Long-term Exposure to Air Pollution and Lipometabolic Disturbance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract Background: Growing evidence suggests that long-term exposure to air pollutants is associated with cardiovascular morbidity, including lipometabolic disturbance. Objectives: To explore the chronic effects of air pollutants on lipometabolic disturbance via detectable lipoprotein parameters. Methods: Seven online databases were searched to conduct a meta-analysis of epidemiological studies examining the relationship between air pollution and lipid parameter levels. Subgroup analysis was additionally carried out for each air pollutant studied. Results: A total of 2,274 records were retrieved, resulting in 10 studies included in the final quantitative meta-analysis, comprising seven studies in Europe and the United States and three studies in mainland China. Using a random-effect model, the results showed that for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) incidence increased by 3.31% (95% CI: 2.29%, 8.91%), 2.34% (95% CI: 1.30%, 3.39%), -1.57% (95% CI: -1.85%, -1.28%), and 4.33% (95% CI: 2.69%, 5.98%), respectively; for each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10, TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels increased by 5.27% (95% CI: 2.03%, 8.50%), -0.24% (95% CI: -0.95%, -0.47%), and 0.45% (95% CI: -0.57%, 1.47%), respectively; for each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2, TG and HDL-C levels increased by 4.18% (95% CI: 1.12%, 7.23%) and -0.51% (95% CI: -2.61%, 1.58%), respectively. No significant associations were detected for combinations of air pollutants on lipometabolic disturbance. Conclusion: Increased air pollutant exposure was significantly associated with changes in blood lipid parameter levels, which can be an indicator of the body's lipometabolic disturbance.

Download Full-text

Association Between Ambient Air Pollution and Multiple Sclerosis: a Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-212139/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chao Tang ◽

Qing-Ru Li ◽

Yan-Mei Mao ◽

Yuan-Rui Xia ◽

Heng-Sheng Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Cochrane Library

Abstract The effects of air pollutants on autoimmune diseases are gaining increasing attention. At present, no studies have conducted systemic review and meta-analysis on ambient air pollution and multiple sclerosis (MS). In this paper, literature was collected in order to explore whether there was a connection between air pollutants and MS or not. Through electronic literature search, literature related to our research topic was collected in Cochrane Library, Embase and Pubmed till August 18, 2020 according to certain criteria. Pooled risk estimate and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) were calculated by random-effect model analysis. After removing copies, browsing titles and abstracts and reading full text, 6 studies were finally included. The results showed that only particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter ≤10 (PM10) was related to MS (pooled HR=1.058, 95% CI=1.050-1.066), and no correlation was found between other pollutants and MS. There was no publication bias, and the heterogeneity analysis results were stable. PM is correlated with the disease MS, while other pollution is not connected with MS. More literature results need to be included to meta-analysis results for further study.

Download Full-text

Associations of Ambient Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors With COVID-19 Transmission in 31 Chinese Provinces: A Time Series Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211060259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110602

Author(s):

Han Cao ◽

Bingxiao Li ◽

Tianlun Gu ◽

Xiaohui Liu ◽

Kai Meng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Relative Humidity ◽

Wind Velocity ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meteorological Factors ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollutant Concentrations ◽

Air Pollutant Concentrations

Evidence regarding the effects of environmental factors on COVID-19 transmission is mixed. We aimed to explore the associations of air pollutants and meteorological factors with COVID-19 confirmed cases during the outbreak period throughout China. The number of COVID-19 confirmed cases, air pollutant concentrations, and meteorological factors in China from January 25 to February 29, 2020, (36 days) were extracted from authoritative electronic databases. The associations were estimated for a single-day lag as well as moving averages lag using generalized additive mixed models. Region-specific analyses and meta-analysis were conducted in 5 selected regions from the north to south of China with diverse air pollution levels and weather conditions and sufficient sample size. Nonlinear concentration–response analyses were performed. An increase of each interquartile range in PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, O3, and CO at lag4 corresponded to 1.40 (1.37–1.43), 1.35 (1.32–1.37), 1.01 (1.00–1.02), 1.08 (1.07–1.10), 1.28 (1.27–1.29), and 1.26 (1.24–1.28) ORs of daily new cases, respectively. For 1°C, 1%, and 1 m/s increase in temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity, the ORs were 0.97 (0.97–0.98), 0.96 (0.96–0.97), and 0.94 (0.92–0.95), respectively. The estimates of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and all meteorological factors remained significantly after meta-analysis for the five selected regions. The concentration–response relationships showed that higher concentrations of air pollutants and lower meteorological factors were associated with daily new cases increasing. Higher air pollutant concentrations and lower temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity may favor COVID-19 transmission. Controlling ambient air pollution, especially for PM2.5, PM10, NO2, may be an important component of reducing risk of COVID-19 infection. In addition, as winter months are arriving in China, the meteorological factors may play a negative role in prevention. Therefore, it is significant to implement the public health control measures persistently in case another possible pandemic.

Download Full-text

Effects of Ambient Air Quality Improvement on Mortality From Acute Air Pollution Exposure in Beijing

10.21203/rs.3.rs-386816/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jingxiu Han ◽

Han Jingxiu ◽

Meng Congshen ◽

Liu Jingyi ◽

Xu Chunyu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Quality Improvement ◽

Air Quality ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Local Population ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Air Quality Improvement

Abstract Exposure to air pollutants increase the mortality of population. Developing countries have taken measures to control air pollution. To explore the effects of air quality improvement on mortality, air quality and acute exposure-response coefficients of excess death in Beijing since the 1990’s were analyzed. It was divided into five stages according to the concentration level of pollutants. Coefficients for period 1990 – 2013 were obtained by retrieving literatures published before December 31, 2019. The coefficients for period 2015 – 2017 were obtained by analyzing the daily data of air pollutant concentration, meteorological and human mortality conducting Poisson Generalized Additive Model (GAM). Meta-analysis of random effect model was used to estimate the integrated coefficient of multiple studies at each stages. Comparative analysis was used to analyze the variation of air quality and coefficients in different stages. The results showed that the concentrations of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm (PM10) and ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) decreased by up to 50%, 21%, 22% and 15% in different stages. The coefficient of SO2 on death from respiratory diseases decreased by up to 63.79%. The coefficients of NO2 on mortality from non-accidental causes, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease decreased by up to 0.95%, 1.34% and 0.54%. The coefficients of PM10, PM2.5 on mortality from cardiovascular diseases and respiratory disease were decreased by up to 0.19%, 0.31%, 0.65% and 0.36%. Continued improvements in air quality have reduced the acute impact on the health of the local population.

Download Full-text

Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae causing invasive diseases in China: a meta-analysis

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-019-1722-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jinjian Fu ◽

Rongsong Yi ◽

Yongjiang Jiang ◽

Shaolin Xu ◽

Peixu Qin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Mainland China ◽

Antibiotic Resistant ◽

Effect Model ◽

Resistance To Penicillin ◽

Resistance Rates

Abstract Background To summarize information about invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children in mainland China. Methods Sixteen eligible studies were included in this systematic review and the random effect model was used to estimate the pool prevalence of IPD. Results The most predominant serotypes circulating in children were 19F (27.7, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 17.7–37.6%), 19A (21.2%, 16.4–26.1%), 14 (16.5%, 12.8–20.1%), 6B (8.6%, 5.2–10.8%) and 23F (7.3%, 5.2–9.5%). The serotype coverage of the available pneumococcal conjugate vaccines PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 was 60.8% (52.5–69.4%), 65.1% (57.7–72.4%), and 90.0% (87.1–92.8%), respectively. The pooled antibiotic resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae revealed a resistance to penicillin prevalence rate of 32.0% (12.1–51.9%). Approximately 94.4% (90.7–98.1%) and 92.3% (87.4–97.3%) of isolates were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin. eBURST analysis revealed great diversity among isolates, with 102 sequence types (STs) for 365 isolates. The major predominant clonal complexes (CCs) were CC271 (43.6%, 159/365), CC876 (13.4%, 49/365), CC81 (5.2%, 19/365), and CC90 (4.1%, 15/365). Long-term and regional surveillance of S. pneumoniae is necessary. Conclusions Based on our pooled results showing that PCV13 coverage of the reported serotypes was 90% and that most serotypes contributed to the distribution of antibiotic-resistant isolates, implementation of PCV13 into the Chinese Expanded Program on Immunizations (EPI) would achieve health benefits in Chinese children.

Download Full-text

Obesity and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Meta-Analysis Study in Asia and America

Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Obesity, as the Critical Global Health Issues: Forging Cross-Sectoral Solutions ◽

10.26911/the7thicph.05.50 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Alfiani Vivi Sutanto ◽

◽

Hanung Prasetya ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽

Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽

Reflux Disease ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

The United States ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disorder with a prevalence of 20% in the United States and less than 5% in Asia. Untreated, GERD can result in a symptomatic burden to the patient, poor health-related quality of life, complications, such as esophageal stricture, Barrett’s esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma, and a high direct and indirect cost to the healthcare system. Various pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified to explain the relationship between obesity and GERD, including a high prevalence of hiatal hernia and increased gastroesophageal pressure gradient. This study aimed to examine the association between obesity and GERD in Asia and America. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting articles from PubMed, Google Scholar, BMC Journals, Science Direct, Mendeley, and clinical key databases. Keywords used “Obesity” OR “HMI” AND “Gastroesophageal reflux disease” OR “GERD” AND “Effect obesity for GERD” AND “aOR”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population was adults who experienced GERD. Intervention was obesity. The study outcome was gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The articles were selected using PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using random effect model run on Revman 5.3. Results: 5 studies were analyzed and reviewed for this study. Current study reported that obesity increased the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=1.42 to 2.92; p= 0.001). Conclusion: Obesity increases the risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Keywords: obesity, gastroesophageal reflux disease Correspondence: Alfiani Vivi Sutanto. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 085799253568. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.05.50

Download Full-text

Association between exposure to ambient air pollution and hospital admission, incidence, and mortality of stroke: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of more than 23 million participants

Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine ◽

10.1186/s12199-021-00937-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Zhiping Niu ◽

Feifei Liu ◽

Hongmei Yu ◽

Shaotang Wu ◽

Hao Xiang

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Hospital Admission ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Pollutant Concentration ◽

Aerodynamic Diameter ◽

Stroke Incidence ◽

Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested that exposure to air pollution may increase stroke risk, but the results remain inconsistent. Evidence of more recent studies is highly warranted, especially gas air pollutants. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to identify studies till February 2020 and conducted a meta-analysis on the association between air pollution (PM2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm; PM10, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 μm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; SO2, sulfur dioxide; CO, carbon monoxide; O3, ozone) and stroke (hospital admission, incidence, and mortality). Fixed- or random-effects model was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (OR)/hazard ratio (HR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) for a 10 μg/m3 increase in air pollutant concentration. Results A total of 68 studies conducted from more than 23 million participants were included in our meta-analysis. Meta-analyses showed significant associations of all six air pollutants and stroke hospital admission (e.g., PM2.5: OR = 1.008 (95% CI 1.005, 1.011); NO2: OR = 1.023 (95% CI 1.015, 1.030), per 10 μg/m3 increases in air pollutant concentration). Exposure to PM2.5, SO2, and NO2 was associated with increased risks of stroke incidence (PM2.5: HR = 1.048 (95% CI 1.020, 1.076); SO2: HR = 1.002 (95% CI 1.000, 1.003); NO2: HR = 1.002 (95% CI 1.000, 1.003), respectively). However, no significant differences were found in associations of PM10, CO, O3, and stroke incidence. Except for CO and O3, we found that higher level of air pollution (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2) exposure was associated with higher stroke mortality (e.g., PM10: OR = 1.006 (95% CI 1.003, 1.010), SO2: OR = 1.006 (95% CI 1.005, 1.008). Conclusions Exposure to air pollution was positively associated with an increased risk of stroke hospital admission (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3), incidence (PM2.5, SO2, and NO2), and mortality (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and NO2). Our study would provide a more comprehensive evidence of air pollution and stroke, especially SO2 and NO2.

Download Full-text

Tenecteplase in Pulmonary Embolism Patients: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

10.21203/rs.3.rs-951398/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Zhu Zhang ◽

Linfeng Xi ◽

Shuai Zhang ◽

Yunxia Zhang ◽

Guohui Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Embolism ◽

High Risk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Bleeding Risk ◽

Effect Model ◽

High Bleeding Risk

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). METHODS: We completed the literature search on May 31, 2021 using PubMed, EMBASE and the Web of Science. Analyses were conducted according to PE risk stratification, study design and duration of follow-up. The pooled risk ratios (RRs) and its 95% confident intervals (CIs) for death and major bleeding were calculated using a random-effect model.RESULTS: A total of six studies, with four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and two cohort studies, were included in this study out of the 160 studies retrieved. For patients with high-risk PE, tenecteplase increased 30-day survival rate (16% vs 6%; P=0.005) and did not increase the incidence of bleeding (6% vs 5%; P=0.73). For patients with intermediate-risk PE, four RCTs suggested that tenecteplase reduced right ventricular insufficiency at 24h early in the onset and the incidence of hemodynamic failure without affecting mortality in a short/long-term [<30 days RR=0.83, 95% CI (0.47, 1.46);≥30 days RR=1.04, 95% CI (0.88, 1.22)]. However, tenecteplase was associated with high bleeding risk [<30 days RR=1.79, 95% CI (1.61, 2.00); ≥30 days RR=1.28, 95% CI (0.62, 2.64)].CONCLUSIONS: Tenecteplase may represent a promising candidate for patients with intermediate/high risk PE. Furthermore, tenecteplase may be preferable in the COVID-19 pandemic due to its all-at-once administration.

Download Full-text

Association Use of Bisphosphonates with Risk of Breast Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/5606573 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Rui Peng ◽

Xingzhong Liang ◽

Gang Zhang ◽

Yuan Yao ◽

Zhen Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Contralateral Breast Cancer ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Contralateral Breast ◽

Effect Model

Background. Previous studies have investigated the association between the use of bisphosphonates and the development of breast cancer, which presented controversial results. Thus, this meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the current evidence of the association of bisphosphonate use with breast cancer risk. Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, the Cochrane Library, and Embase from inception to March 2019 by two researches, who independently selected trials, retrieved relevant data, and assessed study quality. The summary relative risk (RR) for the use of bisphosphonates on the risks of developing breast cancer was calculated using a random-effect model. Results. The present meta-analysis, which included four case-control studies, involving 55052 breast cancer cases, and seven retrospective cohort studies, involving 14641 breast cancer cases, assessed the effect of bisphosphonates on breast cancer risk. The random-effect model meta-analysis found a reduced risk of breast cancer with exposure to bisphosphonates with pooled RR of 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.80 to 0.94). The short-term use of bisphosphonates (<1 year) did not render significant alteration (RR=0.92, 95% CI: 0.82 to 1.03), while a significant 26% risk reduction of breast cancer was noted with long-term use (>1 year) (RR=0.74, 95% CI: 0.62 to 0.90). A protective effect of bisphosphonates was shown in contralateral breast cancer (RR=0.41, 95% CI: 0.20 to 0.84). In terms of the type of bisphosphonates, a significant inverse relationship was noted for etidronate, with pooled RR of 0.87 (95% CI: 0.80 to 0.96). Conclusion. This meta-analysis suggested that the use of bisphosphonates was associated with reduced risk of breast cancer, including contralateral breast cancer. Compared to other types of bisphosphonates, only etidronate showed a significant inverse relationship. Additionally, the long-term use (>1 year) of bisphosphonates was more significant in lowering breast cancer risk. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to verify this association. This trial is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42018105024) (registered on 29 August 2018).

Download Full-text

Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Blood Pressure Among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

Journal of the American Heart Association ◽

10.1161/jaha.120.017734 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Miao Huang ◽

Jingyuan Chen ◽

Yiping Yang ◽

Hong Yuan ◽

Zhijun Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Air Pollution ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Ambient Air Pollution ◽

Short Term

Background Previous studies have investigated the association of ambient air pollution with blood pressure (BP) in children and adolescents, however, the results are not consistent. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to assess the relationship between short‐term and long‐term ambient air pollutant exposure with BP values among children and adolescents. Methods and Results We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase before September 6, 2020. Two reviewers independently searched and selected studies, extracted data, and assessed study quality. The studies were divided into groups by composition of air pollutants (NO 2 , particulate matter (PM) with diameter ≤10 μm or ≤2.5 μm) and length of exposure. The beta regression coefficients (β) and their 95% CIs were calculated to evaluate the strength of the effect with each 10 μg/m 3 increase in air pollutants. Out of 36 650 articles, 14 articles were included in this meta‐analysis. The meta‐analysis showed short‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.267; 95% CI, 0.033‒0.501) was significantly associated with elevated systolic BP values. In addition, long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=1.809; 95% CI, 0.962‒2.655), PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.526; 95% CI, 0.095‒0.958), and NO 2 (β=0.754; 95% CI, 0.541‒0.968) were associated with systolic BP values and long‐term exposure to PM with diameter ≤2.5 μm (β=0.931; 95% CI, 0.157‒1.705), and PM with diameter ≤10 μm (β=0.378; 95% CI, 0.022‒0.735) was associated with diastolic BP. Conclusions Our study indicates that both short‐term and long‐term exposure to some ambient air pollutants may increase BP values among children and adolescents.

Download Full-text

Relationship between air pollutants and risk of diabetes:a cohort study based meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.2.18655/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Patamu Mohemaiti ◽

Aidibai Simayi ◽

Xiao Xiao Qin ◽

Aizhatiguli Kadeer

Keyword(s):

Air Pollutants ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Fixed Effect Model ◽

China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Knowledge Infrastructure ◽

Effect Model ◽

And Control

Abstract Background: To investigate the effects of air pollutants on the incidence of diabetes, and to provide reliable evidence for the prevention and control of diabetes.Method: Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wanfang Digital Periodicals (WANFANG), WeiPu, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Springer, and Ovid were searched. RevMan5.3 software was used for meta analysis of the literature included in this study, I2 was used to measure the heterogeneity of the research contents of the included literature, and fixed effect model or random effect model was used for combined analysis of the overall incidence of diabetes and the incidence of diabetes under different air pollutants.Result: A total of 22 articles with high overall quality were included in this study, including 2703882 subjects and 535190 patients with diabetes.Pooled effect of the studies was determined using relative risk(RR). PM10 (RR=1.00; 95%CI:0.99-1.02, P=0.61), PM2.5 (RR=1.02 ; 95%CI:1.01-1.04, P=0.01), NOX (RR=1.00; 95%CI:1.00-1.01, P=0.006), NO2 (RR=1.00; 95%CI:1.00-1.01, P=0.01), O3 (RR=1.00; 95%CI:0.99-1.01, P=0.99). No correlation was found between PM10, NO2, O3 and the risk of type 2 diabetes. The risk of diabetes increased by 1% in people exposed to total air pollutants, increased by 2% in people exposed to PM2.5, and increased by 1% in people exposed to NOX.Conclusion: Results of this paper showed that air pollutants are weakly positively correlated with the risk of diabetes. As to the other influencing factors should be further studied.

Download Full-text