scholarly journals Abortion occurs during double fertilisation and ovule development in Paeonia ludlowii

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingqiao Chen ◽  
Mengyu Xie ◽  
Yumeng Jiang ◽  
Tao Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Natural Reproduction ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Late Abortion ◽  
Early Abortion

Paeonia ludlowii, a rare and endangered species, is indigenous to Tibet, China and propagated only by seed. Its natural reproduction is constrained by low fecundity. Excess seed abortion is a key factor restricting its natural reproduction, cultivation, introduction, and protection. In this study, we examined the characteristics of aborted ovules, developmental differences after flowering of normal and aborted ovules, and their ratios at different positions in P. ludlowii ovary. During pollination, fertilisation, and seed development, ovule abortion was frequent, with a random abortion position. There were four types of abortion, namely, abnormal pistil, sterile ovules, abnormal embryo sac, embryo and endosperm abortions. Of these, embryo and endosperm abortions could be divided into early abortion, middle abortion, and late abortion. The early aborted ovules stopped growing on day 12, the endoblast and endosperm in the embryo sac aborted gradually. Furthermore, the shape of the embryo sac cavity changed. The volume of aborted ovules was significantly different from that of fertile ovules. At ripening, the external morphology of different types of aborted seeds was significantly different.

Cryobanking of Amphibian Genetic Recourses in Russia: Past and Future

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
Victor K. Uteshev ◽  
Edith N. Gakhova ◽  
Ludmila I. Kramarova ◽  
Natalia V. Shishova ◽  
Svetlana A. Kaurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Material ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Cell Biophysics ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Modern Biology ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Current State ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In modern biology, a search for efficient and safe ways of long-term storage of animal genomes is vital for the survival of rare and endangered species. To date, the only reliable method of prolonging the preservation of genome is deep freezing of somatic and reproductive cells, including spermatozoa. Here we overview the current state of reproductive technologies and present the cryopresevation strategies of genetic material of selected amphibian species. These strategies were developed at the Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia. Cryopreservation could help managing the threatened populations of amphibian species through genome storage and mediate the production of healthy animals from the stored material.

ЗУБРЫ НА СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ — НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И БУДУЩЕЕ

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
I.V. GUSAROV ◽  
V.A. OSTAPENKO ◽  
T.V. NOVIKOVА
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Впервые в мире создана популяция зубров на территории 60 градусов северной широты. В новых климатических условиях разведения и сохранения зубров определены и проанализированы факторы существования вида на севере Европейской части РФ. Выявлены признаки, динамика численности, которые являются составной частью системы, предназначенной для управления биоразнообразием. Интродукция, являясь процессом введения в экосистему нехарактерных для нее видов, может усиливать изменения биоценозов как положительно, так и отрицательно. Насколько быстро и успешно проходит процесс адаптации заселенного вида, и усматривается его влияние на окружающую среду зависит дальнейшее существование зубров и в целом биоразнообразия. В статье обсуждаются вопросы взаимоотношения зубров с другими видами копытных и хозяйственной деятельностью человека, а также дальнейшим использованием зубров в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Пластичность зубров, выявление изменений и их анализ при вселении видов в новые условия обитания необходимы не только для определения развития или деградации биоценозов и в целом экосистемы, но и прогноза социально-экономических последствий интродукции как одного из методов сохранения редких и исчезающих видов фауны.For the first time in the world, a bison population has been created in an area of 60 degrees north latitude. In the new climatic conditions of breeding and preservation of bison, the factors of the species existence in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation are identified and analyzed. The signs, dynamics of abundance, which are an integral part of the system designed to manage biodiversity are identified, since the preservation of biological diversity on the planet is one of the main problems of our time. Introduction, being the process of introducing non-typical species into an ecosystem, can enhance changes in biocenoses, both positively and negatively. The question posing sounds especially when it comes to such a large hoofed animal as the European bison. How quickly and successfully the process of adaptation of the universe takes place and its environmental impact is seen depends on the continued existence of bison and biodiversity in general. The article discusses the relationship of bison with other types of ungulates and human activities, as well as the further use of bison in agricultural production. How these issues will be resolved positively depends on the future of these animals. Thus, the plasticity of bison, the identification of changes and their analysis, with the introduction of species into new habitat conditions is necessary not only to determine the development or degradation of biocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole, but also to predict the socio-economic consequences due to the introduction as one of the methods of preserving rare and endangered species of fauna.

Genetic diversity and genetic structure of the rare and endangered species, Primula ranunculoides

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-609
Author(s):  
Wang Deyun ◽  
Peng Jie ◽  
Chen Yajing ◽  
Lü Guosheng ◽  
Zhang Xiaoping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Geoecological analysis of the Russian Federation regions representation in the state program “Environmental Protection”

2020 ◽  
Vol 957 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
E.A. Kravets
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Volga River ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
State Program ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Russian Federation

The author offers mapping and geoecological analysis of the Russian Federation regions presence in the state program “Environmental Protection”. The unequal distribution of the program’s targets and activities in different regions is revealed. A considerable number of relevant environmental problems for several mentioned regions have not been reflected in the program. It is important to increase the area of specially protected natural areas for a significant number of subjects of the Russian Federation. The status “part of the territory occupied by specially protected natural territories of Federal value in the total area of the subject of the Russian Federation” is recommended to be assigned all regions of Russia. Identification and elimination of objects of accumulated environmental damage that threat to the Volga river is relevant, at least for all the regions in which the Volga flows. Not all regions with a high level of air pollution and/or large masses of air pollutants have the indicator “reduction of total emissions for the reporting year”. It is necessary to increase the Program of measures for the protection of rare and endangered species of plants and to expand the list of regions in which it is planned to protect rare and endangered species of animals.

scholarly journals The mac1 Gene: Controlling the Commitment to the Meiotic Pathway in Maize

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 1009-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F Sheridan ◽  
Nadezhda A Avalkina ◽  
Ivan I Shamrov ◽  
Tatyana B Batyea ◽  
Inna N Golubovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Female Gametophyte ◽  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Normal Female ◽  
Ovule Development ◽  
Partial Sterility ◽  
Embryo Sac Formation ◽  
Female Gametophyte Development ◽  
Normal Meiosis ◽  
Pleiotropic Mutation

Abstract The switch from the vegetative to the reproductive pathway of development in flowering plants requires the commitment of the subepidermal cells of the ovules and anthers to enter the meiotic pathway. These cells, the hypodermal cells, either directly or indirectly form the archesporial cells that, in turn, differentiate into the megasporocytes and microsporocytes. We have isolated a recessive pleiotropic mutation that we have termed multiple archesporial cells1 (macl) and located it to the short arm of chromosome 10. Its cytological phenotype suggests that this locus plays an important role in the switch of the hypodermal cells from the vegetative to the meiotic (sporogenous) pathway in maize ovules. During normal ovule development in maize, only a single hypodermal cell develops into an archesporial cell and this differentiates into the single megasporocyte. In macl mutant ovules several hypodermal cells develop into archesporial cells, and the resulting megasporocytes undergo a normal meiosis. More than one megaspore survives in the tetrad and more than one embryo sac is formed in each ovule. Ears on mutant plants show partial sterility resulting from abnormalities in megaspore differentiation and embryo sac formation. The sporophytic expression of this gene is therefore also important for normal female gametophyte development.

scholarly journals Supply Chain Coordination Contracts under Double Sided Disruptions Simultaneously

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Zhang ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jingsi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chain Coordination ◽  
Optimal Price ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Product Cost ◽  
Numerical Examples ◽  
Supply Chain Contracts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Key Factor

Supply chain coordination models are developed in a two-echelon supply chain with double sided disruptions. In a supply chain system, the supplier may suffer from the product cost disruption and the retailer suffers from the demand disruption simultaneously. The purpose of this study is to design proper supply chain contracts, under which the supply chain with double sided disruption can be coordinated. Firstly, the centralized decision-making models are applied to find the optimal price and quantity under three cases as the baseline. The different cases are divided by the different relationship between the product cost disruption and the demand disruption. Secondly, two different types of contracts are introduced to coordinate the whole supply chain. One is all-unit wholesale quantity discount policy (AQDP) contract, and the other one is capacitated linear pricing policy (CLPP) contract. And it is found out that the gap between the demand disruption and the product cost disruption is the key factor to influence the supply chain coordination. Some numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are given to illustrate the models. The AQDP contracts are listed out under different cases to show how to use it under double sided disruptions.

scholarly journals Research on a Biodiversity Conservation Value Assessment Method Based on Habitat Suitability of Species: A Case Study in Gansu Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3007
Author(s):  
Xiaojiong Zhao ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Junde Su ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
Haoxian Meng
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Gansu Province ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Conservation Value ◽  
Value Assessment ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered

Quantitative assessment and evaluation of ecological parameters and biodiversity conservation are prime concerns for long-term conservation of rare and endangered species and their associated habitats in any ecological region. In this study, Gansu Province, a biodiversity hotspot, was chosen as the research area. We predicted the distribution patterns of suitable habitats for rare and endangered species. The replacement cost method was adopted to calculate the conservation value of rare and endangered species. The suitable habitat distribution area of rare and endangered wild animals reached 351,607.76 km2 (without overlapping area), while that of plants reached 72,988.12 km2 (without overlapping area). The conservation value of rare and endangered wildlife is US $1670.00 million. The high-value areas are mostly concentrated in the south and north of Gansu Province. The conservation value of rare and endangered wild plants is US $56,920.00 million. The high-value areas are mostly concentrated south of Gansu Province. The conservation value is US $58,590.00 million a year, and its distribution trend is gradually decreasing from northeast to southwest, with the highest in the forest area south of Gansu Province, followed by the Qilian Mountain area in the north. These results are of great significance for future improvement of the evaluation index system of ecosystem services and the development of ecosystem services and management strategies.

scholarly journals Systematic and plant geography analysis of Badénou forest (Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 3156-3167
Author(s):  
Annick Estelle Gboze ◽  
Odette Mma Adingira ◽  
Ali Sanogo ◽  
Justin N’Dja Kassi
Keyword(s):  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Côte D’Ivoire ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Cote D’Ivoire ◽  
Widespread Species ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Côte D'ivoire ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Surface Survey ◽  
Rare And Endangered

This study was initiated to contribute to the sustainable management of the Badénou classified forest. Its objective was to contribute to a better knowledge of the flora of this classified forest and, beyond that, to provide details on the distribution of species on the scale of Côte d'Ivoire. Surface survey methods and itinerant inventories were adopted during this work in 30 plots, 25 of which were set aside for post-cultural fallow. A total of 241 species were recorded throughout the massif, divided into 184 genera and 53 families. The botany inventories in all parts of the forest helped identify 241 species have been recorded in Badénou forest during field investigations, distributed among 183 genera and 53 families. Among those species, 162 (67.22%), 12 (4.98%), 10 (4.15%) and 10 (4.15%) are phanerophytes, therophytes, geophytes and hemicryptophytes, respectively. 34 species (14.11%) are lianas. Most species are dispersed by endozoochory (108 species 44.40%), either bear small, fleshy fruits that are dispersed by animals, either by endozoochory (106 species = 43.98%). Phytochory analysis shows relevant proportion of widespread species (96 species = 39.83%) compared to endemic guineo-congolian species (44 species = 18.26%). 5 species (2.07%) are guineo-congolian species that are endemic from West Africa, among which only one was endemic from Côte d’Ivoire. Those proportions indicate that the forest under study is included in dry rainforest sensu Guillaumet & Adjanohoun, and match with the widespread guineo-congolian–soudano-zambezian zone defined by White & Edwards. Unfortunately, this forest is still under enormous human pressure. Conservation efforts for endemic, rare and endangered species and the classified forest itself must be a priority. La présente étude a été initiée pour contribuer à la gestion durable de la forêt classée de Badénou. Elle avait pour objectif de contribuer à une meilleure connaissance de la flore de cette forêt classée et, au-delà, à apporter des précisions sur la répartition des espèces à l’échelle de la Côte d’Ivoire. Les méthodes de relevé de surface et des inventaires itinérants ont été adoptées lors de ces travaux dans 30 parcelles dont 25 dans les jachères postculturales. Au total 241 espèces ont été recensées dans l’ensemble du massif, réparties en 184 genres et 53 familles. Parmi ces espèces, 162 (67,22%) sont des phanérophytes, 12 (4,98%) espèces sont des thérophytes, 10 (4,15%) espèces sont des géophytes et 10 (4,15%) autres sont des hémicryptophytes. 34 espèces (14,11%) sont des lianes. La plupart des espèces sont soit pourvues d’appendices permettant leur dissémination par le vent (108 espèces = 44,40%), soit possedent de petites diaspores charnues dont la dissémination est assurée par les animaux, soit par endozoochorie (106 espèces = 43,98%). L’analyse des phytochories montre une contribution importante des espèces à large répartition (39,83% soit 96 espèces) par rapport aux espèces guinéo-congolaises (18,26%). 5 espèces (2,07%) sont des guinéo-congolaises endémiques de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, dont une est endémiques de Côte d’Ivoire. Ces différentes proportions confirment l’appartenance de la forêt étudiée à la zone de forêt dense sèche de Guillaumet & Adjanohoun, qui correspond à la zone de transitio guinéo congolais-soudano-zambézienne de White & Edwards. Malheureusement, la forêt classée de Badenou subit encore d’énormes pressions anthropiques. Les efforts de conservation des espèces endémiques, rares et menacées d’extinction et de la forêt classée elle-même doivent être une priorité.

scholarly journals [First occurrence of Sea Lamprey, Petromyzon marinus Linnaeus 1758 (Agnatha, Petromyzontiformes, Petromyzontidae) in the River Mignone (Northern Lazio).]

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Ferri ◽  
Paolo Crescia ◽  
Christiana Soccini ◽  
Alessio Olini ◽  
Stefano Celletti
Keyword(s):  
Endangered Species ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Environmental Context ◽  
Upstream Migration ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
Fish Ladder ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Rare And Endangered

[The spring presence of two individuals of the Sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, in the River Mignone near Tarquinia (Northern Lazio) could highlight a new Italian reproductive site of this rare and endangered species. This exceptional possibility could certainly be favored by the good quality of both the waters of the Mignone, and the environmental context of the record, but would require the urgent equipment of the barrier of Le Mole with a fish ladder in order to allow the sea lamprey’s upstream migration towards the areas of the upper course, even more suitable for their reproduction].   [Article in Italian]

scholarly journals Đa dạng tài nguyên cây làm thuốc tại khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên Na Hang, tỉnh Tuyên Quang

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Thị Hải Nguyễn ◽  
Huy Thái Trần ◽  
Thế Cường Nguyễn ◽  
Thị Thanh Vân Trần
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Red List ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Data Book

In Na Hang Nature Reserve there was identified 647 medicinal plant species belonging to 137 families, 4 vascular divisions: Lycopodiophyta with 3 species, 2 families; Polypodiophyta with20 species, 12 families; Pinophyta with 6 species, 4 families; Magnoliophyta with 618 species, 119 families. Concerning the diversity index: the family index: 4.72; the genus index: 1.49; the genus index/the family index: 3.16. In Na Hang Nature Rserve 10 families more species occupying 7.30% of the total families of medicinal plants with the total of species occupying 31.68% and 28.64% of the total of genus. The family more diverse is Asteraceae with 32 species, occupying 4.95% of the total of medicinal plants identified; following is Rubiaceae with 28 species (4.33%), Euphorbiaceae with 26 species (4.02%); Moraceae with 23 species (3.55%); Cucurbitaceae, Verbenaceae with the same number of species 18 (2.78%); Araceae with 17 species (2.63%); Zingiberaceae with 16 species (2.47%); Urticaceae with 15 species (2.32%); and the last are families Poaceae of species 12 (1.85%) in the total of species. 10 genera more diverse with 59 species (9.12% of the total of medicinal plants), Ficus (Moraceae) is more diverse with 15 species (2.32% of the total of medicinal plants) and another genera with from 4 to 7 species. In Nature Reserve of Na Hang we have confirmed the distribution of 30 precious and rare and endangered species priorto the conservation: 23 species in Vietnam Red Data Book (2007): VU - 16 species, EN - 07 species; 17 species in Red List of medicinal plant of Vietnam (2006):VU - 10 species, EN - 6 species and CR – 01 species; 07 species in IUCN Red List (2014): LR - 06 species and VU – 01 species.

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