Searches for cosmic magnetic monopoles: past, present and future

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2161) ◽  
pp. 20180328
Author(s):  
Laura Patrizii ◽  
Zouleikha Sahnoun ◽  
Vincent Togo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
New Research

A paper titled ‘Quantised singularities in the electromagnetic field’ by P.A.M. Dirac appeared in 1931 in the Proceedings of the Royal Society A . The paper concerned ‘[ ·  s ] the reason for the existence of a smallest electric charge.’ Dirac showed that the quantization of the electric charge follows from the existence of at least one free magnetic charge, finding ‘a connection between the smallest electric charge and the smallest magnetic pole’, a connection called since then the ‘Dirac relation’. That seminal paper marked the opening of a new research field that has grown considerably since then. The search for magnetic monopoles in cosmic radiation encompasses many fields, from particle physics to astrophysics, from the extremely small to cosmology. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Topological avatars of new physics’.

scholarly journals HIDDEN DIRAC MONOPOLES

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (24) ◽  
pp. 4023-4037 ◽  
Author(s):  
VICENTE VENTO
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Magnetic Pole ◽  
Experimental Search ◽  
Grand Unified Theories ◽  
Unified Theories ◽  
Discrete Nature ◽  
Magnetic Poles ◽  
The Universe

Dirac showed that the existence of one magnetic pole in the universe could offer an explanation of the discrete nature of the electric charge. Magnetic poles appear naturally in most grand unified theories. Their discovery would be of greatest importance for particle physics and cosmology. The intense experimental search carried thus far has not met with success. I propose a universe with magnetic poles which are not observed free because they hide in deeply bound monopole–antimonopole states named monopolium. I discuss the realization of this proposal and its consistency with known cosmological features. I furthermore analyze its implications and the experimental signatures that confirm the scenario.

scholarly journals The MoEDAL Experiment at the LHC - Searching for Physics Beyond the Standard Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02096
Author(s):  
James Pinfold
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Magnetic Monopole ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Beyond The Standard Model ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
The Standard Model

MoEDAL is a pioneering experiment designed to search for highly ionizing messengers of new physics such as magnetic monopoles or massive (pseudo-)stable charged particles, that are predicted to exist in a plethora of models beyond the Standard Model. It started data taking at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, in 2015. MoEDAL’s ground breaking physics program defines a number of scenarios that yield potentially revolutionary insights into such foundational questions as: are there extra dimensions or new symmetries; what is the mechanism for the generation of mass; does magnetic charge exist; and what is the nature of dark matter. MoEDAL’s purpose is to meet such far-reaching challenges at the frontier of the field. We will present an overview of the MoEDAL detector, including the planned MAPP subdetector, as well as MoEDAL’s physics program. The concluding section highlights our first physics results on Magnetic Monopole production, that are the world’s best for Monopoles with multiple magnetic charge.

scholarly journals Ongoing magnetic monopole searches with IceCube

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02071
Author(s):  
Frederik Lauber
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Magnetic Monopole ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Cherenkov Light ◽  
Light Production ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Production Mechanisms ◽  
Luminescence Light

The IceCube collaboration has instrumented a cubic kilometer of ice with 5160 photo-multipliers. While mainly developed to detect Cherenkov light, any visible light can be used to detect particles within the ice. Magnetic monopoles are hypothetical particles predicted by many theories that extend the Standard model of Particle Physics. They are carriers of a single elementary magnetic charge. For this particle, different light production mechanisms dominate from direct Cherenkov light at highly relativistic velocities (> 0:76 c), indirect Cherenkov light at mildly relativistic velocities (> 0:5 c to 0:76 c), luminescence light at low relativistic velocities (≳ 0:1 c to 0:5 c), as well as catalysis of proton decay at non relativistic velocities (≲ 0:1 c). For each of this speed ranges, searches for magnetic monopoles at the IceCube experiment are either in progress or they have already set the worlds best limits on the flux of magnetic monopoles. A summary of these searches will be presented, outlining already existing results as well as methods used by the currently conducted searches.

scholarly journals Quantized gravito-magnetic charges from WIMT: cosmological consequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Martín Romero ◽  
Mauricio Bellini
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Electric Charge ◽  
Magnetic Monopole ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
Topological String ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Matter Theory ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Induced Matter ◽  
The Universe

Using the formalism of Weitzenböck induced matter theory (WIMT) we calculate the gravito-magnetic charge on a topological string, which is induced through a foliation on a five-dimensional (5D) gravito-electromagnetic vacuum defined on a 5D Ricci-flat metric, which produces symmetry breaking on an axis. We obtain the resonant result that the quantized charges are induced on the effective four-dimensional hypersurface. This quantization describes the behavior of a test gravito-electric charge in the vicinity of a point gravito-magnetic monopole, both geometrically induced from a 5D vacuum. We demonstrate how gravito-magnetic monopoles would decrease exponentially during the inflationary expansion of the universe.

scholarly journals Constraining the existence of magnetic monopoles by Dirac-dual electric charge renormalization effect under the Planck scale limit

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (24) ◽  
pp. 1650133
Author(s):  
Yanbin Deng ◽  
Changyu Huang ◽  
Yong-Chang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Charge ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
Planck Scale ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Group Equation ◽  
Coupling Constant ◽  
Electric Coupling ◽  
Charge Quantization ◽  
Planck Energy

It was suggested by dimensional analysis that there exists a limit called the Planck energy scale coming close to which the gravitational effects of physical processes would inflate and struggle for equal rights so as to spoil the validity of pure nongravitational physical theories that governed well below the Planck energy. Near the Planck scale, the Planck charges, Planck currents, or Planck parameters can be defined and assigned to physical quantities such as the single particle electric charge and magnetic charge as the ceiling value obeyed by the low energy ordinary physics. The Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization relation as one form of electric-magnetic duality dictates that, the present low value electric charge corresponds to a huge magnetic charge value already passed the Planck limit so as to render theories of magnetic monopoles into the strong coupling regime, and vice versa, that small and tractable magnetic charge values correspond to huge electric charge values. It suggests that for theoretic models in which the renormalization group equation provides rapid growth for the running electric coupling constant, it is easier for the dual magnetic monopoles to emerge at lower energy scales. Allowing charges to vary with the Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization relation while keeping values under the Planck limit informs that the magnetic charge value drops below the Planck ceiling value into the manageable region when the electric coupling constant grows to one fourth at a model dependent energy scale, and continues dropping toward half the value of the Planck magnetic charge as the electric coupling constant continues growing at the model dependent rate toward one near Planck energy scale.

CHARLES J. PEDERSEN E LE ORIGINI DELLA CHIMICA SUPRAMOLECOLARE

Nuncius ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-168
Author(s):  
LUIGI CERRUTI ◽  
FRANCESCA TURCO
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Present Essay ◽  
The World ◽  
New Research ◽  
Experimental Researches

Abstracttitle SUMMARY /title The essay is divided in three parts. The first part is dedicated to C. J. Pedersen and to his work in the Du Pont laboratories. After a brief biography and a description of the research milieu at Du Pont, the narrative follows the discovery of crown ethers, its announcement with the momentous 'blockbuster' of 1967, and its immediate impact on the chemical community. In this first part it is also emphasised how the Du Pont Patent Division imposed a very long delay on the publication of Pedersen's seminal paper. The second part of the present essay describes the initial contributions by J.-M. Lehn and D. J. Cramm. The innovative and different features of their researches are analysed, as well as the progressive establishment of the new research field. The third and last part discusses the three Nobel Lectures given in 1987 by Pedersen, Lehn and Cramm; an attentive reading of the texts reveals the research intentions, writing styles, and epistemological awareness of the three Authors. Beside the narrative of the origin of supramolecular chemistry, the principal results of the essay are: (a) the co-operative effect of very different experimental researches also in the highly specialised contemporary chemistry; (b) further evidence on the contrast between auto-biographical reconstruction of the past and the historical documents; (c) the feasibility of historical research on recent disciplinary events and processes; (d) the usefulness of sources found on the World Wide Web.

scholarly journals THE MoEDAL EXPERIMENT AT THE LHC — A NEW LIGHT ON THE HIGH ENERGY FRONTIER

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (03) ◽  
pp. 1430003
Author(s):  
JAMES L. PINFOLD
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Extra Dimensions ◽  
Hadron Collider ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Energy Frontier ◽  
The Big Bang

In 2010, the CERN (European Centre for Particle Physics Research) Research Board unanimously approved MoEDAL, the seventh international experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), which is designed to search for avatars of new physics signified by highly ionizing particles. A MoEDAL discovery would have revolutionary implications for our understanding of the microcosm, providing insights into such fundamental questions as: do magnetic monopoles exist, are there extra dimensions or new symmetries of nature; what is the mechanism for the generation of mass; what is the nature of dark matter and how did the big bang unfurl at the earliest times.

scholarly journals The MoEDAL experiment: a new light on the high-energy frontier

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2161) ◽  
pp. 20190382 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Pinfold
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Monopole ◽  
Magnetic Charge ◽  
High Energy ◽  
New Physics ◽  
Magnetic Monopoles ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Physics Program ◽  
8 Tev ◽  
Energy Frontier ◽  
Official Data

MoEDAL is a pioneering LHC experiment designed to search for anomalously ionizing messengers of new physics, such as the magnetic monopole. After a test run at 8 TeV centre-of-mass energy ( E cm ), it started official data taking at the LHC at an E cm of 13 TeV, in 2015. Its groundbreaking physics program defines a number of scenarios that yield potentially revolutionary insights into such foundational questions as: are there extra dimensions or new symmetries; what is the mechanism for the generation of mass; does magnetic charge exist; do topological particles exist; and what is the nature of dark matter? After a brief introduction, MoEDAL's progress to date will be reported, including its past, current and expected future physics output. Additionally, an upgrade to the MoEDAL detector consisting of two new subdetectors: MAPP (MoEDAL Apparatus for Penetrating Particles) now being prototyped at IP8; and MALL (MoEDAL Apparatus for very long-lived particles), will be presented. Finally, a possible astroparticle extension to MoEDAL, called Cosmic-MoEDAL, will be briefly described. This high altitude detector will allow the search for magnetic monopoles to be continued from the TeV scale to the GUT scale. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘Topological avatars of new physics’.

Wspólnota semantyczno-leksykalna języków europejskich. O monografii: А.А. Кретов, О.М. Воевудская, И.А. Меркулова, В.Т. Титов, Единство Европы по данным лексики (Воронеж: Издательский дом ВГУ, 2016, ss. 413 [1])

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (XXIII) ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wojan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Linguistic Typology ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Theoretical Linguistics ◽  
Research Concept ◽  
New Research

This article outlines the original research concept developed and applied by the Voronezh researchers, which brought both quantitative and qualitative results to the field of linguistic comparative research. Their monograph is devoted to the macrotypological unity of the lexical semantics of the languages in Europe. In addition, semantic stratification of Russian and Polish lexis has been analyzed. Their research concept is now known as the “lexical-semantic macrotypological school of Voronezh.” Representatives of this school have created a new research field in theoretical linguistics – a lexical-semantic language macrotypology as a branch of linguistic typology. The monograph has been widely discussed and reviewed in Russia.

Judicial geography as a legal science and academic discipline

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 122-137
Author(s):  
Almaz F. Abdulvaliev
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Criminal Procedure ◽  
Mapping Method ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
New Research

This article presents the conceptual foundations for the formation of a new research field “Judicial Geography”, including the prerequisites for its creation, academic, and theoretical development, both in Russia and abroad. The purpose of the study is to study the possibility of applying geographical methods and means in criminal law, criminal procedure, and in judicial activity in general via the academic direction “Judicial Geography”. The author describes in detail the main elements of judicial geography and its role and significance for such legal sciences, as criminal law, criminal procedure, criminalistics, and criminology among others. The employed research methods allow showing the main vectors of the development of judicial geography, taking into account the previous achievements of Russian and worldwide academics. The author indicates the role and place of judicial geography in the system of legal sciences. This study suggests a concept of using scientific geographical methods in the study of various legal phenomena of a criminal and criminal-procedural nature when considering the idea of building judicial bodies and judicial instances, taking into account geographical and climatic factors. In this regard, the author advises to introduce the special course “Judicial Geography”, which would allow law students to study the specifics of the activities of the judiciary and preliminary investigation authorities from a geographical point of view, as well as to use various geographical methods, including the mapping method, in educational and practical activities. The author concludes that forensic geography may become a new milestone for subsequent scientific research in geography and jurisprudence.

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