 6 weeks post operation.The deterioration in goblet cell count was significantly worse in the ECCE group (mean difference of -22.1±8.5 and was -7.5±5.1 in the phaco group), (p = 0.0005). Conclusions Phacoemulsification surgery may aggravate the signs and symptoms of dry eye and affect dry eye test values in patients in short-term but less than ECCE.

scholarly journals Tear Film Break-Up Time and Dry Eye Disease Severity in a Large Norwegian Cohort

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Mazyar Yazdani ◽  
Jørgen Fiskådal ◽  
Xiangjun Chen ◽  
Øygunn A. Utheim ◽  
Sten Ræder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Meibomian Gland ◽  
Discriminative Power ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Break Up

This study evaluated to what extent tear film break-up time (TFBUT) could discriminate pathological scores for other clinical tests and explore the associations between them. Dry eye patients (n = 2094) were examined for ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear film osmolarity (Osm), TFBUT, blink interval, ocular protection index (OPI), ocular surface staining (OSS), Schirmer I test, meibomian expressibility, meibomian quality, and meibomian gland dysfunction. The results were grouped into eight levels of break-up time (≤2, ≥3, ≤5, ≥6, ≤10, ≥11, ≤15, and ≥16) with or without sex stratification. Receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were used to study TFBUT’s discriminative power and the associations among the tests, respectively. Above and below each TFBUT’s cut-off, all of the parameters indicated significant difference between groups, except OSDI (cut-off 15 s) and Osm (cut-offs 5 s–15 s). At TFBUT cut-off of 2 s, sex difference could be detected for OSDI, Osm, and OSS. OPI presented the strongest discriminative power and association with TFBUT in sharp contrast to Osm, holding the poorest discriminative power with no significant correlation. The remaining parameters were within the poor to very poor categories, both with regard to discrimination and correlation. In conclusion, patients with lower TFBUT presented with more severe DED parameters at all four defined cut-off values.

scholarly journals Distribution and density of conjunctival goblet cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Vujkovic ◽  
Gostimir Mikac ◽  
Risto Kozomara
Keyword(s):  
Cell Density ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Cell Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Goblet Cell Density

There is a regional variation in conjunctival goblet cell distribution and density per unit of measurement. By secreting mucin goblet cells are involved in formation of tear film. Tear film instability is the basic sign of dry eye syndrome. Although dry eye syndrome can be a side effect of a disease, the most common cause is normal aging. The objective of the research was to determine goblet cell density in bulbar and lower forniceal conjunctiva and possible changes in goblet cell density related to age and sex. The research was conducted on 30 conjunctival samples of patients with no clinical changes of the conjunctiva. Tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin eosin (HE), periodic acid-schiff (PAS), alcian blue (AB)/PAS Giemsa methods. Goblet cell density was 1.24?1.62 in bulbar conjunctiva and 30.21?14.32 in lower forniceal conjunctiva. Goblet cell distribution in the conjunctiva was unequal. A correlation between goblet cell density and age was not determined. Goblet cell density doesn't decrease with aging. No significant difference in goblet cell density between men and women was established.

scholarly journals A comparison of the occurence of dry eye between arthritic and non-arthritic subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Oghre ◽  
O. M. Amiebenomo
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
T Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Time Test ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Breakup Time

Various studies have reported that dry eye is a common occurrence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis but not much has been done to determine its occurrence in other forms of arthritis. Thisstudy was designed to compare the symptoms of dry eye, tear film breakup time and tear production respectively in arthritic and non-arthritic subjects and also between rheumatoid arthritic patients and patients with other forms of arthritis. A total of 106 subjects within the age range of 41-90 years were included. Fifty-nine were non-arthritic with mean age and standard deviation (SD) of 58.2 ± 11.9 years, while 47 had arthritis with mean age and SD of 63.4 ± 13.3 years. Of the 47 arthritic patients 34 had osteoarthritis, 10 had rheumatoid arthritis, two had ankylosing spondylitis and one had gout. Subjects were evaluated using a McMonnies and Ho Dry Eye Questionnaire, invasive tear break-up-time test, Schirmer I test and fluorescein staining. The percentage of subjects with dry eyesymptoms in both the arthritic and non-arthritic groups was quite small (<10%) however, there was a statistically significant difference in dry eye symptoms between both groups (Mann-Whitney: U = 1035.5, p = 0.025) even though both groups were largely asymptomatic. There was no significant difference in tear breakup time (Mann-Whitney:  U = 175,  p  > 0.05), or tear quantity respectively (Unpaired  t-test: p > 0.05) between both groups. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in symptoms of dry eye, tear break up time, or tear quantity respectively between rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of arthritis (Unpaired t-test: p > 0.05). In conclusion, the occurrence of dry eye is largely independent of the presence of arthritis even though arthritic subjects may be slightly more symptomatic and the presence of dry eye is independent of the form of arthritis.  (S Afr Optom 2013 72(1) 34-40)

SCREENING FOR DRY EYE IN TYPE II DIABETIC PATIENTS IN A TERITIARY EYE CARE HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Vepa Meenakshi ◽  
Maridi Aparna ◽  
Tammana v
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Meniscus Height ◽  
Tear Meniscus ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Tear Meniscus Height

AIM: To screen for dry eye among type 2 diabetic patients ,determine the prevalence and correlate with blood sugar levels. METHODS: 100 patients who were diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes were included in the study .Detailed history regarding ocular symptoms, diabetes and its duration was taken. A thorough ocular examination using Slit lamp bio microscopy was done and visual acuity tested with Snellen's chart.Tear lm status evaluated by Schirmer's I test, Tear lm break up time(TBUT),Tear meniscus height. Two or all of the above performed tests was positive in a given patient, the patient was deemed to be suffering from dry eye. RESULTS:Out of 100 patients, males were 48 and females were 52. 39 patients were found to show positive screening tests for dry eye.38% (out of 39 patients) had major symptom of foreign body sensation. 23 out of 39 patients were females. 14 out of 39 patients were in age group 51 to 60 years.Most of the diabetics with dry eye had duration of disease 5 to 10 years .39 patients had Tear Break Up time <10 sec, 25 patients had Tear Meniscus Height <0.25mm and 36 patients had Schirmers I test<10mm.Diabetics with dry eyes had average RBS of 179.63+57.28 and PPBS of 247.75+88.39 mg/dl. These values were more when compared to diabetics with no dry eye. CONCLUSION: Early ocular examination in Diabetic patients and good glycemic control should be done considering increased incidence of dry eyes.This should be an integral part of the assessment of diabetic eye disease so as to improve the patient's comfort and to prevent or minimize further structural damage to the ocular surface.

scholarly journals Comparable effects on tear film parameters after femtosecond laser-assisted and conventional cataract surgery

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 3097-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Schargus ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova ◽  
Gesa Stute ◽  
H. Burkhard Dick ◽  
Stephanie C. Joachim
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Fluorescein Staining ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eye Symptoms ◽  
Dry Eye Symptoms

Abstract Purpose Dry eye symptoms after conventional cataract surgery are a very common problem. Until now, only few data are available on objective tear film parameters in regard to femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (LCS). Aim of this study was therefore to analyze and compare tear film parameter changes between LCS and conventional cataract surgery. Methods A consecutive group of 34 patients, scheduled for cataract surgery, were randomly selected for either LCS or conventional cataract surgery (17 patients/group). Tear film assessments including tear film osmolarity, Schirmer test, MMP-9 analysis via quantitative ELISA, corneal sensitivity, corneal fluorescein staining, and conjunctival fluorescein staining were sequentially evaluated pre- as well as 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Results Both groups showed no significant difference in baseline characteristics. All surgeries were performed without any complications. After 1 and 3 months, there was no statistically significant difference in regard to tear film osmolarity (1 month: p = 0.81, 3 months: p = 1.0), Schirmer test (1 month: p = 0.35, 3 month: p = 0.08), and MMP-9 concentration (1 month: p = 0.36, 3 month: p = 0.28) between the two groups. Conclusions Neither LCS nor conventional cataract surgery affected objective tear film parameters significantly during our 3-month postoperative observation period. Hence, both surgical techniques can be equally used to treat patients without prior dry eye symptoms.

scholarly journals PENGARUH EMISI DEBU SEMEN TERHADAP STATUS TEAR FILM MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR PABRIK PT. SEMEN PADANG

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Muhammad Syauqie ◽  
Ardizal Rahman ◽  
Getry Sukmawati
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Break Up

Permukaan okular rentan terhadap efek iritatif dari debu semen tersebut karena epitel konyungtiva dan kornea hanya dilapisi oleh lapisan tipis tear film. Paparan debu semen jangka panjang menyebabkan terjadinya inflamasi subklinis kronik yang dapat mempengaruhi transdiferensiasi epitel konyungtiva dan densitas sel goblet yang kemudian dapat menyebabkan timbulnya gejala dry eye syndrome. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai status tear film pada masyarakat  yang  terpapar  emisi  debu  semen  dibandingkan  dengan  masyarakat  yang  tidak  terpapar.  Penelitian ini berupa analytic cross sectional study pada dua populasi yaitu kelompok terpapar dan tidak terpapar emisi debu pabrik semen. Semua sampel penelitian dari dua populasi menjalani pemeriksaan pH tear film, Schirmer, Ferning dan Tear Break Up Time (TBUT). Hasil studi mendapatkan peningkatan nilai pH tear film yang bermakna pada penduduk di kelompok terpapar dengan p=0.001. Terdapat juga penurunan kualitas Ferning yang bermakna pada penduduk di kelompok terpapar yang didominasi tipe III dengan p=0.005 dan 0.029. Sedangkan hasil pemeriksaan Schirmer dan TBUT masih dalam batas normal dan tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara kedua kelompok. Simpulan studi ini ialah erdapat peningkatan rerata nilai pH tear film dan penurunan kualitas lapisan musin tear film yang bermakna pada masyarakat yang terpapar emisi debu semen namun tidak didapatkan peningkatan kejadian dry eye yang bermakna.

scholarly journals The Association between Tear Film Thickness as Measured with OCT and Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye Disease: A Pooled Analysis of 6 Clinical Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3791
Author(s):  
Gerhard Garhöfer ◽  
Valentin Aranha Dos Santos ◽  
Hannes Stegmann ◽  
Doreen Schmidl ◽  
Narine Adzhemian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Film Thickness ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Symptoms And Signs ◽  
Schirmer I Test

Purpose: To determine the association between tear film thickness (TFT) as measured with ultra-high resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) and signs and symptoms of dry eye disease (DED). Methods: A total of 450 eyes from 225 patients with DED from six different randomized clinical trials were included in this pooled analysis. In all subjects, TFT was measured with a custom-built UHR-OCT system. Symptoms of DED were quantified using a standardized Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSD)I questionnaire and clinical signs including tear film break up time (TFBUT) and Schirmer I test were assessed. Associations of the average TFT with OSDI, TFBUT, and Schirmer I test were calculated using a linear regression analysis. Results: The average TFT of the included sample (mean age, 45.0 ± 13.3 years; 65% female) was 4.2 ± 0.5 µm and the OSDI 36.2 ± 10.4. A significant negative correlation was found between TFT and OSDI (r = −0.36 to −0.31; p < 0.001). Tear break up time and Schirmer I test were not correlated with OSDI. Significant albeit weak correlations were found between TFT and TFBUT (r = 0.17 to 0.25; p < 0.01) as well as Schirmer I (r = 0.36 to 0.37; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed that the correlation was stronger in the subjects with abnormal Schirmer I (<15 mm; r = 0.50 to 0.54; p < 0.001). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates an objective measurement of TFT using a novel OCT approach for DED that correlates with symptoms and signs of DED. Our data are consistent with the idea that TFT represents the aqueous-deficient component of DED.

Simplified Classification of Tear Film Break-Up Patterns and Their Clinicopathological Correlations in Patients With Dry Eye Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Hee Dong Eom ◽  
Jae Uk Jung ◽  
Kyoung-Pil Lee ◽  
Jeongho Kim ◽  
Dong Hee Yoon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Clinicopathological Correlations ◽  
Break Up

scholarly journals Changes of Dry Eye Related Markers and Tear Inflammatory Cytokines After Upper Blepharoplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songjiao Zhao ◽  
Nan Song ◽  
Lan Gong
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Ocular Surface Disease Index ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Break Up ◽  
Upper Blepharoplasty

Objectives: To investigate the changes of dry eye-related clinical manifestations, ocular surface parameters, and tear inflammatory cytokines after upper blepharoplasty.Methods: Forty eyes of 20 who underwent upper blepharoplasty were divided into either the group with or the group without preexisting dry eye before upper blepharoplasty. Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Schirmer I test, tear meniscus height, lipid layer thickness, non-invasive tear break-up time (NIKBUT), fluorescein tear film break-up time (FBUT), corneal fluorescein staining, meibum expression, lid margin changes, and tear inflammatory cytokines were assessed preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. Correlations between inflammatory cytokines and dry eye-related parameters were determined.Results: The OSDI scores increased significantly at 1 month (p = 0.040) and subsequently decreased to the preoperative levels at 6 months postoperatively in subjects with dry eye. First (f)-NIKBUT and FBUT were significantly shortened at 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively in subjects with dry eye (f-NIKBUT: p &lt;0.001, p = 0.010, p = 0.042; FBUT: p = 0.002, p = 0.005, p = 0.037, respectively), but were only shortened at 1 month (p = 0.028, p = 0.005) and returned to baseline levels at 6 months postoperatively in subjects without preexisting dry eye. A significant increasing trend of interleukin (IL)-6 was found in both dry eye and subjects without preexisting dry eye (p = 0.016, p = 0.008), while IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were only found to be increased in subjects with dry eye postoperatively (p = 0.031, p = 0.031). The levels of IL-8 and TNF-α were positively correlated with OSDI scores (p = 0.046, p = 0.043, respectively) and negatively correlated with f-NIKBUT and FBUT (p = 0.026, p = 0.006, respectively).Conclusions: Upper blepharoplasty might increase the release of tear inflammatory cytokines and tear film instability that contribute to the development of postoperative dry eye in the early postoperative period and the changes most relieved in 6 months. Preexisting dry eye is a higher risk factor for worse and persistent ocular surface damage after upper blepharoplasty.

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