Site-specific recognition of SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 protein with a tailored titanium dioxide nanoparticle

The ongoing world-wide Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic shows the need for new sensing and therapeutic means against the CoV viruses. The SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 protein is important, both for replication and pathogenesis, making it an attractive target for intervention. In recent years nanoparticles have been shown to interact with peptides, ranging in size from single amino acids up to proteins. These nanoparticles can be tailor-made with specific functions and properties including bioavailability. To the best of our knowledge, in this study we show for the first time that a tailored titanium oxide nanoparticle interacts specifically with a unique site of the full-length SARS-CoV-2 nsp1 protein. This can be developed potentially into a tool for selective control of viral protein functions.

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The Complex Compound of Amino Acids With Titanium (III) as a Method to Control and Synthesis of Different Structures of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Usage as Photocatalysts to Oxidize Alcohols to Aldehyde

10.21203/rs.3.rs-175630/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yahya Absalan ◽

Nazanin Noroozi Shad ◽

Mostafa Gholizadeh

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Uv Light ◽

Chemical Analyses ◽

Benzyl Alcohols ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽

Physical Chemical ◽

Nitrobenzyl Alcohol ◽

Different Types ◽

Full Investigation

Abstract Different types of the amino acids (Glutamine, Glycine, Alanine) were used to coordinate TiCl3 in order to investigating the best precursor for synthesis of TiO2. Also, a full investigation was carried out to synthesis four different structures of TiO2 nanoparticles [TiO2 (A0.8R0.2), TiO2 (A0.6R0.4), TiO2 (Anatase), and TiO2 (Rutile)]. Oxidation of derivatives alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde through the obtained nanoparticles, as a photocatalyst, under UV light was considered to investigate the best structure of TiO2. Different physical-chemical analyses were applied to investigate the result. The result showed that the titanium dioxide nanoparticle, synthesized from glycine was obtained at the least temperature and was chosen as a precursor to synthesis of four different types of TiO2. All the synthesized TiO2 were applied for oxidation of benzyl alcohols into benzaldehyde, as a test, and TiO2 (A0.6R0.4) could give the best result (87% efficiency). Then it was used to oxidize benzyl alcohol, 4-cholorobenzyl alcohol, 4-nitrobenzyl alcohol and 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to their corresponding aldehyde and efficiency were 74, 92, 87, and 65% respectively.

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Synthesis of Zinc Oxide, Titanium Dioxide and Magnesium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Their Prospective in Pharmaceutical and Biotechnological Applications

Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences ◽

10.37871/jbres1180 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 011-020

Author(s):

Abhinav Shrivastava ◽

Ravi Kant Singh ◽

Pankaj Kumar Tyagi ◽

Dilip Gore

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Small Molecules ◽

Safety Assessment ◽

Biotechnological Applications ◽

Zno Nps ◽

Tio2 Nps ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽

Oxide Nanoparticle

The use of nanoparticles for the therapeutic purpose is gaining pronounced importance. In the last two decades, a number of nanomedicines received regulatory approval and several showed promises through clinical trials. In this content, it is important to synthesize nanoparticles from various sources and to check its efficiency, especially its antibacterial activity. In today’s scenario number nanomedicines are proving useful to control multidrug resistance and since the mechanism of action of nanoparticles is totally different from the small molecules like antibiotics it obviates the chances of drug resistance. In this review, we discussed three metal-based nanoparticles prepared from various reducing sources namely Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle (ZnO NPs), Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle (TiO2 NPs) and Magnesium Dioxide Nanoparticle (MnO2 NPs). The focus also made towards the safety assessment of the several nanoparticles. In addition, the exact interaction of the nanoparticles with the bacterial cell surface and the resultant changes also been highlighted. The review put forward the sources, method, and antibacterial success of these nanoparticles so that future nanomedicines could be put forward.

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Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles - A Green Chemistry Approach

10.46532/978-81-950008-1-4_079 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 358-363

Author(s):

Shankar H ◽

Nanthini Sivakumar ◽

Sangavi K ◽

Suhasini Sathiyamoorthy ◽

Pandiyarasan Veluswamy

Keyword(s):

Zinc Oxide ◽

Titanium Dioxide ◽

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Human Life ◽

Vital Role ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Aloe Barbadensis ◽

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle ◽

Oxide Nanoparticle

Many green synthesis methods are used for synthesizing the nanoparticles in order not to harm humankind which makes use of it. Sunscreen is one of the vital products that play a vital role in human life nowadays. Sunscreens are generally prepared with titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles due to their higher bandgap which helps to protect the skin from UVB and UVA rays respectively. These nanoparticles are chemically prepared as far as now in the case of sunscreen products. Titanium dioxide nanoparticle does not give full protection over the UV-A spectrum when compared to Zinc oxide nanoparticle. So, sunscreen manufacturers opt for ZnO nanoparticles to give better results. Our motivation is to prepare green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles to use in the preparation of transparent sunscreen. Here we use Aloe barbadensis leaf extract for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles.

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Genetic Incorporation of Two Mutually Orthogonal Bioorthogonal Amino Acids That Enable Efficient Protein Dual-Labeling in Cells

10.1101/2021.04.12.439361 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Riley M Bednar ◽

Subhashis Jana ◽

Sahiti Kuppa ◽

Rachel Franklin ◽

Joeseph Beckman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Protein Function ◽

Protein A ◽

Noncanonical Amino Acids ◽

Site Specific ◽

Levels Of Detail ◽

High Yields ◽

First Time

The ability to site-specifically modify proteins at multiple sites in vivo will enable the study of protein function in its native environment with unprecedented levels of detail. Here, we present a versatile two-step strategy to meet this goal involving site-specific encoding of two distinct noncanonical amino acids bearing bioorthogonal handles into proteins in vivo followed by mutually orthogonal labeling. This general approach, that we call dual encoding and labeling (DEAL), allowed us to efficiently encoded tetrazine- and azide-bearing amino acids into a protein and demonstrate for the first time that the bioorthogonal labeling reactions with strained alkene and alkyne labels can function simultaneously and intracellularly with high yields when site-specifically encoded in a single protein. Using our DEAL system, we were able to perform topologically-defined protein-protein crosslinking, intramolecular stapling, and site-specific installation of fluorophores all inside living Escherichia coli cells, as well as study the DNA-binding properties of yeast Replication Protein A in vitro. By enabling the efficient dual modification of proteins in vivo, this DEAL approach provides a tool for the characterization and engineering of proteins in vivo.

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Site Specific Genetic Incorporation of Azidophenylalanine in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/srep17196 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nan Shao ◽

N. Sadananda Singh ◽

Susan E. Slade ◽

Alexandra M. E. Jones ◽

Mohan K. Balasubramanian

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Schizosaccharomyces Pombe ◽

Unnatural Amino Acids ◽

Building Blocks ◽

Trna Synthetase ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Site Specific ◽

Specific Manner ◽

Protein Functions ◽

A Site

Abstract The diversity of protein functions is impacted in significant part by the chemical properties of the twenty amino acids, which are used as building blocks for nearly all proteins. The ability to incorporate unnatural amino acids (UAA) into proteins in a site specific manner can vastly expand the repertoire of protein functions and also allows detailed analysis of protein function. In recent years UAAs have been incorporated in a site-specific manner into proteins in a number of organisms. In nearly all cases, the amber codon is used as a sense codon and an orthogonal tRNA/aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase (RS) pair is used to generate amber suppressing tRNAs charged with the UAA. In this work, we have developed tools to incorporate the cross-linking amino acid azido-phenylalanine (AzF) through the use of bacterial tRNATyr and a modified version of TyrRS, AzFRS, in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which is an attractive model organism for the study of cell behavior and function. We have incorporated AzF into three different proteins. We show that the majority of AzF is modified to amino-phenyl alanine, but protein cross-linking was still observed. These studies set the stage for exploitation of this new technology for the analysis of S. pombe proteins.

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Single Amino Acid Based Self-Assemblies of Cysteine and Methionine

10.26434/chemrxiv.5972173.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Nidhi Gour ◽

Bharti Koshti ◽

Chandra Kanth P. ◽

Dhruvi Shah ◽

Vivek Shinh Kshatriya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Self Assembly ◽

Aromatic Amino Acids ◽

Neutral Condition ◽

Single Amino Acid ◽

Binding Assays ◽

Human Neuroblastoma ◽

Cytotoxicity Assays ◽

First Time

We report for the very first time self-assembly of Cysteine and Methionine to discrenible strucutres under neutral condition. To get insights into the structure formation, thioflavin T and Congo red binding assays were done which revealed that aggregates may not have amyloid like characteristics. The nature of interactions which lead to such self-assemblies was purported by coincubating assemblies in urea and mercaptoethanol. Further interaction of aggregates with short amyloidogenic dipeptide diphenylalanine (FF) was assessed. While cysteine aggregates completely disrupted FF fibres, methionine albeit triggered fibrillation. The cytotoxicity assays of cysteine and methionine structures were performed on Human Neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells which suggested that aggregates are not cytotoxic in nature and thus, may not have amyloid like etiology. The results presented in the manuscript are striking, since to the best of our knowledge,this is the first report which demonstrates that even non-aromatic amino acids (cysteine and methionine) can undergo spontaneous self-assembly to form ordered aggregates.

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