Clinical Applications of Meshed Multilayered Anatomical Models by Low-Cost Three-Dimensional Printer

In this work, a low-cost, scalable and highly repeatable approach was developed to prepare polystyrene films with three-dimensional nanopyramids on the surface for antibacterial applications.

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A STUDY ON MAKING MODELS IN ANATOMY

10.36106/paripex/5303381 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 85-87

Author(s):

Sutia Indra Nath ◽

Baruah Anuradha ◽

Bordoloi Dilip

Keyword(s):

Positive Impact ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Wood Dust ◽

Light Weight ◽

Anatomical Models ◽

Teaching Resources ◽

Materials Used ◽

Anatomy Teaching

Background: Traditional anatomy teaching uses wall charts, books, slides, anatomical specimens, and practical anatomy as teaching resources. A complete anatomy teaching system includes a variety of anatomical teaching materials, which includes three-dimensional (3D) model, digital and non-digital models made up of materials available such as mud, clay, wax, ivory, Polymer, plaster of Paris, paper pulp etc. The models available in the market are always costly, low-durable or once damaged cannot be repaired. The aim of this study was to identify a co Objectives: st effective, durable material to make 3D models for anatomy teaching which can give a positive impact while using anatomy models in teaching & learning anatomy. The study was done in the department of Anatomy, As Methods: sam Medical College, Dibrugarh. The materials used are wood-dust, fevicol, wire/twine thread. net/casement cloth, colouring material-enamel/oil tube, brush, sand paper, putty, varnish, touch wood. These materials are easily available. Models made from the material are light weight, durable, low cost and reparable if damaged. Compari Results: ng with the models available in the market shows that these models are light weight, durable, low cost and good looking. Conclusion: Anatomical models allow the user to move away from the clutter, discomfort, of a cadaveric dissection and can clarify characteristics of an anatomical structure that are not readily apparent in situ. Thus, anatomy education is enhanced and facilitated through the use of accurate anatomical models.

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Fabrication of 3D Temperature Sensor Using Magnetostrictive Inkjet Printhead

Journal of Imaging Science and Technology ◽

10.2352/j.imagingsci.technol.2020.64.5.050405 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 50405-1-50405-5

Author(s):

Young-Woo Park ◽

Myounggyu Noh

Keyword(s):

Flexible Electronics ◽

Inkjet Printing ◽

Temperature Sensor ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Drop On Demand ◽

Aided Design ◽

Nanoparticle Ink ◽

Inkjet Printhead

Abstract Recently, the three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has attracted much attention for creating objects of arbitrary shape and manufacturing. For the first time, in this work, we present the fabrication of an inkjet printed low-cost 3D temperature sensor on a 3D-shaped thermoplastic substrate suitable for packaging, flexible electronics, and other printed applications. The design, fabrication, and testing of a 3D printed temperature sensor are presented. The sensor pattern is designed using a computer-aided design program and fabricated by drop-on-demand inkjet printing using a magnetostrictive inkjet printhead at room temperature. The sensor pattern is printed using commercially available conductive silver nanoparticle ink. A moving speed of 90 mm/min is chosen to print the sensor pattern. The inkjet printed temperature sensor is demonstrated, and it is characterized by good electrical properties, exhibiting good sensitivity and linearity. The results indicate that 3D inkjet printing technology may have great potential for applications in sensor fabrication.

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Constructive Optimisation of the Propeller Type Mixing Devices Using the Virtual and Rapid Prototyping

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.17.3.5477 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 453-458 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniel Besnea ◽

Alina Spanu ◽

Iuliana Marlena Prodea ◽

Gheorghita Tomescu ◽

Iolanda Constanta Panait

Keyword(s):

Rapid Prototyping ◽

Low Cost ◽

Scale Up ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Rapid Identification ◽

Multidisciplinary Optimization ◽

External Diameter ◽

Process Industries ◽

Parametric Cad ◽

Shaft Torque

The paper points out the advantages of rapid prototyping for improving the performances/constructive optimization of mixing devices used in process industries, here exemplified to propeller types ones. The multidisciplinary optimization of the propeller profile affords its design using parametric CAD methods. Starting from the mathematical curve equations proposed for the blade profile, it was determined its three-dimensional virtual model. The challenge has been focused on the variation of propeller pitch and external diameter. Three dimensional ranges were manufactured using the additive manufacturing process with Marker Boot 3D printer. The mixing performances were tested on the mixing equipment measuring the minimum rotational speed and the correspondent shaft torque for complete suspension achieved for each of the three models. The virtual and rapid prototyping method is newly proposed by the authors to obtain the basic data for scale up of the mixing systems, in the case of flexible production (of low quantities), in which both the nature and concentration of the constituents in the final product varies often. It is an efficient and low cost method for the rapid identification of the optimal mixing device configuration, which contributes to the costs reduction and to the growing of the output.

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An “Animated Spatial Time Machine” in Co-Creation: Reconstructing History Using Gamification Integrated into 3D City Modelling, 4D Web and Transmedia Storytelling

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10070460 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (7) ◽

pp. 460

Author(s):

Mario Matthys ◽

Laure De Cock ◽

John Vermaut ◽

Nico Van de Weghe ◽

Philippe De Maeyer

Keyword(s):

Public Space ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Physical Situation ◽

Time Machine ◽

Transmedia Storytelling ◽

Spatial Reconstruction ◽

3D Software ◽

The City ◽

City Models

More and more digital 3D city models might evolve into spatiotemporal instruments with time as the 4th dimension. For digitizing the current situation, 3D scanning and photography are suitable tools. The spatial future could be integrated using 3D drawings by public space designers and architects. The digital spatial reconstruction of lost historical environments is more complex, expensive and rarely done. Three-dimensional co-creative digital drawing with citizens’ collaboration could be a solution. In 2016, the City of Ghent (Belgium) launched the “3D city game Ghent” project with time as one of the topics, focusing on the reconstruction of disappeared environments. Ghent inhabitants modelled in open-source 3D software and added animated 3D gamification and Transmedia Storytelling, resulting in a 4D web environment and VR/AR/XR applications. This study analyses this low-cost interdisciplinary 3D co-creative process and offers a framework to enable other cities and municipalities to realise a parallel virtual universe (an animated digital twin bringing the past to life). The result of this co-creation is the start of an “Animated Spatial Time Machine” (AniSTMa), a term that was, to the best of our knowledge, never used before. This research ultimately introduces a conceptual 4D space–time diagram with a relation between the current physical situation and a growing number of 3D animated models over time.

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Optimum Design for the Frame of Open Type Abrasive Flow Polish Machine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.497.89 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 497 ◽

pp. 89-93

Author(s):

Liang Liang Yuan ◽

Ke Hua Zhang ◽

Li Min

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Natural Frequency ◽

Finite Element Methods ◽

Optimization Design ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Force Model ◽

Optimization Analysis ◽

Open Type ◽

Set Up

In order to process heterotype hole of workpiece precisely, an open abrasive flow polish machine is designed, and the optimization design of machine frame is done for low cost. Firstly, basing on the parameters designed with traditional ways, three-dimensional force model is set up with the soft of SolidWorks. Secondly, the statics and modal analysis for machine body have been done in Finite element methods (FEM), and then the optimization analysis of machine frame has been done. At last, the model of rebuild machine frame has been built. Result shows that the deformation angle value of machine frame increased from 0.72′ to 1.001′, the natural frequency of the machine decreased from 75.549 Hz to 62.262 Hz, the weight of machine decreased by 74.178 Kg after optimization. It meets the strength, stiffness and angel stiffness requirement of machine, reduces the weight and cost of machine.

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Organotrialkoxysilane-Functionalized Prussian Blue Nanoparticles-Mediated Fluorescence Sensing of Arsenic(III)

Nanomaterials ◽

10.3390/nano11051145 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1145

Author(s):

Prem. C. Pandey ◽

Shubhangi Shukla ◽

Roger J. Narayan

Keyword(s):

Prussian Blue ◽

Chemical Reduction ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Heterogeneous Systems ◽

Lattice Points ◽

Radiative Energy ◽

Fluorescence Sensing ◽

Emission Signal ◽

Prussian Blue Nanoparticles

Prussian blue nanoparticles (PBN) exhibit selective fluorescence quenching behavior with heavy metal ions; in addition, they possess characteristic oxidant properties both for liquid–liquid and liquid–solid interface catalysis. Here, we propose to study the detection and efficient removal of toxic arsenic(III) species by materializing these dual functions of PBN. A sophisticated PBN-sensitized fluorometric switching system for dosage-dependent detection of As3+ along with PBN-integrated SiO2 platforms as a column adsorbent for biphasic oxidation and elimination of As3+ have been developed. Colloidal PBN were obtained by a facile two-step process involving chemical reduction in the presence of 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl trimethoxysilane (EETMSi) and cyclohexanone as reducing agents, while heterogeneous systems were formulated via EETMSi, which triggered in situ growth of PBN inside the three-dimensional framework of silica gel and silica nanoparticles (SiO2). PBN-induced quenching of the emission signal was recorded with an As3+ concentration (0.05–1.6 ppm)-dependent fluorometric titration system, owing to the potential excitation window of PBN (at 480–500 nm), which ultimately restricts the radiative energy transfer. The detection limit for this arrangement is estimated around 0.025 ppm. Furthermore, the mesoporous and macroporous PBN-integrated SiO2 arrangements might act as stationary phase in chromatographic studies to significantly remove As3+. Besides physisorption, significant electron exchange between Fe3+/Fe2+ lattice points and As3+ ions enable complete conversion to less toxic As5+ ions with the repeated influx of mobile phase. PBN-integrated SiO2 matrices were successfully restored after segregating the target ions. This study indicates that PBN and PBN-integrated SiO2 platforms may enable straightforward and low-cost removal of arsenic from contaminated water.

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Comparative Analysis of Digital Models of Objects of Cultural Heritage Obtained by the “3D SLS” and “SfM” Methods

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11125321 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 5321

Author(s):

Marcin Barszcz ◽

Jerzy Montusiewicz ◽

Magdalena Paśnikowska-Łukaszuk ◽

Anna Sałamacha

Keyword(s):

Cultural Heritage ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

3D Models ◽

Silk Road ◽

Digital Models ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

University Of Technology ◽

Three Dimensional Models ◽

3D Digitisation

In the era of the global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus, 3D digitisation of selected museum artefacts is becoming more and more frequent practice, but the vast majority is performed by specialised teams. The paper presents the results of comparative studies of 3D digital models of the same museum artefacts from the Silk Road area generated by two completely different technologies: Structure from Motion (SfM)—a method belonging to the so-called low-cost technologies—and by Structured-light 3D Scanning (3D SLS). Moreover, procedural differences in data acquisition and their processing to generate three-dimensional models are presented. Models built using a point cloud were created from data collected in the Afrasiyab museum in Samarkand (Uzbekistan) during “The 1st Scientific Expedition of the Lublin University of Technology to Central Asia” in 2017. Photos for creating 3D models in SfM technology were taken during a virtual expedition carried out under the “3D Digital Silk Road” program in 2021. The obtained results show that the quality of the 3D models generated with SfM differs from the models from the technology (3D SLS), but they may be placed in the galleries of the vitrual museum. The obtained models from SfM do not have information about their size, which means that they are not fully suitable for archiving purposes of cultural heritage, unlike the models from SLS.

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Completely non-fused electron acceptor with 3D-interpenetrated crystalline structure enables efficient and stable organic solar cell

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-25394-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Lijiao Ma ◽

Shaoqing Zhang ◽

Jincheng Zhu ◽

Jingwen Wang ◽

Junzhen Ren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Solar Cell ◽

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Molecular Geometry ◽

Interpenetrating Network ◽

Fused Ring ◽

Molecule Design ◽

End Capping ◽

Conversion Efficiencies ◽

Insight Into

AbstractNon-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) based on non-fused conjugated structures have more potential to realize low-cost organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells. However, their power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) are much lower than those of the fused-ring NFAs. Herein, a new bithiophene-based non-fused core (TT-Pi) featuring good planarity as well as large steric hindrance was designed, based on which a completely non-fused NFA, A4T-16, was developed. The single-crystal result of A4T-16 reveals that a three-dimensional interpenetrating network can be formed due to the compact π–π stacking between the adjacent end-capping groups. A high PCE of 15.2% is achieved based on PBDB-TF:A4T-16, which is the highest value for the cells based on the non-fused NFAs. Notably, the device retains ~84% of its initial PCE after 1300 h under the simulated AM 1.5 G illumination (100 mW cm−2). Overall, this work provides insight into molecule design of the non-fused NFAs from the aspect of molecular geometry control.

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Imaging in Propeller Flap Surgery

Seminars in Plastic Surgery ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1715159 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (03) ◽

pp. 145-151

Author(s):

Shimpei Ono ◽

Hiroyuki Ohi ◽

Rei Ogawa

Keyword(s):

Low Cost ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Duplex Sonography ◽

Computed Tomographic Angiography ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Imaging Tool ◽

Preoperative Mapping ◽

Flap Design ◽

Tomographic Angiography

AbstractSince propeller flaps are elevated as island flaps and most often nourished by a single perforator nearby the defect, it is challenging to change the flap design intraoperatively when a reliable perforator cannot be found where expected to exist. Thus, accurate preoperative mapping of perforators is essential in the safe planning of propeller flaps. Various methods have been reported so far: (1) handheld acoustic Doppler sonography (ADS), (2) color duplex sonography (CDS), (3) perforator computed tomographic angiography (P-CTA), and (4) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). To facilitate the preoperative perforator assessment, P-CTA is currently considered as the gold standard imaging tool in revealing the three-dimensional anatomical details of perforators precisely. Nevertheless, ADS remains the most widely used tool due to its low cost, faster learning, and ease of use despite an undesirable number of false-positive results. CDS can provide hemodynamic characteristics of the perforator and is a valid and safer alternative particularly in patients in whom ionizing radiation and/or contrast exposure should be limited. Although MRA is less accurate in detecting smaller perforators of caliber less than 1.0 mm and the intramuscular course of perforators at the present time, MRA is expected to improve in the future due to the recent developments in technology, making it as accurate as P-CTA. Moreover, it provides the advantage of being radiation-free with fewer contrast reactions.

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