scholarly journals On the supposed development of the animal tissues from cells

1843 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 467-468
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Cellular Tissue ◽  
Linear Series ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solid Substance ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
Fatty Matter ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Foetal Life

The author controverts the prevailing theory of the developement of animal tissues from cells, and denies the accuracy of the microscopical observations on which that theory is founded, as regards the anatomy of the adult as well as of the fœtal tissues. He asserts that at no period of fœtal life can rows of cells be discovered in the act of transformation into muscular fibres: and lie denies that these fibres increase either in length or in thickness by the deposition o new cells. He contends that the ultimate filaments of muscles, as well as all the other tissues of the body, arc formed from the fibrinous portion of the blood, which is itself composed of globules that are disposed to cohere together, either in a linear series, so as to form a net-work of fine filaments, or in aggregated masses of a form more or less globular, composing what have been termed fibrinous corpuscles. These corpuscles have been considered to be the nuclei of cells; but the author regards them as being merely accidental fragments of broken down tissues, adhering to the filaments, and noways concerned in their developement. The more regularly disposed granules, which are observed to occupy the spaces intervening between the filaments composing the ordinary cellular tissue, he considers as being fatty matter deposited within these spaces. He, in like manner, regards the observations tending to show the cellular origin of the fibrous, cartilaginous, and osseous tissues, as altogether fallacious; and maintains that the cells, which these animal textures exhibit when viewed under the microscope, are simply spaces occurring in the more solid substance of these structures, like the cavities which exist in bread. These views are pursued by the author in discussing the formation of the skin, the blood-vessels, and the nerves, and in controverting the theory of secretion, founded on the action of the interior surfaces of the membranes constituting cells.

XIII. Researches, tending to prove the non-vascularity and the peculiar uniform mode of organization and nutrition of certain animal tissues, viz. articular cartilage, and the cartilage of the different classes of fibro-cartilage; the cornea, the crystalline lens, and the vitreous humour; and the epidermoid appendages

1841 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 159-192 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Crystalline Lens ◽  
Considerable Extent ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vitreous Humour ◽  
Animal Tissues ◽  
The Third ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
Vascular Structures

It is now generally acknowledged that the process of nutrition in most animal tissues consists in changes undergone by the nutrient liquor sanguinis, which has exuded into them through the coats of the capillaries ramifying throughout them. The vessels themselves vary in number in different structures: in muscle, the capillaries are very numerous, and the spaces between them very small; whilst in tendon and ligament, on the other hand, the latter are comparatively large; but in all structures, whatever may be the degree of their vascularity, the tissue the furthest removed from the vessel is nourished equally well with that which is in immediate contact with it. In all vascular structures, therefore, there is of necessity a considerable extent of tissue which is nourished without being in contact with blood-vessels, and the know­ledge of this fact forms a necessary introduction to the study of the process of nutri­tion in those organs, into which, whilst in a healthy state, anatomists have never succeeded in tracing blood-vessels. The organized tissues, constituting such non-vascular organs, may be divided into three classes: The first , comprehending articular cartilage, and the cartilage of the different classes of fibro-cartilage; The second , the cornea, the crystalline lens, and the vitreous humour; The third , the epidermoid appendages, viz. the epithelium, the epidermis, nails and claws, hoofs, hair and bristles, feathers, horn, and teeth.

scholarly journals ISTOLOGY STRUCTURE AND HISTOMORPHOMETRY KINTAMANI DOGS SKIN OF BALI ORIGIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-653
Author(s):  
Ni Made Ayu Kurniawati ◽  
Ni Luh Eka Setiasih ◽  
Putu Suastika
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Sweat Gland ◽  
Hair Follicles ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Different Thickness

Kintamani dog is the only Balinese breed has been recognized by Federarion of International Cynology (Fédération Cynologique Internationale). Kintamani dogs live around Sukawana Village, Kintamani District, Bangli Regency, of Bali. The purpose of this study was to determine the hystologycal structure and histomorphometry of kintamani dog skin. The kintamani dog used in this study were 1-2 years old. Histological structure observed by carlzeiss teaching microscope with objective lens magnification 5, 10, 20, 40, and 100x. In this study, the hystologycal structure of kintamani dog consists of the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, except on planum nasale. Planum nasale of kintamani dogs do not have hypodermis. The other components found in the hystologycal structure is sebaseous gland, sweat gland, hair follicles and blood vessels. While the histomorphometry of kintamani dog skin have a different thickness depending on location of the body and gender. In this study, Kintamani dog skin is the thickest in female planum nasale with thickness from epidermis to dermis at 6437.040 ?m and the thinnest in male stomach at 2047.378 ?m.

The Cellular Origin in Atheromatous Lesion

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
T. M. Murad ◽  
H. A. I. Newman ◽  
K. F. Kern
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Rabbit Aorta ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cellular Origin ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Early Lesion

The origin of lipid containing cells in atheromatous lesion has been disputed. Geer in his study on atheromatous lesions of rabbit aorta, suggested that the early lesion is composed mainly of lipid-laden macrophages and the later lesion has a mixed population of macrophages and smooth muscle cells. Parker on the other hand, was able to show evidence that the rabbit lesion is primarily composed of lipid-laden cells of smooth muscle origin. The above studies and many others were done on an intact lesion without any attempt of cellular isolation previous to their ultrastructural studies. Cell isolation procedures have been established for atherosclerotic lesions through collagenase and elastase digestion Therefore this procedure can be utilized to identify the cells involved in rabbit atheroma.

COMPARISON OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE EFFECT OF MOXONIDINE VERSUS CLONIDINE IN RENAL FAILURE PATIENTS.

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
DR.MATHEW GEORGE ◽  
DR.LINCY JOSEPH ◽  
MRS.DEEPTHI MATHEW ◽  
ALISHA MARIA SHAJI ◽  
BIJI JOSEPH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Blood Vessel ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Blood Flows

Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls as the heart pumps out blood, and high blood pressure, also called hypertension, is an increase in the amount of force that blood places on blood vessels as it moves through the body. Factors that can increase this force include higher blood volume due to extra fluid in the blood and blood vessels that are narrow, stiff, or clogged(1). High blood pressure can damage blood vessels in the kidneys, reducing their ability to work properly. When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys.

High Heels sebagai Agensi bagi Tubuh Wanita

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sunandar Macpal ◽  
Fathianabilla Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Body Image Disturbance ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
High Heels ◽  
Experience Pain ◽  
Woman's Body

The aims of this paper is to explain the use of high heels as an agency for a woman's body. Agency context refers to pain in the body but pain is perceived as something positive. In this paper, the method used is a literature review by reviewing writings related to the use of high heels. The findings in this paper that women experience body image disturbance or anxiety because they feel themselves are not beautiful or not attractive. The use of high heels, makes women more attractive and more confident, on the other hand the use of high heels actually makes women feel pain and discomfort. However, for the achievement of beauty standards, women voluntarily allow their bodies to experience pain. However, the agency's willingness to beauty standards here is meaningless without filtering and directly accepted. Instead women keep negotiating with themselves so as to make a decision why use high heels.

EXPRESSION OF SOME IMMUNOLOGIC MARKERS FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF SUSPECTED LYMPHOID LESIONS OF LYMPHOMA

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Mao Nguyen Van ◽  
Thao Le Thi Thu
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Tumour Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immunologic Markers ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Poor Differentiation ◽  
Benign Tumours

Background: In practice it was difficult or impossible to have a correct diagnosis for the lymphoid proliferation lesions based on only H.E standard histopathology. In addition to histopathology, the application of immunohistochemistry was indispensable for the definitive diagnosis of the malignant or benign tumours and the origin of the tumour cells as well. Objectives: 1. To describe the gross and microscopic features of the suspected lesions of lymphoma; 2. To asses the expression of some immunologic markers for the diagnosis and classification of the suspected lesions of lymphoma. Materials and Method: Cross-sectional research on 81 patients diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphoma, following with immunohistopathology staining of 6 main markers including LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3. Results: The most site was lymph node 58.1% which appeared at cervical region 72.3%, then the stomach 14.9% and small intestine 12.4%. The other sites in the body were met with lower frequency. Histopathologically, the most type of the lesions was atypical hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue suspecting the lymphomas 49.4%, lymphomas 34.5%, the other diagnoses were lower including inflammation, poor differentiation carcinoam not excluding the lymphomas, lymphomas differentiating with poor differentiation carcinomas. Immunohistochemistry showed that, LCA, CD3, CD20, Bcl2, CD30 and AE1/3 were all positive depending on such type of tumours. The real lymphomas were 48/81 cases (59.3%), benign ones 35.8% and poor differentiated carcinomas 4.9%. Conclusion: Immunohistochemistry with 6 markers could help to diagnose correctly as benign or malignant lesions, classify and determine the origin of the tumour cells as lymphocytes or epithelial cells diagnosed by histopathology as lymphomas or suspected lesions of lymphomas. Key words: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, lymphomas, poor differentiated carcinomas, hyperplasia, atypicality

Basic Concepts and Definitions of Allergology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran Vrucinic
Keyword(s):  
Immune Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Medical Vocabulary ◽  
The Future ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Basic Insight ◽  
Insight Into

The future of medicine belongs to immunology and alergology. I tried to not be too wide in description, but on the other hand to mention the most important concepts of alergology to make access to these diseases more understandable, logical and more useful for our patients, that without complex pathophysiology and mechanism of immune reaction,we gain some basic insight into immunological principles. The name allergy to medicine was introduced by Pirquet in 1906, and is of Greek origin (allos-other + ergon-act; different reaction), essentially representing the reaction of an organism to a substance that has already been in contact with it, and manifested as a specific response thatmanifests as either a heightened reaction, a hypersensitivity, or as a reduced reaction immunity. Synonyms for hypersensitivity are: altered reactivity, reaction, hypersensitivity. The word sensitization comes from the Latin (sensibilitas, atis, f.), which means sensibility,sensitivity, and has retained that meaning in medical vocabulary, while in immunology and allergology this term implies the creation of hypersensitivity to an antigen. Antigen comes from the Greek words, anti-anti + genos-genus, the opposite, anti-substance substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.

Harnessing clay nano-particles for stem-cell driven tissue regeneration, EPSRC

Impact ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-28
Author(s):  
Jonathan Dawson ◽  
Richard Oreffo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
The Right

Gels made from clay could provide an environment able to stimulate stem-cells due to their ability to bind biological molecules. That molecules stick to clay has been known by scientists since the 1960s. Doctors observed that absorption into the blood stream of certain drugs was severely reduced when patients were also receiving clay-based antacid or anti-diarrhoeal treatments. This curious phenomenon was realized to be due to binding of the drugs by clay particles. This interaction is now routinely harnessed in the design of tablets to carefully control the release and action of a drug. Dr Dawson now proposes to use this property of clay to create micro-environments that could stimulate stem cells to regenerate damaged tissues such as bone, cartilage or skin. The rich electrostatic properties of nano (1 millionth of a millimetre) -scale clay particles which mediate these interactions could allow two hurdles facing the development of stem-cell based regenerative therapies to be overcome simultaneously. The first challenge - to deliver and hold stem cells at the right location in the body - is met by the ability of clays to self-organise into gels via the electrostatic interactions of the particles with each other. Cells mixed with a low concentration (less than 4%) of clay particles can be injected into the body and held in the right place by the gel, eliminating, in many situations, the need for surgery. Clay particles can also interact with large structural molecules (polymers) which are frequently used in the development of materials (or 'scaffolds'), designed to host stem cells. These interactions can greatly improve the strength of such structures and could be applied to preserve their stability at the site of injury until regeneration is complete. While several gels and scaffold materials have been designed to deliver and hold stem cells at the site of regeneration, the ability of clay nanoparticles to overcome a second critical hurdle facing stem-cell therapy is what makes them especially exciting. Essential to directing the activity of stem-cells is the carefully controlled provision of key biological signalling molecules. However, the open structures of conventional scaffolds or gels, while essential for the diffusion of nutrients to the cells, means their ability to hold the signalling molecules in the same location as the cells is limited. The ability of clay nano-particles to bind biological molecules presents a unique opportunity to create local environments at a site of injury or disease that can stimulate and control stem-cell driven repair. Dr Dawson's early studies investigated the ability of clay gels to stimulate the growth of new blood vessels by incorporating a key molecular signal that stimulates this process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). In a manner reminiscent of the observations made in the 60s, Dr Dawson and colleagues observed that adding a drop of clay gel to a solution containing VEGF caused, after a few hours, the disappearance of VEGF from the solution as it became bound to the gel. When placed in an experimental injury model, the gel-bound VEGF stimulated a cluster of new blood vessels to form. These exciting results indicate the potential of clay nanoparticles to create tailor-made micro-environments to foster stem cell regeneration. Dr Dawson is developing this approach as a means of first exploring the biological signals necessary to successfully control stem cell behaviour for regeneration and then, using the same approach, to provide stem cells with these signals to stimulate regeneration in the body. The project will seek to test this approach to regenerate bone lost to cancer or hip replacement failure. If successful the same technology may be applied to harness stem cells for the treatment of a whole host of different scenarios, from burn victims to those suffering with diabetes or Parkinson's.

Body and Soul

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Image
Keyword(s):  
Human Person ◽  
Fourth Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spiritual Nature ◽  
Body And Soul ◽  
Century Thought

This chapter discusses Hilary’s dichotomous body–soul anthropology. Although past scholars have tried to categorize Hilary as ‘Platonic’ or ‘Stoic’, these categories do not fully summarize fourth-century thought, not least because two-way as well as three-way expressions of the human person are also found in Scripture. The influence of Origen is demonstrated with particular reference to the commentary on Ps. 118.73, informed by parallels in Ambrose and the Palestinian Catena. As a result, it is possible to ascribe differences between Hilary’s commentaries to the fact that one is more reliant on Origen than the other. Nevertheless, Hilary’s position always seems to be that the body and soul should be at harmony until the body takes on the spiritual nature of the soul.

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