scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF PORTULACA QUADRIFIDA LINN.

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAGTAP SUPRIYA ◽  
GUJAR KISHOR ◽  
GHARE ANIKET
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate in vitro antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis and preliminary phytochemical screening of the leaves of Portulaca quadrifida (Linn.). Methods: The solvent extract such as petroleum ether, methanol, and water on the leaves of P. quadrifida (Linn) was prepared by Soxhlet extraction (continuous hot percolation method). These solvent extracts were screened for antimicrobial activity against enterotoxigenic E. coli and B. subtilis at various concentrations and were measured by observing zone of inhibition in mm by disc diffusion method (cup plate method). Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the flavonoids, fats, and oils in all extracts. Similarly, the presence of alkaloids and tannins was obtained in the petroleum ether and methanolic extracts, while the presence of glycosides was obtained in the methanolic and water extracts. Further, proteins and sterols were found in petroleum extracts. The results of antimicrobial activity shown that methanolic extracts of the plant leaf showed good antimicrobial activity and petroleum ether and water extract showed similar activity but less antimicrobial activity than methanolic extract. The antimicrobial activities of extracts were compared with standard antibiotic such as chloramphenicol. Conclusion: P. quadrifida (Linn.) has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and a potential source of new classes of antibiotics that could be useful for infectious disease chemotherapy and control. The phytochemical analysis of the crude extracts of this plant indicates the presence of major phytoconstituents which may have been responsible for the observed antimicrobial property.  

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antifungal activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance (Apiaceae) an endemic plant from Nasik district (M.S.) India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 1886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemantkumar Atmaram Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Agar Disc

Medicinal plants are a source of great economic value all over the world. Various medicinal plants have been used for years in daily life to treat diseases. Present study illustrates the phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance. The selected plant Fruits were collected and powdered. The bioactive compounds were extracted by using Methanol, Ethanol, Petroleum ether and water in a soxhlet extractor. The antimicrobial activity was determined by using agar disc and well diffusion method. Acetone and chloroform extracts were mixed with 1ml diethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and added into the well. The extract of Methanol with Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance has shown maximum zone of inhibition against bacterial pathogens when compared to chloral and water extract. Phytochemical analysis reflected the antimicrobial activity of Pinda concanensis (Dalzell) P.K. Mukh. & Constance which is due to the presence of phytochemical compounds like alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, flavonoids, Saponins, Phenolic compounds and tannins. The results of agar well diffusion method indicated the inhibition and it depends largely upon plant parts used and organism tested.

In-vitro anti-bacterial activity and phytochemical screening of crude extracts of Catharanthus roseus L. (G.) Don.

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Kapoor ◽  
Jyoti Rani ◽  
Rupinder Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Cardiac Glycosides ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Aqueous Methanol

Present study aims to investigate phytochemical analysis as well as in vitro antimicrobial activity of crude aqueous, methanol, ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts from leaves of C. roseus. Antimicrobial activity of extract was studied against various bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium smegmatis). Qualitative preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, amino acid and cardiac glycosides are present in the extracts. The result for total phenol and flavonoids content was the highest in methanol and the lowest in petroleum ether crude extract. The study revealed that inhibition significantly depend upon the solvent used for extraction and bacterial strain tested for susceptibility. Aqueous extracts were found less efficient as compared to organic solvent. Methanolic extract were found more effective against tested microbes.

scholarly journals PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA AND PLECTRANTHUS AMBOINICUS EXTRACT

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-17
Author(s):  
GEJALAKSHMI S. ◽  
R. SENTHILRAJ ◽  
TANISHA B. A. ◽  
SRUTHI S. ◽  
THARUN KUMAR M.
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objective: In the present research, a clear systematic investigation of phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of herbal plants such as Azadirachta indica and Plectranthus amboinicus has been carried out. Methods: The aqueous and alcoholic extract was prepared in soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extracts was performed and analysed. The in vitro antimicrobial activity was performed by cup plate method. These extracts were studied under agar diffusion method against three bacterial species such as Bacillussubtills, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli at 5µg, 50 µg and 250 µg concentration. Results: The combine extract showed a predominant activity against these bacteria, which confirmed antimicrobial activity in AEAI and AEPA Conclusion: The results obtained in this study clearly indicate that AEAI and AEPA has a significant potential to use as an antimicrobial agent

IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CYNODON DACTYLON (L.) PERS. LEAF EXTRACTS. ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY BY ZONE OF INHIBITION ESTIMATION

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (04) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
S. M Pawaskar ◽  
◽  
K. C. Sasangan
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity

The present study was undertaken to evaluate in vitro antimicrobial activity of the successive leaf extracts of Cynodon dactylon in petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, methanol and water, against various gram positive & gram negative bacterial strains using zone of inhibition. Both Agar well diffusion method & Agar disc diffusion method were used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. The microorganisms used in the test were – Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella paratyphi A, Salmonella paratyphi B, Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio cholerac and Enterobacter aerogenes. Two fungal strains - Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also tested to evaluate the antifungal potential of the said plant extract. The reference antibiotics chloramphenicol & ampicillin (antibacterial); nystatin & clotrimazole and (antifungal) were also tested against these standard microorganisms used in the assay and the results were compared with that of the plant extracts.The results of the study revealed that all the seven successive extracts of the leaf powder of Cynodon dactylon ( L.) Pers. exhibited prominent antimicrobial and antifungal activity against all microorganisms used in the study. The nonpolar extracts i.e. petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and acetone showed the most significant antibacterial and antifungal activity against all tested organisms. The petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts showing maximum inhibition in the range of 8 mm - 15 mm. This was closely followed by, acetone extract, which showed the inhibition in the range of 9 mm - 13 mm.

scholarly journals In Vitro Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity and Datura Innoxia Extracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-185
Author(s):  
Adam IY Shama ◽  
YM Abd-Kreem ◽  
AA Fadowa ◽  
RM Samar ◽  
MK Sabahelkhier
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibacterial Drug ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Datura Innoxia ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Leaves And Roots

The aim of this study was evaluated the Antimicrobial Activity of extraction of Datura innoxia (Seeds, leaves and roots). Datura innoxia Seeds, leaves and roots were collected to examine their antimicrobial activity. Extracts of different parts of the plant were tested against standard microorganisms by using the agar- well diffusion method. Extracts of methanol, and aqueous of seeds, leaves and roots were prepared and tested against four types of bacteria namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris and two types of fungi namely: Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The methanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves showed high activities against fungi (A. niger) and less effect on the all bacteria. The methanolic extracts of seeds showed high activities against all organisms except fungi (C. albicanas), while the aqueous extracts of seeds showed no activity on the bacteria. All organisms were examined against known standard antibiotics and then compare the results of plant extracts with standard antibiotics. The results indicated that the antibacterial drug is less active than the plant extracts, while the antifungal drugs are more active than the plant extracts. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i3.11077 International Journal of Environment Vol.3(3) 2014: 173-185

scholarly journals Phytochemical Screening, Mathematical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Methanolic Seed Extract of Hunteria Umbellata

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Raphael Aderele ◽  
Adekunle Kareem Rasaq ◽  
Johnson Oshiobugie Momoh
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
T Test ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Agar Well Diffusion Method

Aim: The study evaluates the in-vitro antimicrobial activity of Hunteria umbellata against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus sp. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out for three months in 2019 in Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry unit), School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Lagos State Polytechnic, Ikorodu, Lagos- Nigeria. Methodology: The qualitative and GC-MS analysis of Hunteria umbellata methanolic seed extract were determined using standard procedure. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the disc diffusion method and agar well diffusion method. The experimental data was resampled 1000 times to allow for higher degrees of freedom in carrying out t-test to test for the difference of the effect of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellata against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp using mathematical software R language (3.6.1 version). Line plots, histogram and t-test are used to explain the effect of antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on the selected bacteria. MIC and MBC were determined using standard methods. Results: The Phytochemical analysis of methanolic seed extract of Hunteria umbellata showed the presence of secondary metabolites like saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, phenol among others. GC-MS assay of the H. umbellata seed extract revealed the presence of eight different compounds. Agar well diffusion method was characterized by inhibition zones of 18.36±0.87, 19.13±1.03 and 21.62±2.53 mm for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 300 mg/ml-1 and 21.70± 1.60, 23.83± 2.64 and 28.57± 1.52 for E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp respectively at 500 mg/ml. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the effects of in-vitro antimicrobial activity of H. umbellate on 3001 and 500 mg/ml on each bacteria tested at 5% level of significance. E.coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp were tested against 12 standard antimicrobial agents, of which six was sensitive and another six was resistance to E .coli, seven was sensitive, and five was resistance to S. aureus while four was resistance and eight sensitive to Streptococcus sp. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for E.coli, S. aureus, and  Streptococcus sp were 250, 125 and 31.25 mgml-1 while their minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were 500, 250 and 125 respectively. MIC and MBC tests showed that H. umbellata methanolic seed extract had noticeable bactericidal effects with MBC/MIC values ranging between 2 to 4. The extract has strong potency against these microorganisms with Streptococcus sp being the most susceptible. Conclusions: Hunteria umbellata has potential as natural therapeutic agents against E. coli, S. aureus and Streptococcus sp and they may prevent pathogenic diseases.

scholarly journals PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTI-MICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF STEMS OF THE PLANT TAGETES ERECTA L. (FAMILY-ASTERACEAE)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Jafar Ali ◽  
Dibyendu Shil
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L

Objective: To estimate the anti-microbial activity of ethanolic extract of Tagetes erecta L. (family-Asteraceae) in association with phytochemical analysis.Methods: The ethanolic extract of the stems of TageteseErecta L. was prepared and investigate for phytochemical constituents using standard methods. Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of has been carried out against one Gram positive bacteria-Staphylococcus aureus and one Gram negative bacteria-Escherichia coli, and the antifungal activity of the plant extract was evaluated on Candida albicans species. The testing was done by the disc diffusion method to visualize the zone of inhibition of ethanolic extract was compared with that of standard drug i.e., Ciprofloxacin for anti-bacterial activity and Terbinafine for anti-fungal activity. The MIC was determined by the microdilution method (Cup-plate method).Results: The present investigation shows the phytochemical analysis, antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extract of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Various phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponin glycosides, flavonoids, phenol, proteins and amino acids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, tanin and phenolic compounds. The anti-microbial activity of the ethanolic extract of the plant showed significant results against all three of the test organisms in compare to the standard drugs.Conclusion: The present study concluded that ethanolic extract of-of the stems of Tagetes erecta L. Proved the existence of phytochemical constituents. The ethanolic extract of the plant was found to possess promising antimicrobial activity when compared with the standards and it can be useful for the development of the antibiotics.

Preliminary phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activities of plant extract of Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (09) ◽  
pp. 4885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbu Pandey ◽  
Mahendra Singh* ◽  
Bharat Pandey ◽  
Anshulika Upadhyaya ◽  
Kamal K. Pande
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽  
Anti Fungal

The present study was carried out for phytochemical screening of principle bioactive compounds and antimicrobial activity in Elaeocarpus ganitrus Roxb., Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponin, terpenoid, steroid, saponin, flavonoid, tannin and alkaloid. The petroleum, ether, chloroform, methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts were subjected to antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas, E. coli and Bacillus subtilis against anti-fungal strains A.awamori, A.fumigatus, Rhizopus oryzae, Trichoderma viridae and C.oryzae. The antibacterial and antifungal activity was evaluated by disc-diffusion method.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities and Phytochemical Screening of Some Yemeni Medicinal Plants

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramzi A. A. Mothana ◽  
Salah A. A. Abdo ◽  
Sidgi Hasson ◽  
Faisal M. N. Althawab ◽  
Sama A. Z. Alaghbari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Multiresistant Bacteria

The traditional medicine still plays an important role in the primary health care in Yemen. The current study represents the investigation of 16 selected plants, which were collected from different localities of Yemen. The plants were dried and extracted with two different solvents (methanol and hot water) to yield 34 crude extracts. The obtained extracts were tested for their antimicrobial activity against three Gram-positive bacteria, two Gram-negative bacteria, one yeast species and three multiresistantStaphylococcusstrains using agar diffusion method, for their antioxidant activity using scavenging activity of DPPH radical method and for their cytotoxic activity using the neutral red uptake assay. In addition, a phytochemical screening of the methanolic extracts was done. Antibacterial activity was shown only against Gram-positive bacteria, among them multiresistant bacteria. The highest antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the methanolic extracts ofAcalypha fruticosa,Centaurea pseudosinaica,Dodonaea viscosa,Jatropha variegata,Lippia citriodora,Plectranthus hadiensis,Tragia pungensandVerbascum bottae.Six methanolic extracts especially those ofA. fruticosa,Actiniopteris semiflabellata,D. viscosa,P. hadiensis,T. pungensandV. bottaeshowed high free radical scavenging activity. Moreover, remarkable cytotoxic activity against FL-cells was found for the methanolic extracts ofA. fruticosa,Iris albicans,L. citriodoraandT. pungens. The phytochemical screening demonstrated the presence of different types of compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids and others, which could be responsible for the obtained activities.

PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CLINICAL PATHOGEN OF MEDICINALLY IMPORTANT ORCHID CALANTHE MASUCA (D.DON) LINDL

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
V. Nandagopalan ◽  
D. Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Wide Range

Calanthe masuca (D.Done) Lindl is a potential medicinal plant of terrestrial orchids. Tribal peoples were used the plants for therapeutic purpose. The present study was to evaluate the phytochemical analysis and Antimicrobial Activity of Calanthe masuca in leaf extracts. Preliminary phytochemical analysis revealed that the presence of bioactive substance in leaf extract was found that Alkaloids, Flavanoids, Phenol, Tannins, Saponins, Steroids, Terpenoids, Carboxcylic acid, Glycoside and Mucilage. Antimicrobial activity by Agar well diffusion method again six pathogenic microbes such as Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, E.coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in bacteria, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans in fungi by using different solvent such as Aqueous, Methanol and Petroleum ether. It was observered that Methanol extract showed highest activity against the pathogen such as S.aureus (13.5 mm), B.subtilis (12.4 mm), E.coli (12.5 mm) and P.aeruginosa (13.0 mm) and then followed by the Aqueous extract and low activity showed in petroleum ether extract. The methanol extract showed signicant Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger (14.0mm) and Candida albicans (13.0 mm) with higher concentration and Petroleum ether extract showed lower activity in fungi. The capacity of the crude concentrates of Calanthe masuca to suppress the development of microorganism which means that it has a wide range of antimicrobial potential utilized for various cures.

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