scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities studies of Acacia nilotica fruit cover

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelhamed A. Abdalla ◽  
Mujahed I. Mustafa ◽  
Abdelrafie M. Makhawi
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

AbstractThis study was carried out in Khartoum state, during November, 2019. Acacia nilotica was chosen for this study because of its using traditionally in treatment of many diseases. The Phytochemical constitutions of A. nilotica were investigated with aim to identify the antimicrobial effects of this plant. The dried fruit cover of Acacia nilotica was extracted successively with petroleum-ether, chloroform, methanol and distilled water. The phytochemical screening carried out on different extracts of Acacia nilotica fruit cover showed high amount of Glycosides, Flavonoids and Terpenoids (in all extracts) and moderate amount of Tannin in methanol and distilled water extracts, Alkaloids (acid and base) in methanol extract and Saponin in methanol and petroleum-ether extracts. The antimicrobial activity of extracts were evaluated against four standard bacteria species (gram positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis) and (gram negative bacteria; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). The plates were inoculated for sensitivity testing, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was measured. The results of antimicrobial investigation show that the distilled water and methanolic extracts inhibited the growth of all microorganisms (Specified by the zone of inhibition). The results provide promising baseline information for potential use of these crude extracts in drug development programs in the pharmaceutical industries.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of stem extract of Coleus forskohlii L. collected from Al-Baha Area, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 078-086
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Yahya Al-Ghamdi
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical screening, total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Coleus forskohlii L. stem extract in Al-Baha area, Saudi Arabia. Stem samples were collected from Al-Baha area and air-dried followed by extraction with ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. The extracts were then subjected to phytochemical screening, determination of total phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Results showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, steroids, saponins, and reducing sugars. Total phenolic content was significantly (P<0.001) higher in n-butanol extract (274.33±3.29 mg GAE/gm), followed by ethyl acetate extract (182.94±1.82 mg GAE/gm), ethanol extract (79.63±2.02 mg GAE/gm) and petroleum ether extract (73.38±3.07 mg GAE/gm), while the lowest content was in chloroform extract (60.06±2.12 mg GAE/gm). The antioxidant activity was significantly (P<0.001) higher in n-butanol extract (67.68±1.55%), followed by ethyl acetate extract (43.38±1.27%), ethanol extract (36.02±1.29%), petroleum ether extract (20.71±0.59%) and chloroform extract (19.73±0.74%). The antimicrobial activity showed that all microorganisms tested were resistant at the concentration of 25 and 50 mg/ml of plant extracts, whereas the concentrations of 100, 150 and 200 mg/ml showed varying activities against gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa), gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus) and Candida albicans. The study concluded that the stem extracts of C. forskohlli have promising pharmacological and biological activities that could be beneficial in pharmaceutical as well as food and medicinal industries.

Preliminary Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Medicinal Plants Used In Ebiraland

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
AI Alli ◽  
JO Ehinmidu ◽  
YKE Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Abrus Precatorius ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Dried leaves of Abrus precatorius, Desmodium ramosissimum, Scoparia dulcis and aerial parts of Phyllanthus amarus used in folkloric medicine of Ebiraland were extracted with hexane, methanol and water sequentially using soxhlet apparatus. The extracts were screened for antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans using the agar-cup diffusion protocol. All the extracts except the hexane extract of Abrus precatorius were active against at least two of the test microorganisms at the highest concentration of 100 mg/ml used in this study. The aqueous and methanolic extracts of Phyllanthus amarus were active against all the test microorganisms. The methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus also showed a broad spectrum of activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (M.I.C.) of 1.56 mg/ml against all the test microorganisms. The extracts were also screened for secondary metabolites and the result indicated the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins and terpenoids. The results of this investigation, appears to justify the ethnomedicinal uses of these plants for the traditional treatment of infectious diseases. However, further investigation is required to obtain more information on their antimicrobial potentials and also to isolate their bioactive compounds. Keywords: Medicinal plants, antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration, phytochemical screening.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening of Aqueous, Ethanolic and Methanolic Extracts of Morus mesozygia Linn. Stapf., Leaves

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-46
Author(s):  
Marcella Tari Joshua ◽  
Edna O. Nwachukwu ◽  
N. Boisa ◽  
Nsirim Nduka
Keyword(s):  
Fine Powder ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Aim: This study focused on the phytochemical screening of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic leaf extracts on the species Morus mesozygia linn. Study Design: This study was a cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out at the Plant Anatomy and Physiology Research Laboratory, University of Port Harcourt, between July, 2018 and November, 2018. Methodology: Morus mesozygia linn leaves were collected and washed with distilled water, air dried for seven days and milled into fine powder. Maceration method was use to extract the powdered leaf into a brownish paste using three different solvents; distilled water, ethanol and methanol. The different plant extracts were subjected to qualitative phytochemical screening for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, tannins and anthraquinones. Quantitative phytochemical analysis was done using a Gas chromatography – Mass Spectroscopy machine. Results: Results showed that the powdered Morus mesozygia linn leaves contained alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, tannins, but not anthraquinones. The methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts contained high amounts of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins, while the ethanolic extract also contained high amounts of the aforementioned phytochemicals in the same proportion, but had saponins in moderate amounts. The result of the GC-MS analysis showed that the three extracts contained complex compounds in varying amounts. Conclusion: Phytochemical screening test of Morus mesozygia has revealed the presence of the substances like alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, oils, phenolic compounds, tannins and some complex compounds discovered using GC-MS technique.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF BIOACTIVE CHEMICALS IN SUNFLOWER (Tithonia diversifolia) ROOTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Ahmed, S.O
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Tithonia Diversifolia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Wild Sunflower

Plants are the most available sources of nutrients and phytochemicals; they have also played an important role in the development of drugs and treatment of various ailments in many countries. Therefore, this study was carried out to ascertain the preliminary phytochemical screening of bioactive chemicals in wild sunflower (Tithonia diversifolia) root. The solvents used for extraction includes: petroleum ether, methanol and distilled water. Results revealed that tannins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, carbohydrates and protein were present in the aqueous extract; only saponins were not detected in the sample. Methanol and petroleum ether follow similar pattern as tannins, flavonoids, phenols, steroids, glycosides, saponins carbohydrates and protein were all present in the sample. It was concluded that the extract contained several bioactive chemicals which could confer it the ability to have therapeutic or pharmacological effects on human and animals.  

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA QUADRIFIDA LINN.

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAGTAP SUPRIYA ◽  
GUJAR KISHOR ◽  
GHARE ANIKET
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate in vitro antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and preliminary phytochemical screening of the leaves of Portulaca quadrifida (Linn.). Methods: The solvent extract such as petroleum ether, methanol, and water on the leaves of P. quadrifida (Linn) was prepared by Soxhlet extraction (continuous hot percolation method). These solvent extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic E. coli and B. subtilis at various concentrations and were measured by observing zone of inhibition in mm by disc diffusion method (cup plate method). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the flavonoids, fats, and oils in all extracts. Similarly, the presence of alkaloids and tannins was obtained in the petroleum ether and methanolic extracts, while the presence of glycosides was obtained in the methanolic and water extracts. Further, proteins and sterols were found in petroleum extracts. The results of antimicrobial activity shown that methanolic extracts of the plant leaf showed good antimicrobial activity and petroleum ether and water extract showed similar activity but less antimicrobial activity than methanolic extract. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were compared with standard antibiotic such as chloramphenicol. Conclusion: P. quadrifida (Linn.) has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and a potential source of new classes of antibiotics that could be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of this plant indicates the presence of major phytoconstituents which may have been responsible for the observed antimicrobial property.  

The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts from houseleek (Sempervivum marmoreum L.) leaves

Planta Medica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Stojièević ◽  
I Stanisavljević ◽  
D Velièković ◽  
V Veljković ◽  
M Lazić
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activities

scholarly journals Valorization of Kiwi by-Products for the Recovery of Bioactive Compounds: Circular Economy Model

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Franklin Chamorro ◽  
María Carpena ◽  
Bernabé Nuñez-Estevez ◽  
Miguel A. Prieto ◽  
Jesus Simal-Gandara
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
By Products

Currently, agricultural production generates large amounts of organic waste, both from the maintenance of farms and crops, and from the industrialization of the product. Generally, these wastes are accumulated in landfills or burned, sometimes causing environmental problems. However, many scientific studies suggest that these residues are rich in bioactive compounds, so these matrices could be revalued for their use in food, cosmetic, or pharmaceutical industries. In this way, the circular and sustainable economy is favored, while obtaining products with high added value. In this case, this approach is applied to the residues generated from kiwi production, since numerous studies have shown the high content of kiwi in bioactive compounds of interest, such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, and carotenoids. These compounds have been reported for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities, among other beneficial properties for health such as its use as prebiotic. Therefore, this article reviews the potential of residues derived from industrial processing and agricultural maintenance of kiwi as promising matrices for the development of new nutraceutical, cosmetic, or pharmacological products, obtaining, at the same time, economic returns and a reduction of the environmental impact of this industry, attaching it to the perspective of the circular economy.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Cerumenolytic Activities of New and Currently Used Agents

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132098606
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quynh Anh ◽  
Pawin Numthavaj ◽  
Thongchai Bhongmakapat
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Potassium Hydroxide ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
All Solutions

Objectives: This study compared the cerumen dissolution activities of 7.5% sodium bicarbonate, 5% potassium hydroxide, 10% lactic acid, 3% salicylic acid, 10% glycolic acid, and distilled water. Methods: An in vitro study was conducted with 36 cerumen samples. The cerumenolytic activities of the 6 agents were assessed by recording the degree of cerumen disintegration using digital photography at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours, and 12 hours. The undissolved cerumen that remained after 12 hours was removed from the solutions and weighed after drying. Results: Potassium hydroxide showed the fastest cerumenolytic activity, dissolving a moderate amount of cerumen at 30 minutes, while glycolic acid and salicylic acid caused no visible changes in the cerumen samples. Samples treated with potassium hydroxide and sodium bicarbonate exhibited higher degrees of disintegration compared to samples treated with distilled water (odds ratio and 95% CI: 273.237 [0.203-367 470.4] and 1.129 [0.002-850.341], respectively). The greatest reduction in cerumen weight was associated with the use of sodium bicarbonate; however, this result did not reach statistical significance. Conclusions: Among the solutions tested, 5% potassium hydroxide showed the fastest dissolution activity, yielding moderate disintegration within only 30 minutes. In terms of residual cerumen weight within 12 hours, all solutions exhibited equivalent effectiveness in the disintegration of cerumen.

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