Zambian Women’s Experiences and Understanding of Cervical Cancer: A Qualitative Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Elizabeth Maree ◽  
Ilipo Kaila
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
High Risk Behavior ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Open Coding ◽  
Experiences Of Women

ObjectiveCervical cancer is the most common cancer in Zambian women, and approximately 28% of all patients with cancer seen at the Cancer Diseases Hospital in Lusaka experience this disease. Our objective was to gain insight into the knowledge, understanding, and experiences of women treated for cervical cancer at the specific hospital.MethodsWe selected a qualitative research design and descriptive phenomenological approach for the study. Twenty-one (n = 21) semistructured interviews directed by an interview schedule were conducted. We used Patton’s open coding steps and a template analyses style guided by the 4 themes of the interview schedule to analyze the data.ResultsMost participants indicated that they did not know and understand anything of cervical cancer. They believed they were bewitched and consulted traditional healers and used traditional medicine. Most described that they experienced symptoms for extended periods of time before they were diagnosed. They described how the offensive vaginal bleeding and watery discharge they experienced led to isolation, rejection, and humiliation. The participants said they did not understand how they would be treated and treatment was described as a terrible experience.ConclusionsThe women’s lived experiences of cervical cancer tell of severe suffering. They knew and understood very little about this disease. Their suffering became so unbearable that some wanted to end their lives. They were subjected to the opinions of others who knew equally as little but were quite willing to speak out, judge, and reject. Most battled through the treatment and the distressing adverse effects because it was their only hope to become better.RecommendationsZambian women must be empowered with knowledge and skills to protect themselves against cervical cancer. Suggestions for improving outcomes include changing high-risk behavior, taking advantage of screening opportunities, recognizing the signs of cervical cancer, and seeking health care without delay.

scholarly journals The experiences of women from Atoin Meto tribe who performed Sifon ritual in the context of HIV/AIDS transmission

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (s1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Syelvrida Tumina ◽  
Sri Yona ◽  
Agung Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Sexual Transmission ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Sifon is ritual sexual intercourse after male circumcision from the Atoin Meto tribe that contributes to HIV/AIDS transmission. Ritual Sifon may put at risk for HIV infection and also sexual transmission diseases (STDs). Doing ritual Sifon as a culture, without using protection during intercourse becomes one way to get HIV infection from infected men. Few studies explore this phenomenon among women who become Sifon. Therefore, the aim of this study is to explore the experience of Sifon women in the context of HIV/AIDS transmission.Design and Methods: The data were collected from March to July 2020. This study used a phenomenological approach with a purposive sampling technique. Inclusion criteria: the women from Atoin Meto tribe aged above eighteen years old who have been Sifon women for at least six months. The participants were recruited through traditional healers in Nekbaun village of Kupang District and Timor Tengah Selatan District. The data were analyzed by the Colaizzi method.Results: Thirteen women were interviewed and we found four themes: lack of knowledge about HIV/AIDS transmission, unaware Sifon women, women who experienced STDs, using traditional medicine to treat STDs (Timor medicine).Conclusions: The interpretation of Sifon women’s experiences that performed Sifon rituals indicated that Sifon is a risk factor for transmitting HIV/AIDS. Preventive and promotional educational programs with a cultural approach are needed to reduce the risk of HIV/AIDS transmission.

“Living with radiotherapy”: the experiences of women with breast cancer

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Radiotherapy Department ◽  
Qualitative Phenomenological ◽  
Experiences Of Women ◽  
Insight Into

The research attempts to gain a greater understanding of the experience of radiotherapy from the viewpoint of the female patient with breast cancer. A qualitative, phenomenological approach was employed using semistructured interviews undertaken in the patient's home approximately two weeks after completion of their treatment course. Data analysis resulted in the description of five important categories of experience for the women. Discussion concludes that it is paramount for all health care professionals and therapy radiographers in particular to undertake and promote this type of research in order for them to establish and maintain a true sense of empathy and understanding with their patients. It also helps health care professionals maintain a sense of the importance of the ‘whole experience’ for those in their care. This type of enquiry provides a valuable and yet all too rare insight into aspects of attending for radiotherapy which would otherwise remain buried beneath the bustle of a busy radiotherapy department.This article is an edited version of a Master's dissertation and as such can only convey the essence of the original work.

The Role of Interpersonal Communication in Students’ Self-control to Avoid Substance Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Ade Tuti Turistiati ◽  
Baby Poernomo
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Control ◽  
School Students ◽  
Qualitative Research Design

This study aims at answering the questions what causes many junior high school students fall into drug abuse, and what kind of treatment  must be done so that students have self-control and are not subject to drug abuse. This study employed a phenomenological approach of a qualitative research design.  In this study a semi-structured interview is used to understand how participants experienced the phenomenon. The research revealed that the interpersonal communication has a major role in students' self-control so as not to fall into drug abuse. This study contributes significantly to educational field particularly teachers in secondary schools so that it can be used as a reference to provide counseling to parents about the importance of interpersonal communication to build students’ self-control to prevent teens from falling into drug abuse.

An investigation into the experiences of school counsellors working with adolescents

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Cathy G. Bettman ◽  
Alexander Digiacomo
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
School Context ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
School Staff ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
School Counsellors ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Currently, Australia’s school counsellors are increasingly being called upon to respond to adolescent mental health needs. Through semistructured interviews with seven school counsellors working with adolescents, this qualitative study aimed to capture the lived experiences of this group of practitioners. By adopting a phenomenological approach and using thematic analysis, this study provides insight into their profession: the current ambiguity surrounding their role; the opportunities and obstacles they face; as well as the often-present tension between stakeholders including parents, other school staff and external agencies. The findings of this study indicate that school counsellors are challenged by the need to be advocates not only for their students but also for themselves and their roles within the school context.

scholarly journals Plasma Exosomal miRNA Levels after Radiotherapy Are Associated with Early Progression and Metastasis of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2110
Author(s):  
Oyeon Cho ◽  
Do-Wan Kim ◽  
Jae-Youn Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
Early Progression ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Microenvironmental Factors ◽  
Exosomal Mirna

Plasma exosomal miRNAs are key regulators of cell-cell interactions associated with several biological functions in patients with cancer. This pilot study aimed to investigate the log2 fold change (log2FC) of the expression of exosomal miRNAs and related mRNAs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer to identify prognostic markers better than those currently available. We sequenced plasma exosomal RNA from 56 blood samples collected from 28 patients with cervical cancer, who had been treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). Changes in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs before and after CCRT were represented as log2FC. Their biological functions were studied by miRNA-mRNA network analysis, using ingenuity pathway analysis, after the selection of two groups of miRNAs, each associated with early progression (EP) and metastasis, also described as initial stage. Seven patients experienced EP, three of whom died within four months after progression. Reduced levels of miR-1228-5p, miR-33a-5p, miR-3200-3p, and miR-6815-5p and increased levels of miR-146a-3p in patients with EP revealed unresolved inflammation, with accompanying increased expression of PCK1 and decreased expression of FCGR1A. Increased levels of miR-605-5p, miR-6791-5p, miR-6780a-5p, and miR-6826-5p and decreased levels of miR-16-1-3p (or 15a-3p) were associated with the degree of metastasis and led to the systemic activation of myeloid, endothelial, and epithelial cells, as well as neurons, phagocytes, and platelets. Log2FCs in the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs from plasma exosomes after CCRT are associated with EP and metastasis, reflecting unresolved inflammation and systemic microenvironmental factors, respectively. However, this study, supported by preliminary data insufficient to reach clear conclusions, should be verified in larger prospective cohorts.

scholarly journals The experiences of women with breast cancer who undergo fertility preservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Dahhan ◽  
F van der Veen ◽  
A M E Bos ◽  
M Goddijn ◽  
E A F Dancet
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Fertility Preservation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Experiences Of Women

Abstract STUDY QUESTION How do women, who have just been diagnosed with breast cancer, experience oocyte or embryo banking? SUMMARY ANSWER Fertility preservation was a challenging yet welcome way to take action when confronted with breast cancer. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Fertility preservation for women with breast cancer is a way to safeguard future chances of having children. Women who have just been diagnosed with breast cancer report stress, as do women who have to undergo IVF treatment. How women experience the collision of these two stressfull events, has not yet been studied. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We performed a multicenter qualitative study with a phenomenological approach including 21 women between March and July 2014. Women were recruited from two university-based fertility clinics. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women with breast cancer who banked oocytes or embryos 1–15 months before study participation were eligible. We conducted in-depth, face-to-face interviews with 21 women, which was sufficient to reach data saturation. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The 21 women interviewed had a mean age of 32 years. Analysis of the 21 interviews revealed three main experiences: the burden of fertility preservation, the new identity of a fertility patient and coping with breast cancer through fertility preservation. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Interviewing women after, rather than during, fertility preservation might have induced recall bias. Translation of quotes was not carried out by a certified translator. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The insights gained from this study of the experiences of women undergoing fertility preservation while being newly diagnosed with breast cancer could be used as a starting point for adapting the routine psychosocial care provided by fertility clinic staff. Future studies are necessary to investigate whether adapting routine psychosocial care improves women’s wellbeing. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) None of the authors in this study declare potential conflicts of interest. The study was funded by the Center of Reproductive Medicine of the Academic Medical Center.

Barriers and Supports in Empowering Parents Care for Children with Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Dina Rasmita
Keyword(s):  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Parent Empowerment ◽  
Children With Cancer ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Depth Interview

Cancer that occurs in children does not only affect children, but also parents. Parents experience anxiety, stress, fear of losing their children, and helplessness in caring for their children, so that parents are less than optimal in caring for their children. Parent empowerment can increase parents' knowledge, confidence, and ability to care for their children. Previous research found several obstacles to parent empowerment carried out by nurses so that parent empowerment was not optimal in its implementation. Knowing barriers and supports in implementation of parent empowerment in caring for children with cancer can support implementation of parent empowerment to be more optimal. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers and supports in parent empowerment in caring for children with cancer based on the nurse's perception. The design of this study was qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach. The data was collected by in-depth interview method using semi-structured interview guidelines on six nurses who were selected by purposive sampling technique. The data analysis was carried out by thematic analysis with the analysis stage according to Colaizzi. The results of this study were resulted in four themes, namely parental attitudes, parental characteristics, attitudes of nurses, availability of nurses and facilities. This study concluded that implementation of empowering parents to care for children with cancer became more optimal by knowing the barrier and supports in empowering parents care for children with cancer and nurses could make more effective planning in caring for children with cancer.

The phenomenology and explanatory models of common mental disorder: a study in primary care in Harare, Zimbabwe

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1191-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patel ◽  
F. Gwanzura ◽  
E. Simunyu ◽  
K. Lloyd ◽  
A. Mann
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Traditional Healer ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Explanatory Models ◽  
Interview Schedule ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
American Concept

synopsisIn order to describe the explanatory models and the etic and emic phenomena of common mental disorder in Harare, Zimbabwe, 110 subjects were selected by general nurses in three clinics and by four traditional healers from their current clients. The subjects were interviewed using the Explanatory Model Interview and the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule.Mental disorder most commonly presented with somatic symptoms, but few patients denied that their mind or soul was the source of illness. Spiritual factors were frequently cited as causes of mental illness. Subjects who were selected by traditional healer, reported a greater duration of illness and were more likely to provide a spiritual explanation for their illness.The majority of subjects were classified as ‘cases’ by the etic criteria of the CISR. Most patients, however, showed a mixture of psychiatric symptoms that did not fall clearly into a single diagnostic group. Patients from a subgroup with a spiritual model of illness were less likely to conform to etic criteria of ‘caseness’ and they may represent a unique category of psychological distress in Zimbabwe. A wide variety of emic phenomena were elicited that have been incorporated in an indigenous measure of non-psychotic mental disorder. Kufungisisa, or thinking too much, seemed to be the Shona term closest to the Euro-American concept of neurotic illness.

scholarly journals The Understanding of Islamic Thought as an Ideology and Methodology for the Indonesian Millennial Generation

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
WA Ode Sifatu
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Religious Ideology ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
Islamic Thought ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Research Philosophy

This social study discussed the understanding of Islamic thought as a religious ideology and scientific methodology for the young Muslim generation who live, study, and work in a millennial time. There are many accusations and claims that Islam is a religion that only takes care of matters of religious ideology and worship and puts aside scientific and intellectual methodologies so that Islam is problematic to describe in the current context of the digital era by millennial generations in Indonesia as a country that is a big home for the world's largest Muslim adherents. To answer the above problems, we try to collect related literature. Then we study the phenomenological approach under the description of qualitative research design the work "Phenomenology in qualitative educational research: Philosophy as science or philosophical science." Next, the data will be checked and discussed, the original code created, the code reviewed, and all relevant themes reviewed. Finally, we get data findings that we believe are valid and reliable because we have answered the study questions with the appropriate method for review studies. The finding that Islam as a religion certainly has an ideology as a friendly religion to all human beings who rely on the truth. This truth, which Islam owned, can be understood and practiced with a methodological approach based on the holy Kalam Quran and Hadith

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