Productivity Losses and Firm Responses to Electricity Shortages: Evidence from Ghana

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ama Baafra Abeberese ◽  
Charles Godfred Ackah ◽  
Patrick Opoku Asuming
Keyword(s):  
Developing Economies ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Firm Productivity ◽  
Product Mix ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Firm Responses

Abstract One of the commonly cited obstacles to firms’ operations in developing economies is inadequate access to electricity. This paper explores the impact of electricity outages on firm productivity using arguably exogenous variation in outages, induced by an electricity rationing program, across small and medium-sized Ghanaian manufacturing firms. The results indicate that eliminating outages in this setting could lead to an increase in firm productivity. Further analyses of the strategies firms use to cope with outages show that changing the firm's product mix to favor less electricity-intensive products mitigates the negative impacts of outages on productivity. However, using a generator, a common strategy in many parts of the world, is unable to insulate firms from the negative impacts of outages on productivity.

Multilateral Trade Liberalization and Terms of Trade Volatility

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 1850007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sèna Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
The World ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Terms Of Trade Volatility ◽  
Trade Volatility ◽  
Multilateral Trade Liberalization ◽  
The Impact

The world has experienced in recent years a rising anti-trade and anti-globalization sentiment, which would likely jeopardize recent efforts by the international trade community, in particular Members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), to promote multilateral trade liberalization (MTP). The current article investigates the impact of MTP on countries’ terms of trade volatility. Results based on a large panel dataset suggest that MTP exerts a significant reducing effect on countries’ terms of trade volatility. However, this impact appears to be dependent on countries’ development level. The take-home message is that greater cooperation on trade matters, including among WTO Members would help promote multilateral trade liberalization, which would surely contribute to reducing terms of trade volatility, for the benefits of all countries, in particular developing economies.

scholarly journals AN ANALYZING THE IMPACT PANDEMIC OF COVID-19 TO THE EDUCATION IN INDONESIA: STUDENTS, TEACHERS AND PARENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
Risca Dwiaryanti ◽  
Fadali Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Teachers And Parents ◽  
The Impact ◽  
At Home

Pandemic covid-19 has surprised people all over the world. It happen suddenly and give many impacts to all aspects of human’s life including education in Indonesia. Since, the minister of education and culture stated that all he activity of teaching and learning should be done at home by online learning, then it gives some positive and negative impact. The negative impacts are; not all teachers, studemts, or parents have a facility to access internet, nor use IT well, for example theachers who are old or students of pre school still need their parents’ help. Then, not all parent can earn money to buy internet quota.  Moreover, the positives impacts are; the students become familiar to use IT and it is safe for them to avoid covid-19 outbreak by studying at home.

scholarly journals The Global Crisis and the Subsidies to Manufacturing Firms

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaya Halil Dincer ◽  
Balas Ayse Nilgun
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Global Crisis ◽  
Quality Certification ◽  
The World ◽  
Firm Type ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The 2008-2009 global crisis has severely affected the world economy. Most national governments utilized fiscal policy measures including subsidies to reinforce and sustain their economies. In this study we examine the impact of the 2008-2009 global crisis on subsidies paid to manufacturing firms either by their governments or the European Union (i.e. EU). Our results indicate that, overall, a significantly larger proportion of firms had received subsidies after the global crisis. When we look into different subgroups, we find that firm size, female ownership, female management, and quality certification did not matter (more firms in all of these subgroups had received subsidies). On the other hand, our results demonstrate that firm type and top manager’s experience level made a difference in terms of subsidies received after the crisis.

scholarly journals Intangible assets and the efficiency of manufacturing firms in the age of digitalisation: the Russian case

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Yulia Turovets
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A wide consensus exists on the role of intangible assets in both developed and developing economies, especially now, with the new generation of information and communication technologies. Emerging economies generally demonstrate lower endowment with intangibles (Dutz et al., 2012), but follow the same positive patterns for long-run development. In Russia, the contribution of intangibles to growth is still modest, and its capacity to foster productivity has not been achieved. As previous studies showed, efficiency represents one of the main channels of total factor productivity growth. This paper studies the effects of intangibles on the efficiency of Russian manufacturing firms in 2009–2018. Considering the heterogeneity of sectors and firms, the stochastic frontier model is applied. In general, the impact of intangibles is positive but small and influenced by external shocks and structural features. The paper provides evidence on different contributions of intangibles to efficiency for high-tech and low-tech firms and its change over time. It contributes to the strand of literature regarding the technical efficiency measurement on the microlevel. On the practical side, the paper suggests an analytical framework for differentiated policy mechanisms to drive investments in intangibles, which are essential for current digital transformation.

scholarly journals The Impact of Codemixing on Language Differentiation in Young Bilinguals

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-69
Author(s):  
Emma Merritt
Keyword(s):  
Target Item ◽  
Lexical Item ◽  
Linguistic Context ◽  
Language Differentiation ◽  
Immersion Programs ◽  
The World ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Bilingual Communities ◽  
The Impact

The phenomenon by which a lexical item or phrase from one language is inserted into another, known as codemixing, is common in adult bilingual communities around the world (Genesee & Nicoladis, 1997). In many types of immersion programs as well, codemixing is a common strategy for introducing target vocabulary. However, little research has been conducted on the precise impact that vocabulary exposure via codemixing may have on how the target item is encoded by child listeners – namely, how it is assigned to one language or another. Spanish- and English-speaking children (n = 10) between 3 and 6 years old were recruited to participate in this experiment, in which phonetically English- or Spanish-apparent nonwords were presented in the context of a “codemixed” or “non-codemixed” sentence and participants were asked to decide to which language the nonword belonged. Results demonstrated a considerable bias toward categorizing most of the nonwords as Spanish (the non-dominant language for all ten children), although the language in which the nonword was introduced also considerably impacted children’s judgments. While the nonword’s phonology appears somewhat influential in determining its language of origin, this was not as impactful as the overall linguistic context.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of the Performance of a Big and Open Economy: The Case of the U.S.

2018 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
O. V. Zhuravliov ◽  
О. М. Simachova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The US economy is one of the richest and most diversified economies in the world and keeps its leadership in the global economy for the past 100 years. The United States is a global leader in computer technology, pharmaceuticals and the manufacture of medical, aerospace and military equipment. And although services make up about 80% of GDP, the US remains the second largest producer of industrial goods in the world and is a leader in research and development. President Donald Trump was elected in November 2016, promising a big gap with his predecessor’s regulatory, tax and trade policies. Therefore, the current socio-economic status of the USA and the possible ways of its development in the future are interesting for studying the impact on other economies, in particular, on the Ukrainian economy and the search for new and optimal ways of developing relations between the United States and Ukraine. Key macroeconomic indicators of the US economy in 2011–2018 are analyzed, demonstrating the influence of Donald Tramp’s new policy on changes in the indicators of the economy, the labor market, trade, etc., as well as possible ways of development in the coming years. The review of key macroeconomic indicators gives grounds for classifying the American economy as healthy one. Rates of GDP growth will remain in the range of 2 to 3%. These rates of growth in the world’s largest economy are callable to ensure a substantial increase in the global activity. But uncertainties in the politics may hinder global growth and have clearly negative impact on the investment growth in developed and developing economies.

Research on the Impact of Globalization on Education in Indonesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnesis Yaku Danga
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

The aims of this study are 1) For Readers; This paper proposed to discuss the impact of globalization on the world of education and increase know ledge on globalization the readers of the dominant  of the students can be used to move towards a broader knowledge so that future human resources achieved superior. 2) For Society; It is hoped that people can understand the meaning of the negative impacts of globalization research the impact that can be minimized and positive activity to education which is getting better.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the World of Work Dynamics: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
A. M. Ogaboh Agba ◽  
Stepen I. Ocheni ◽  
Michael Sunday Agba
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

COVID-19 has a profound impact on the world of work globally. It has altered the social fabric of the workplace and significantly accounts for the loss of normalcy in the world of work. As this threat continues, this paper sought to critically review the impact of COVID-19 on specific areas of the world of work. The study established the link between nCov and global loss of jobs. It critically examined how COVID-19 impacts on teleworking, occupational safety and health, workers mental health, discrimination, physical and social distancing at the workplace. Overwhelmingly, the paper concluded that COVID-19 exacerbates existing cracks in the world of work and its sustainability affects workers’ mental health, social relations, escalate discrimination and unemployment globally. The study suggested policy reforms as global remediation to the negative impacts of COVID-19 on the world of work.

scholarly journals Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Educational Sector in Kerala

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
Siji P S ◽  
Dr. Ranjini R. Varma
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Health Finance ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The Impact

The study emphasis on the impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on educational sector in Kerala. The world has been experiencing a rare disaster of Covid-19 pandemic (corona virus disease) since 2019. Covid -19 pandemic has spread all over the world. Everybody are confused and so tensed and also excited about the pandemic because it is a rare disease and the medicine for the same is not yet innovated. Even scientists are not able to predict the future spread of the disease, so the only thing what the countries can do is to stop spreading the virus in the country. For that most of the countries in the world have been implementing quarantines, lockdowns and social distancing practices to contain the pandemic. Covid -19 pandemic has impacted every sector in the economy such as education, tourism, business, health, finance etc. In this context an attempt is made to examine the impact of covid-19 on Kerala’s economy. Here we examine the impact of Covid-19 pandemic on educational sector in Kerala and through this study the researcher tries to explain the positive as well as negative impacts of Covid -19 pandemic on educational sector in Kerala with special reference to Thrissur district.

Global Implications of Sustainability and E-Society Infrastructure in Developing Economies

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-183
Author(s):  
Birău Ramona
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Labor Mobility ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Innovative Process ◽  
Theoretical Structure ◽  
The World ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modern Term

The main purpose of this chapter is to investigate the global implications of sustainability and e-society infrastructure in developing economies. A generally accepted definition of e-society is very difficult to compress into words considering the complexity of the phenomenon itself. However, an exhaustive approach includes a great variety of original views and individual multifaceted opinions which converge to obtain a solid theoretical structure. Globalization is the modern term used to describe changes in the structure of societies and the world economy, but having a major impact in the context of an accelerated informatization. The process of globalization is not a new and innovative process, but it is the result of changes in the world economy that have increased in recent years, considering the fact that it brings a number of advantages. Moreover, globalization means labor mobility without constraint of geographical boundaries. Generally, the progress of communications is another consequence of globalization and the impact of change is even stronger in developing economies.

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