scholarly journals Anosmia in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Hornuss ◽  
Berit Lange ◽  
Nils Schröter ◽  
Siegbert Rieg ◽  
Winfried V. Kern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Taste Dysfunction

AbstractObjectivesCoronaviruses (CoVs) have a neuroinvasive propensity, and the frequently reported symptoms of smelling and taste dysfunction in many COVID-19 patients may be related to the respective capability of SARS-CoV2, the cause of the current pandemic. In this study we objectified and quantified the magnitude and underreporting of the smelling dysfunction caused by COVID-19 using a standardized test.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cross-sectional study comparing the proportion of anosmia using Sniffin-sticks in those reporting a loss of smell, in those who did not as well as in uninfected controls. The outcome of anosmic versus not anosmic patients were recorded during hospital stay and at day 15 on a six-category ordinal scale. The study was approved by the institutional review board, all participants consented to the study.Results40% of 45 consecutive hospitalized COVID-19 patients and 0% of 45 uninfected controls consenting were diagnosed with anosmia. 44% of anosmic and 50% of hyposmic patients did not report having smelling problems. Anosmia or hyposmia was not predictive of a severe COVID-19 manifestation.ConclusionsThe majority of COVID-19 patients have an objective anosmia and hyposmia, which often occurs unnoticed. These symptoms may be related to the neuroinvasive propensity of SARS-COV-2 and the unusual presentation of COVID-19 disease manifestations.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a University’s Institutional Review Board Based on Campus Feedback: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cureus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasan Rajab ◽  
Muhammad Z Alkawi ◽  
Abdalla M Gazal ◽  
Faizah A Alshehri ◽  
Hassan S Shaibah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Institutional Review Board ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review

scholarly journals Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy in A Community Hospital of Rural Nepal: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (217) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna Maharjan ◽  
Niresh Thapa ◽  
Narayani Maharjan ◽  
Pabita Rai ◽  
Prakash Pun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Community Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Rural Nepal

Introduction: Teenage pregnancy is a public health concern. Maternal and neonatal health outcomesare negatively impacted in teenage pregnancy. The objective of the study is to find the prevalence ofteenage pregnancy in a community hospital of rural Nepal. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Okhaldhunga Community Hospital,Okhaldhunga, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee of thehospital. Data were retrieved from July 2007 to July 2017 from the hospital record books. The total of7054 records of deliveries were reviewed from the hospital records and whole sampling was done.Subgroup analysis was done on basis of age, ethnicity, gravida, para, period of gestation, mode ofdelivery, maternal or neonatal complications and birth weight. Datas were entered and analyzedusing Microsoft Excel. Results: The total of 7054 deliveries were conducted in ten years among which 2050 (29.06%) wereteenage deliveries at the confidence interval of 95% (28.52% - 29.06%). The highest percentage ofteenage delivery was found among Janajati ethnicity of 1056 (53.3%). Amongst teenage delivery, asignificant tear was found in 157 (7.9%) as a maternal complication. Perinatal deaths were found in27 (1.4%). The cesarean section rate was 839 (11.9%) among all deliveries. Conclusions: The trend of teenage pregnancy remains almost same over ten years in theOkhaldhunga Community Hospital. The overall prevalence of teenage delivery is higher than thenational figure. Low birth weight babies, premature delivery, perineal and cervical tears were thecommon complications. Further health education and awareness programs might help to reduce theteenage pregnancy rate.

scholarly journals Factors associated with post-acute discharge location after hospital stay: a cross-sectional study from a Swiss hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina M. Zimmermann ◽  
Insa Koné ◽  
Michael Rost ◽  
Agnes Leu ◽  
Tenzin Wangmo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Discharge Location

scholarly journals Utilization of Pre-Anesthetic Medications for Major Surgical Procedures at a Tertiary Care Center: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (224) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rekha Shah ◽  
Roshan Pradhan ◽  
Arbindra Shah
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Postoperative Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Institutional Review

Introduction: Drug utilization research is an important tool to analyze the use of drugs with specialemphasis on medical, social, and economic consequences in society. This study aims to find out theutilization of pre-anesthetic medications in a major surgical procedure. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from 15th April - 15th August 2019 inthe postoperative ward at Birat Medical College and Teaching Hospital. The convenience samplingmethod was used after ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of BiratMedical College and Teaching Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. About 400 patients were studied.The collected data were entered into a statistical package for social science version 20 for furthercalculations at 95% Confidence Interval. Results: Out of 400 patients, 215 (53.8%) of patients were underwent into different major surgeries.All patients received midazolam 2 mg except children (1 mg) and Pethidine 25 mg along with 0.2 mgglycopyrrolate 352 (88%), ondansetron 276 (69%) and others 58 (14.5%) as a preanesthetic agent. Forgeneral anesthesia propofol, 30 mg have been utilized followed by fentanyl 306 (76.5%) and others(halothane, isoflurane, etc) 115 (28.8%). In case of prophylactic drug were ceftriaxone 500 mg, 100 mgmetoclopramide 387 (96.8%), dexamethasone 251 (62.8%), tramadol 237 (59.3%), 15 mg ketorolac 368(92%), ranitidine 163 (40.8%), and pantoprazole 237 (59.3%). Conclusions: The most commonly administered pre-anesthetic drugs were midazolam, pethidine,glycopyrrolate, and ondansetron. The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting the patientwithin 24 hours after surgery was significantly very low.  

scholarly journals Healthcare resource utilisation for chronic kidney disease and other major non-communicable chronic diseases in China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e051888
Author(s):  
Chao Yang ◽  
Jianyan Long ◽  
Ying Shi ◽  
Zhiye Zhou ◽  
Jinwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Healthcare Resource ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Resource Utilisation

ObjectiveTo evaluate the healthcare resource utilisation for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other major non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs) in China.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingA national inpatient database of tertiary hospitals in China.ParticipantsThe study included a total of 19.5 million hospitalisations of adult patients from July 2013 to June 2014. Information on CKD and other major NCDs, including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cancer, was extracted from the unified discharge summary form.Outcome measuresCost, length of hospital stay and in-hospital mortality.ResultsThe percentages of hospitalisations with CKD, CHD, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, COPD and cancer were 4.5%, 9.2%, 8.2%, 18.8%, 7.9%, 2.3% and 19.4%, respectively. For each major NCD, the presence of CKD was independently associated with longer hospital stay, with increased percentages ranging from 7.69% (95% CI 7.11% to 8.28%) for stroke to 21.60% (95% CI 21.09% to 22.10%) for CHD. Hospital mortality for other NCDs was also higher in the presence of CKD, with fully adjusted relative risk ranging from 1.91 (95% CI 1.82 to 1.99) for stroke to 2.65 (95% CI 2.55 to 2.75) for cancer. Compared with other NCDs, CKD was associated with the longest hospital stay (22.1% increase) and resulted in the second highest in-hospital mortality, only lower than that of cancer (relative risk, 2.23 vs 2.87, respectively).ConclusionsThe presence of diagnosed CKD alongside each major NCD was associated with an additional burden on the healthcare system. Healthcare resource utilisation and prognosis of CKD were comparable with those of other major NCDs, which highlights the importance of CKD as a major public health burden.

scholarly journals SEROPOSITIVITY OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835-1839
Author(s):  
Syed Amir GilaniSyed Amir Gilani ◽  
Muhammad Athar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Zahid Latif ◽  
Ahmad Azam Malik
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Review Committee ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Institutional Review ◽  
Hcv Screening ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Objectives: This study was conducted to find out the occupation basedHCV prevalence in the rural communities of Punjab. Settings: Rural communities of Punjab,Pakistan. Study Design: Epidemiological, descriptive, cross sectional study. Study Period:January 2013 to June 2016. Methods: Punjab was divided into three regions. Three districtswere selected from each region and from each district three rural union councils were selected.After the approval of institutional review committee, non-probability convenience basedsampling technique was adopted and study subjects of different occupations were includedin the study. A structured questionnaire was prepared for data collection. Standard procedurefor HCV screening was observed. The collected data was organized and entered into version22 of SPSS for analysis. Results: A total of 1465 subjects related to ten different occupationsincluded in the study and tested for anti HCV antibodies, out of which 323 (22%) were positive.The prevalence was much higher in the collector of hospital garbage (67.2%) followed by factoryworkers (30.3%) and white wash painters (26.6%) respectively. The lowest prevalence rate wasobserved in black smith workers (10%) and carpenters (5.5%) only. Conclusion: This studyconclude occupation based prevalence rate of (22%) in rural Punjab. This is a high prevalencewhich need the immediate attention of the policy makers. It is recommended to manage anoccupation based hepatitis awareness and screening campaign for the affected and generalcommunity.

scholarly journals Gambaran Komplikasi Oral Pada Pasien yang Menjalani Kemoterapi di Badan Layanan Umum RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado

e-GIGI ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Made Ary Prawira
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Oral Complications ◽  
Taste Dysfunction ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents

Pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi seringkali mengalami masalah pada rongga mulutnya. Hal ini bisa disebabkan karena agen kemoterapi pada umumnya menyebabkan efek destruktif langsung pada jaringan sekitar rongga mulut dan juga secara tidak langsung dengan menginduksi myelosupresi dan imunosupresi. Komplikasi oral yang banyak dijumpai pada pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi ialah mukositis oral, kandidiasis, xerostomia, gangguan pengecapan dan perdarahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui gambaran komplikasi oral yang terjadi pada pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi di Badan Layanan Umum RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado serta angka kejadian dari komplikasi oral tersebut berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, jenis kemoterapi, lama kemoterapi serta jenis kanker yang dialami oleh pasien tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini ialah penelitian deskriptif dengan desain cross sectional study. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel 64 yang didapat berdasarkan rumus Cochran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa xerostomia dan mukositis oral merupakan komplikasi oral yang paling banyak dialami pasien setelah menjalani kemoterapi dengan angka kejadian lebih dari 60%. Sedangkan komplikasi oral lain seperti kandidiasis, gangguan pengecapan dan perdarahan memiliki angka kejadian lebih dari 25%. Dari hasil penelitian, disarankan kepada para klinisi harus lebih memperhatikan berbagai macam komplikasi oral yang timbul pada pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi. Kerja sama yang baik antara pasien, dokter gigi dan oncologist sangat penting dilakukan untuk meminimalisir angka kejadian komplikasi oral yang ditimbulkan akibat perawatan kemoterapi.Kata kunci: Pasien yang menjalani kemoterapi, komplikasi oralABSTRACTPatients undergoing chemotherapy often experience problems in oral cavity. This could be happen because the chemotherapy agents cause direct destructive effect on surrounding tissues of the oral cavity, also indirectly by inducing myelosuppression and immunosuppression. Oral complications are often found in patients undergoing chemotherapy is an oral mucositis, candidiasis, xerostomia, taste dysfunction and hemorrhage. The purpose of this research is to describe the oral complications that occur in patients who are undergoing chemotherapy at BLU RSUP Prof Dr. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado as well as the incidence of oral complications by age, gender, type of chemotherapy, duration of chemotherapy and other types of cancer experienced by these patients. The type of this research is descriptive with cross sectional study. Sampling was done by using purposive sampling with 64 samples were obtained by Cochran formula. The result showed that oral mucositis and xerostomia are the most oral complications experienced by patients after undergoing chemotherapy with an incidence of more than 60%. While other oral complications such as candidiasis, taste dysfunction and hemorrhage had an incidence of more than 25%. From the research, it is recommended to clinicians should pay more attention to a variety of oral complications arising in patients undergoing chemotherapy. Good cooperation between the patient, dentist and oncologist is very important to minimize the incidence of oral complications caused by chemotherapy treatment. Keywords: Patients undergoing chemotherapy, oral complications

scholarly journals Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 14 ◽  
pp. 839-852
Author(s):  
Hassan Alwafi ◽  
Abdallah Y Naser ◽  
Sultan Qanash ◽  
Ahmad S Brinji ◽  
Maher A Ghazawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Abnormal Fetal Echocardiography in Diabetic Pregnant Women at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotshna Sharma ◽  
Sanjeeb Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Fetal Echocardiography ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Review

Introduction: The sedentary lifestyle of women and change in their food habits has a significantrole in developing diabetes in pregnancies. This leads to an increased chance of fetal cardiacabnormality born by a mother with gestational diabetes and pre-existing diabetes. The objectiveof the study is to find out the prevalence of abnormal fetal echocardiography in gestational andpre-existing diabetic pregnant women at a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 104 diabetic pregnantwomen in a tertiary care hospital from April 15, 2017, to April 14, 2018. Ethical approvalwas obtained from the institutional review committee. The convenient sampling method wasused. The patients who were diagnosed as gestational diabetes and diabetic before pregnancywere included in the study. Fetal echocardiography was mainly done at a gestational age of22-32 weeks depending upon the time of diagnosis of gestational diabetes and for pre-diabeticwomen, fetal echocardiography was done at 24-26 weeks of gestation. Statistical analysis wasdone using the Statistical Package of the Social Sciences version 20. Results: Among 104 patients, 16 (15.38%) patients had abnormal fetal echocardiography.Eighty-three (79.81%) were gestational diabetics, 21 (20.19%) were pre-existing diabeticwomen. Among 83 gestational diabetes, 7 (8.4%) had abnormal echo finding and among 21pre-existing diabetics, 9 (42.8%) had abnormal echo finding. Conclusions: There was an increased chance of fetal cardiac malformation in gestational diabeticand pre-existing diabetics diabetic especially in an uncontrolled glycemic state. And, if theywere diagnosed prenatally, clinical outcomes for both mother and fetus would have been better.

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