scholarly journals Stay-at-home policy: is it a case of exception fallacy? An internet-based ecological study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo F. Savaris ◽  
Guilherme Pumi ◽  
Jovani Dalzochio ◽  
Rafael Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Staying At Home ◽  
At Home

AbstractBackgroundCountries with strict lockdown had a spike on the number of deaths. A recent mathematical model has suggested that staying at home did not play a dominant role in reducing COVID-19 transmission. Comparison between number of deaths and social mobility is difficult due to the non-stationary nature of the COVID-19 data.ObjectiveTo propose a novel approach to assess the association between staying at home values and the reduction/increase in the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in several regions around the world.MethodsIn this ecological study, data from www.google.com/covid19/mobility/, ourworldindata.org and covid.saude.gov.br were combined. Countries with >100 deaths and with a Healthcare Access and Quality Index of ≥67 were included. Data were preprocessed and analyzed using the difference between number of deaths/million between 2 regions and the difference between the percentage of staying at home. Analysis was performed using linear regression and residual analysisResultsAfter preprocessing the data, 87 regions around the world were included, yielding 3,741 pairwise comparisons for linear regression analysis. Only 63 (1.6%) comparisons were significant.DiscussionWith our results, we were not able to explain if COVID-19 mortality is reduced by staying as home in ∼98% of the comparisons after epidemiological weeks 9 to 34.

scholarly journals Stay-at-home policy is a case of exception fallacy: an internet-based ecological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Savaris ◽  
G. Pumi ◽  
J. Dalzochio ◽  
R. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Staying At Home ◽  
At Home

AbstractA recent mathematical model has suggested that staying at home did not play a dominant role in reducing COVID-19 transmission. The second wave of cases in Europe, in regions that were considered as COVID-19 controlled, may raise some concerns. Our objective was to assess the association between staying at home (%) and the reduction/increase in the number of deaths due to COVID-19 in several regions in the world. In this ecological study, data from www.google.com/covid19/mobility/, ourworldindata.org and covid.saude.gov.br were combined. Countries with > 100 deaths and with a Healthcare Access and Quality Index of ≥ 67 were included. Data were preprocessed and analyzed using the difference between number of deaths/million between 2 regions and the difference between the percentage of staying at home. The analysis was performed using linear regression with special attention to residual analysis. After preprocessing the data, 87 regions around the world were included, yielding 3741 pairwise comparisons for linear regression analysis. Only 63 (1.6%) comparisons were significant. With our results, we were not able to explain if COVID-19 mortality is reduced by staying at home in ~ 98% of the comparisons after epidemiological weeks 9 to 34.

scholarly journals Investigation of Predictability and Influence factors of the Achieved Lenticule Thickness in Small Incision Lenticule Extraction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wu ◽  
Houfa Yin ◽  
Xinyi Chen ◽  
Yabo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Small Incision Lenticule Extraction ◽  
Pupil Center ◽  
Small Incision ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Ultrasound Pachymetry ◽  
Lenticule Extraction ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background To evaluate the differences between the predicted and achieved lenticule thickness (ΔLT) after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery and investigate relationships between ΔLT and refractive errors or lenticule depth in SMILE. Methods A total of 184 eyes from 184 consecutive patients who underwent SMILE were included in this prospective study. One eye for each patient was randomly selected and included for statistical analysis. An ultrasound pachymetry measurement and Scheimpflug camera corneal topography were obtained before and at 3 months after SMILE. The achieved lenticule thickness was calculated by comparing the preoperative examinations with postoperative examinations using ultrasound pachymetry and Pentacam software measurements. The pupil center and corneal vertex were selected as the 2 locations for measurement calculation on Pentacam. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to compare mean pachymetry values using different instruments. An independent t test was performed to evaluate the difference in ΔLT between different cap thicknesses. Linear regression analyses were performed between the VisuMax readout lenticule thicknesses and the measured maximum corneal change, the preoperative spherical equivalent (SE) and each ΔLT. Results On average, the achieved lenticule thickness measured with ultrasound pachymetry was 13.02 ± 8.87 μm thinner than the VisuMax readout lenticule thickness. Linear regression analysis showed significant relationships between the predicted and each achieved lenticule thickness. The preoperative SE was significantly related to each ΔLT (ultrasound: R2 =0.279; at corneal vertex: R2 =0.252; at pupil center R2 =0.246). The ΔLT measured by ultrasound pachymetry was significantly smaller in the thick cap group (cap thickness above 120 μm) than in the thin cap group (P < 0.01). Conclusions An overestimation of achieved lenticule thickness was found in this study. The ΔLT was related to the preoperative SE correction. Furthermore a lager ΔLT was found under a thin cap.

Price of Basic Food Basket in Brazil and the World (2003-2017): Causes and Consequences

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Nayane Jaqueline Costa Maia ◽  
Gabriela De Almeida Mourão ◽  
Thiago De Andrade Águas ◽  
Jeferson Alves Martins ◽  
Larisse Medeiros Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
High Investment ◽  
Food Basket

Aims: Objective this work is to understand the price dynamics of foods basket products in Brazil and the world, based on multivariate analysis, for 14 years, with data from governmental and non-governmental organizations. Methodology: Data used for world food prices were taken from official documents provided by governmental and non-governmental organizations. The data were submitted to statistical analysis by Microsoft Excel 2016® and Minitab 16®. The statistical model used in the work is multiple linear regression. When significant linear regression was found, the parameters were compared by means of simple linear regression analysis, a significance of 5% probability (P<0.05) was considered. Results: The results showed that the items that most cost the foods basket in the world are meat, fruits, and vegetables, and it was noticed that with each increase of 1 dollar in the price of these products, increased 2 dollars in the price food basket. And in Brazil it would not be different, these same products represented an increase in the price of the basic food basket in more than 300% (adding meat) and 110,67% (adding fruits and vegetables). Conclusion: Concluding that the increase of the basic food basket in Brazil and in the World is directly correlated with meat, fruits, and vegetables. Being an added value caused by the high cost of investment in these sectors, which require very high investment.

INR derivation with the PT/INR Line simplified using a spreadsheet from the world wide web

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 930-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leon Poller ◽  
Saied Ibrahim ◽  
Albert Pattison ◽  
Jørgen Jespersen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Prothrombin Time ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Concerted Action ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Linear ◽  
Local Mean ◽  
International Sensitivity Index

BackgroundThe prothrombin time/international normalised ratio (PT/INR) Line method to derive INR, based on only five European Concerted Action on Anticoagulation (ECAA) certified plasmas, is shown to be reliable in previous ECAA studies. A simpler method not requiring linear regression calculation would be an advantage.MethodAfter determining the local PT/INR Line, local INRs have been obtained using a readily available spreadsheet on the internet which laboratories can use without performing any additional calculations.ResultsExamples of INR derivation have been obtained from results at 16 centres using a range of local coagulometers with human thromboplastin international reference preparations (IRPs). The procedure does not require manual PT testing, local international sensitivity index calibration, availability of thromboplastin IRPs or local mean normal prothrombin time.ConclusionsFrom the PT/INR Line, INR values for local PT results are easily obtained using an Excel spreadsheet from our website (http://www.anticoagulants.co.uk/) which does not require the complex linear regression analysis to derive INR.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Sistem Control Valve Cooler 1 Berbasis Microcontroller ATmega 2560 Terhadap Moisture Pakan After Mixing dengan Bagging Off di PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia, Tbk. Unit Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Eko Solihin ◽  
Sukardi Sukardi
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Control Valve ◽  
T Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Simple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
The Difference

This research aims to know and analyze the effect of application of control valve Cooler 1 Based On atmega 2560 microcontroller for Moisture feed after mixing with bagging off at PT. JAPFA comfeed Indonesia, Tbk. Unit Padang. The type of research used is the study of surveys with the analysis of data used i.e. simple linear regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, testing of normality obtained the significance value of 0.200 with normal categories and R square test results worth 29.4%. The results of simple linear regression test partially with T test, Mempertlihatkan that the application of the control valve Cooler 1-Base atmega 2560 microcontroller system significantly affects the after-mixing Moisture feed with bagging off. The interpretation is that each temperature reduction of the resulting control valve cooler 1 Microcontroller-Based atmega 2560 in one unit affects the difference of moisture feed after mixing with a bagging off of 2.425.

scholarly journals Pembelajaran Kewirausahaan Dan Lingkungan Keluarga Kaitannya Dengan Intensi Berwirausaha Siswa SMK

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Mega Hermayanti ◽  
Hari Mulyadi
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Entrepreneurial Learning ◽  
The Difference

This study was conducted to see how much influence entrepreneurial learning and family environment to the entrepreneurial intention of students. Type of research is descriptive and verification with samples taken as many as 108 respondents from 151 population. Data analysis techniques in this study using multiple linear regression. Based on the results of research using multiple linear regression analysis, showed that entrepreneurial learning and family environment significantly affect the entrepreneurial intention of  students. The difference in this study with other studies located from the object of research, measurement instruments used, population and sample, as well as research results. In this study, using the theory of journals and books, so the theory used is different.

scholarly journals Effect of Fear of Success on Employee Career Development with Achievement Motivation as a Moderating Variable at PT. PLN (Persero) Bulukumba Area

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Eka Suhartini ◽  
S Milawati ◽  
Hardin Hardin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Fear Of Success ◽  
Moderating Variables ◽  
Saturated Sample ◽  
The Difference

Career development that makes others give different views such as appreciation, recognition, appreciation and higher social status in the eyes of society. This is what makes a person want to develop. But they are confronted with the reality that makes it negative. Require success or goals to be achieved and make someone doubt the ability required to fear success. This study aims to determine the effect of fear of success on career development and interaction on achievement motivation and fear of success on career development. This type of research is quantitative with associative research. The population in this study are companies that work at PT. PLN (Persero) Bulukumba Area. The technique of taking samples uses the saturated sample method. The sample in this study was 70 respondents. Data analysis uses simple linear regression analysis and moderation regression analysis by obtaining approved difference values. The results of research with simple linear regression show a fear of positive and significant success in career development. Analysis of moderating variables with the difference in assessment proves achievement motivation is not able to moderate the fear of success in career development.  

scholarly journals How was the Mental Health of Colombian people on March during Pandemics Covid19?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josimar E. Chire Saire
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Daily News ◽  
First Case ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Mining Algorithms ◽  
Use Of Internet ◽  
Staying At Home ◽  
At Home

Actual pandemic started with first cases in China and fast spread in Europe, Asia and the next continents became a global concern from March, so the most of countries ordered a lockdown to decrease infection rate forced people to stay at home. Meanwhile, the infection was growing around all the world, daily news usually show the number of cases per country and people increased the use of Internet to work trough videoconference tools and use of Social Networks to communicate what they think, feel about covid19 issue. In Colombia the first case was detected on March 6, the lockdwon was announced on March 20 and the first death on March 21. During all this time, people were evolving his concern about covid19 and staying at home slowly therefore this behaviour was changing over the time. The proposal of the paper is analyzed the behaviour of the population using Social Media and Text Mining algorithms. The results shows how the topic covid19 was increasing during the time, sleep patterns changed, and people were worried about fear to death, family travelling outside of Colombia and public health actions.

Determination of the normal conus medullaris level in term infants: the role of MRI in early infancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mengchun Sun ◽  
Benzhang Tao ◽  
Gan Gao ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Aijia Shang
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inferior Border ◽  
Superior Border

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the migration process of the conus medullaris (CM) in early infancy using infant MRI and to evaluate the application of MRI for locating the infant CM level. METHODS The authors retrospectively analyzed the CM level on the lumbosacral MR images of 26 term infants aged < 3 months who were classified into three groups according to age. The authors numbered the CM level in each patient and analyzed the range and average of the CM level of the cohort. The authors studied the linear correlation between CM level and postnatal days with linear regression analysis, 1-way ANOVA, and the least significant difference test. RESULTS The CM level ranged from the superior border of the L1 vertebra to the top third of the L3 vertebra. About 96.2% of infants had CM higher than the superior border of the L3 vertebra. On average, CM was located between the L1–2 intervertebral disc and the inferior border of the L2 vertebra (mean ± SD score 1.64 ± 1.14). The three groups had no significant statistical difference in CM level (F = 1.071 and p = 0.359; groups 1 and 2, p = 0.408; groups 1 and 3, p = 0.170; groups 2 and 3, p = 0.755). CM level had no linear regression correlation with postnatal days within the first month (r2 = 0.061, F = 0.654, p = 0.438) or within the first 3 months (r2 = 0.002, F = 0.056, p = 0.816). CONCLUSIONS The CM level reaches the normal adult level by birth in term infants and does not ascend during childhood. On average, the CM was between the L1–2 intervertebral disc and the inferior border of the L2 vertebra in term infants. Considering the possibility of physiologically low-lying CM, the authors agree that normal CM is located above the L3 level in term infants and CM at the L3 level could be equivocal and should be investigated with other clinical data. The study data suggest that MRI is an accurate and valuable method for determining the CM level in term infants.

Is antiglycolysis required for routine glucose analysis?

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2038-2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Sazama ◽  
E A Robertson ◽  
R A Chesler
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Specimen Handling ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Glucose Analysis

Abstract We obtained -68 pairs of simultaneously drawn serum and fluoride-oxalate plasma samples from patients and analyzed them by a continuous-flow (AutoAnalyzer II) glucose oxidase method. Glucose concentrations ranged from 370 to 3530 mg/L. Glucose concentrations for samples obtained in the fluoride-oxalate preservative averaged 42 +/- 35 mg/L (mean +/- SD) higher than serum. The magnitude of this difference was independent of glucose concentration. Linear-regression analysis of 270 pairs for which the time from collection to separation was recorded indicated that the difference between serum and plasma increased by 0.32 mg/L per minute of delay over a time span of 15 to 295 min. These differences are smaller than those described in standard textbooks. We conclude that, with the specimen-handling process used in our hospital, serum glucose determinations are clinically acceptable.

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