scholarly journals Is there an adverse effect of sons on maternal longevity?

2009 ◽  
Vol 276 (1664) ◽  
pp. 2081-2084 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Cesarini ◽  
Erik Lindqvist ◽  
Björn Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Compelling Evidence ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Larger Sample

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of a literature examining the effects of giving birth to sons on postmenopausal longevity in pre-industrial mothers. The original paper in this lineage used a sample ( n =375) of Sami mothers from northern Finland and found that, relative to daughters, giving birth to sons substantially reduced maternal longevity. We examine this hypothesis using a similar and a much larger sample ( n =930) of pre-industrial Sami women from northern Sweden, who in terms of their demographic, sociocultural and biological conditions, closely resemble the original study population. In contrast to the previously reported results for the Sami, we find no evidence of a negative effect of sons on maternal longevity. Thus, we provide the most compelling evidence to date that the leading result in the literature must be approached with scepticism.

Effects of Menopausal Symptoms on Work Life and Organizational Environment.

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aslı Eker ◽  
Meltem Aydın Besen ◽  
Mine Yurdakul
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The Right

Background: Every working woman has the right to continue to live as a healthy individual. The working environment has important effects on general health status and reproductive health of women. If menopouse period of women is not taken into consideration and if appropriate arrangements are not made at workplaces, their work performance and productivity decrease. It is important to have detailed knowledge about factors creating risk for health in order to develop effective policies and programs directed towards preventing them. Objective: This study was performed to determine perceived effects of menopause on work life and attitudes of an institution towards menopausal women. Methods: The study population included 419 women aged 45-55 years and working at a university. Out of 419 women, 291 could be contacted. Data were collected with a questionaire composed of questions about descriptive characteristics, effects of menopause on work life and support from and attitudes of the institution about menopause. Data collected to reveal menopausal women’s experiences at work were analyzed with statistical methods frequency, percentages and mean. Results: The mean age at which menopause started was 47 years and 89.7% of the women experienced menopausal complaints. Conclusions: Physical conditions at work and stressors were found to increase menopausal complaints and had a negative effect on work performance.

scholarly journals Are post-error adjustments influenced by beliefs in free will? A failure to replicate Rigoni, Wilquin, Brass and Burle, 2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 200664
Author(s):  
Charlotte Eben ◽  
Zhang Chen ◽  
Emiel Cracco ◽  
Marcel Brass ◽  
Joël Billieux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Correct Trial ◽  
Manipulation Check ◽  
Subject Design ◽  
And Control ◽  
Larger Sample

In this pre-registered study, we tried to replicate the study by Rigoni et al. 2013 Cognition 127 , 264–269. In the original study, the authors manipulated the participants’ belief in free will in a between-subject design and subsequently measured post-error slowing (i.e. slower responses after an incorrect trial compared with a correct trial) as a marker of cognitive control. They found less post-error slowing in the group with reduced belief in free will (anti-free will group) compared with a control group in which belief in free will was not manipulated. In the present study, we used the same task procedure and the same free will manipulation (Crick text) in an attempt to replicate these findings. However, we used an online procedure and a larger sample size in order to address concerns about statistical power. Similar to the original study, we also used a questionnaire to measure beliefs in free will as an independent manipulation check. We found a difference in the scores on the questionnaire, thus a reduced belief in free will, after reading the Crick text. However, we did not find any difference in post-error slowing between the anti-free will and control groups. Our findings are in line with several other recent findings suggesting that the Crick text manipulation affects the participants’ self-reported belief in free will but not their behaviour. The present study can be considered a high-powered failed replication attempt.

Arsenic removal by ferric-chloride coagulation – effect of phosphate, bicarbonate and silicate

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 1046-1055 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dóra Laky ◽  
István Licskó
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Ferric Hydroxide ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Coagulant Dosage ◽  
Negative Effect

Jar tests with synthetic water were carried out in order to investigate the effect of phosphate, bicarbonate and silicate on arsenic removal efficiency by in-situ formed ferric hydroxide. Above 12 mg C/L inorganic carbon concentration, the adverse effect of bicarbonate was definite, and resulted in higher remaining arsenic concentration. At all pH values (7.5–7.8) and coagulant dosages (0.84–3.00 mg/L Fe) tested, the negative effect of phosphate on arsenic removal was also evident. In the presence of silicate small ferric-hydroxide colloids were formed, which were able to go through the 0.45 μm pore-size membrane. Compared to silicate-free systems, 2.5–3.5 times higher coagulant dose was needed to achieve the target arsenic concentration in the presence of 14–23 mg/L Si. At higher pH values the adverse effect of silicate was even more significant. All data were merged and multiple linear regression analysis was carried out in order to build up a robust model to predict the residual arsenic concentration if the raw water contains 50–60 μg/L initial arsenic concentration. The estimation was based on the following variables: PO4-P concentration, final pH, Si concentration, Fe(III) dose. The most important influencing factors proved to be the silicate concentration and applied coagulant dosage.

Localizing the Accessory Pathway in Ventricular Preexcitation Patients Using a Score Based Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (01) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Stühlinger ◽  
C. N. Nowak ◽  
K. Spuller ◽  
K. Etsadashvili ◽  
X. Stühlinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Electrophysiology ◽  
Accessory Pathway ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Standardized Residuals ◽  
Study Population ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Ventricular Preexcitation ◽  
Better Than

SummaryObjectives: Clinical data was analyzed to find an efficient way to localize the accessory pathway in patients with ventricular preexcitation.Methods: The delta wave morphologies and ablation sites of 186 patients who underwent catheter ablation were analyzed and an algorithm (“locAP”) to localize the accessory pathway was developed from the 84 data sets with a PQ interval ≤ 0.12 s and a QRS width ≥ 0.12 s. Fifty additional patients were included for a prospective validation. The locAP algorithm ranks 13 locations according to the likelihood that the accessory pathway is localized there. The algorithm is based on the locAP score which uses the standardized residuals of the available data sets.Results: The locAP algorithm’s accuracy is 0.54 for 13 locations, with a sensitivity of 0.84, a specificity of 0.97, and a positive likelihood ratio of 24.94. If the two most likely locations are regarded, the accuracy rises to 0.79, for the three most likely locations combined the accuracy is 0.82. This new algorithm performs better than Milstein’s, Fitzpatrick’s, and Arruda’s algorithm both in the original study population as well as in a prospective study.Conclusions: The locAP algorithm is a valid and valuable tool for clinical practice in a cardiac electrophysiology laboratory. It could be shown that use of the locAP algorithm is favorable over the localizing algorithms that are in clinical use today.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Status and Liver Function of Young Turkeys Receiving a Diet with Full-Fat Insect Meal from Hermetia illucens

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1339
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ognik ◽  
Krzysztof Kozłowski ◽  
Anna Stępniowska ◽  
Piotr Listos ◽  
Damian Józefiak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Lipid Status ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Nutritional Needs

We hypothesized that full-fat insect meal from Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae can be an acceptable source of protein and energy in the diet of young turkeys, in an amount adapted to the nutritional needs of these birds, and at the same time can improve their antioxidant status and metabolism. The turkeys were fed a control diet (HI0) without the insect meal, and three diets with increasing HI content of 5%, 10% and 15% (treatments HI5, HI10 and HI15, respectively). The use of 10% or 15% HI in the diet of young turkeys, while beneficially raising levels of P, Fe and Hb, has a negative effect on lipid metabolism, increasing TC levels, lipid oxidation, and fat deposition in the liver. The inclusion of 5% HI in the diet of young turkeys has no adverse effect on the lipid status and histology of the liver, but it does not improve antioxidant status. To conclude, the level of HI meal in the diet of turkeys should not exceed 5%. However, as similar studies on turkeys have not yet been published, overly general conclusions should not be drawn from the results of the present study, and further research is necessary.

scholarly journals An investigation into the avoidability of drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ibn-Mas’ud Danjuma ◽  
Lina Mohammad Ahmad Naseralallah ◽  
Bodoor AbouJabal ◽  
Mouhand Faisal Mohamed ◽  
Ibrahim Y. Abubeker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Reaction ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Dress Syndrome ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Systemic Symptoms ◽  
Larger Sample

AbstractDrug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a rising morbidity amongst hospitalized patients. Whilst clinical protocols for the management of individual DRESS cases have been well established, determination of potential prevention of these cases by utilizing novel “avoidability” tools has remained unexplored. This retrospective study reviewed records of patients who presented to the emergency department of Weill Cornell Medicine-affiliated Hamad General Hospital, Doha Qatar with suspected DRESS syndrome. These cases were independently adjudicated (utilizing the RegiSCAR, and JSCAR tools) as DRESS-drug pairs by a team of two clinical pharmacists and two General Physicians. They were then rated for potential avoidability with the Liverpool adverse drug reactions avoidability tool (LAAT) by the same team of raters. A total of 16 patients satisfied RegiSCAR criteria for DRESS syndrome. The mean age of the study population was 41.5 years (SD ± 13.3). The study population was predominantly male (n = 12; [75%]). The median latent period from drug ingestion to clinical presentation was 14 days (interquartile range [IQR] 6.5, 29). The median RegiSCAR and J-SCAR scores were 6 (IQR 5, 6.8), 5 (IQR 4, 5.8) respectively. Utilizing the LAAT, about 60% of the DRESS syndrome-drug pairs were rated as “avoidable” (“probable” or “definite”). The overall Krippendorf’s alpha with the LAAT was 0.81 (SE 0.10, CI 0.59–1.00); with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.90 (CI 0.77, 0.96.). In a randomly selected cohort of DRESS syndrome-drug pairs, a significant proportion was potentially avoidable (“possibly” and “definitely”) utilizing the LAAT. This will need validation by larger sample-sized prospective studies utilizing the updated LAAT proposed by this study.

A note on the effect of suckling stimulus on uterine involution, post-partum ovarian activity and fertility in Nili-Ravi buffaloes

1985 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Usmani ◽  
N. Ullah ◽  
S. K. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Larger Sample

ABSTRACTNineteen pluriparous buffaloes of Nili-Ravi breed which calved during the months of October and November 1983 were studied for the effects of sucking stimulus on the uterine involution, post-partum ovarian functions and fertility. On the day of calving, buffaloes were assigned to either a limited-suckling (LS) or non-suckling (NS) group. Changes in reproductive organs were monitored by rectal palpations at weekly intervals. Buffaloes were observed for oestrus twice daily (04.00 and 18.00 h) with the help of a teaser bull, and were artificially inseminated at the first post-partum and each subsequent oestrus. LS buffaloes had a shorter period to uterine involution (20 days) than NS buffaloes (28 days). Intervals to regression of the corpora lutea of pregnancy and to resumption of post-partum follicular development did not differ in the two groups. LS buffaloes had longer intervals to first post-partum oestrus and conception (54 and 88 days respectively) than NS buffaloes (39 and 68 days respectively). However, the difference in services per conception of LS and NS buffaloes was non-significant (2-05 v. 1·62). These limited data reveal that the suckling stimulus has a negative effect on the post-partum resumption of oestrous activity, and that conception is delayed. Further studies are indicated to verify these observations in a larger sample size and during all seasons of the year.

Son preference in Bangladesh: an emerging barrier to fertility regulation

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruhul Amin ◽  
A.G. Mariam
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Contraceptive Use ◽  
National Level ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Son Preference ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Fertility Regulation ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

SummaryThis study investigates the effect of son preference on contraceptive use and desire for additional children using national level survey data from Bangladesh for the years 1969 and 1979. Son preference had a negative effect on contraceptive use and a positive effect on the desire for additional children regardless of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. This adverse effect of son preference on fertility regulation seemed to have persisted over the years. Relevant socioeconomic conditions in Bangladesh are described.

scholarly journals Impact of Leadership Styles Upon Professional Commitment

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (III) ◽  
pp. 325-336
Author(s):  
Afshan Jabeen ◽  
Salahuddin Khan ◽  
Syed Zia-u Islam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Public Colleges ◽  
Professional Commitment ◽  
The Public ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Laissez Faire ◽  
Positive Effect

The current study aimed to assess the effect of different leadership styles (Transformational, Transactional and Laissez-faire styles) upon the professional commitment. The study population encompassed the lecturers in Physical Education of all the public colleges in the province Punjab, Pakistan. Due to accessible population, no sampling techniques were preferred in this research study. The total number of lecturers (PE) was 576, in which 210 were male and 366 were female. Selfdeveloped scales were designed and used for data collection. The total 76% return rate of responses was recorded. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to examine the collected information. On the basis of the findings, it was concluded that there is a positive effect of transactional style of head of institutions leadership upon professional commitment of lecturers (PE). Whereas, Laissez-faire style of leadership has a negative effect upon the professional commitment of lecturers in physical education. It was recommended that seminars and workshops may be arranged for leadership styles.

scholarly journals Analisis Profitabilitas, Struktur Aset, Dan Pertumbuhan Aset Terhadap Struktur Modal Yang Dimoderasi Likuiditas

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ade Ningrum Mulyasari ◽  
Subowo Subowo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Asset Growth ◽  
The Capital Structure

This study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, asset structure, and asset growth on capital structure with liquidity as moderation. The study population is non-financial companies in the LQ45 index listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in 2015-2017. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The study sample are 27 companies for 3 years resulting in 81 units of analysis. The data analysis method used is descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis using moderation regression analysis (MRA). The results showed that profitability and asset growth were positive and significant for the capital structure, the asset structure had a significant negative effect on the capital structure. Liquidity also moderates the negative influence of profitability on the capital structure. Liquidity is not able to moderate the influence of asset structure and asset growth on capital structure.

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