scholarly journals Low levels of Fe and Se with high IL-6/IL-10 likely influence nutritional immunity in tuberculosis patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep R. Kaushik ◽  
Sukanya Sahu ◽  
Hritusree Guha ◽  
Sourav Saha ◽  
Ranjit Das ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Iron Homeostasis ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Nutritional Immunity ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
And Control

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) patients present dysregulated immunity, iron metabolism and anaemia of inflammation. In this study, circulatory cytokines, trace metals, and iron-related proteins (hepcidin, ferroportin, transferrin, DMT1, Nramp1, ferritin, ceruloplasmin, hemojuvelin, aconitase, transferring receptor) were monitored in case (active tuberculosis patients: ATB) and control (non-tuberculosis: NTB and healthy) study populations (n=72, male, 42.94 mean age (16-83)). Using serum elemental and cytokine levels, a partial least square discriminate analysis model (PLS-DA) was built and variables with a VIP score of >0.6 were selected as important markers. A biosignature of IL-13, IL-12(p70), IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-5, IL-18, IL-4, Selenium, and Aluminium clustered ATB away from controls. Interestingly, low iron and selenium levels, while high copper and aluminum levels were observed in ATB subjects. All the important serum cytokines were positively correlated in ATB subjects. A low abundance of transferrin, ferroportin, and hemojuvelin, while higher ferritin and ceruloplasmin levels explained an altered iron metabolism in ATB subjects which partially resolved upon completion of treatment. Further, the identified biosignature in TB patients, that explained anemia of inflammation, along with perturbed iron homeostasis could be useful targets for the development of host-directed adjunct therapeutics.

Factors affecting the performance of the traditional fisheries fishing effort in the regency of Kubu Raya, West Borneo

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigit Sugiardi ◽  
Jamhari Jamhari ◽  
Slamet Hartono ◽  
Lestari Rahayu Waluyati
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Fishing Effort ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Traditional Fishing

Purpose This study aims to explain the factors that affect the performance of traditional fishing business at Kubu Raya Regency of West Borneo Province. Design/methodology/approach The method used in this research is quantitative method. The research location in Kubu, Padang Tikar and Teluk Pakedai sub-districts of Kubu Raya Regency of West Borneo Province, considering the location is the target of CCDP-IFAD in Kubu Raya district. The data analysis model in this research is done by using structural equation model (SEM) approach with assisted WarpPLS program (partial least square development). Findings Based on the results of the analysis of SEM, it is revealed that the direct influence of the six dependent variables the environment of the individual fisherman, regulatory and government policy, environmental economics, a social-cultural environment, managerial capacity and the sustainability of the business aspects of ecological management affect directly toward traditional capture fisheries business performance, only empowerment that is not directly influential on performance of traditional capture fisheries business. Originality/value The originality in this study is shown in the objectives and variables used in the research, i.e. individual environmental variables of fishermen, government policies and regulations, economic environment, social-cultural environment, empowerment, management capacity and business sustainability influence the performance variable of traditional fishing business. In addition, there is a direct influence, allegedly there is an indirect influence on the variables empowerment of the performance of fishery business.

scholarly journals Hyperspectral Shortwave Infrared Image Analysis for Detection of Adulterants in Almond Powder with One-Class Classification Method

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 5855
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada ◽  
Santosh Lohumi ◽  
Geonwoo Kim ◽  
Rahul Joshi ◽  
Hoonsoo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
One Class Classifier ◽  
Shortwave Infrared

The widely used techniques for analyzing the quality of powdered food products focus on targeted detection with a low-throughput screening of samples. Owing to potentially significant health threats and large-scale adulterations, food regulatory agencies and industries require rapid and non-destructive analytical techniques for the detection of unexpected compounds present in products. Accordingly, shortwave-infrared hyperspectral imaging (SWIR-HSI) for high throughput authenticity analysis of almond powder was investigated in this study. Two different varieties of almond powder, adulterated with apricot and peanut powder at different concentrations, were imaged using the SWIR-HSI system. A one-class classifier technique, known as data-driven soft independent modeling of class analogy (DD-SIMCA), was used on collected data sets of pure and adulterated samples. A partial least square regression (PLSR) model was further developed to predict adulterant concentrations in almond powder. Classification results from DD-SIMCA yielded 100% sensitivity and 89–100% specificity for different validation sets of adulterated samples. The results obtained from the PLSR analysis yielded a high determination coefficient (R2) and low error values (<1%) for each variety of almond powder adulterated with apricot; however, a relatively higher error rates of 2.5% and 4.4% for the two varieties of almond powder adulterated with peanut powder, which indicates the performance of quantitative analysis model could vary with sample condition, such as variety, originality, etc. PLSR-based concentration mapped images visually characterized the adulterant (apricot) concentration in the almond powder. These results demonstrate that the SWIR-HSI technique combined with the one-class classifier DD-SIMCA can be used effectively for a high-throughput quality screening of almond powder regarding potential adulteration.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Analysis of Clinical Plasma from Cerebral Infarction Patients Presenting with Blood Stasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Ho Cha ◽  
Min Jung Kim ◽  
Jeeyoun Jung ◽  
Jin Hee Kim ◽  
Myeong Soo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Blood Stasis ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Metabolomic Analysis ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Traditional Korean Medicine ◽  
Purple Coloration

Blood stasis (BS) is characterized as a disorder of blood circulation. In traditional Korean medicine (TKM), it is viewed as a cause factor of diseases such as multiple sclerosis and stroke. This study investigated differences in the plasma metabolites profiles of subjects displaying BS or non-BS patterns. Thirty-one patients with cerebral infarction diagnosed with BS and an equal number of sex- and age-matched non-BS patients were enrolled. Metabolic profiling was performed using UPLC-MS. The ratio of subjects with a rough pulse and purple coloration of the tongue was higher in patients presenting with BS pattern. Through metabolomics analysis, 82 metabolites that differed significantly between the BS and non-BS pattern were identified, and the two groups were significantly separated using an orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis model(P<0.001). Of these 82 metabolites, acetyl carnitine, leucine, kynurenine, phosphocholine, hexanoyl carnitine, and decanoyl carnitine were present in significantly higher levels in patients with a BS pattern than those with a non-BS pattern. Our results also demonstrated that seven plasma metabolites, including acyl-carnitines and kynurenine, were associated with a BS pattern, suggesting that variant plasma metabolic profiles may serve as a biomarker for diagnosis of BS in patients with cerebral infarction.

Hysteretic Nonlinear Characteristics of Giant Magnetostrictive Sensors

2013 ◽  
Vol 479-480 ◽  
pp. 667-671
Author(s):  
Zhi Wen Zhu ◽  
Qing Xin Zhang ◽  
Jia Xu
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Magnetic Field Intensity ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Sensor Model ◽  
Giant Magnetostrictive Material ◽  
Magnetostrictive Sensor ◽  
And Control

Hysteretic nonlinear characteristics of giant magnetostrictive sensor were studied in this paper. Nonlinear difference items were introduced to interpret the hysteresis phenomena of the strain-magnetic field intensity (MFI) curves of giant magnetostrictive material (GMM). The coupling relationship between strain and frequency was obtained in partial least-square regression method to describe the driftage phenomena of the strain-MFI curves of GMM in different frequencies. The mechanical model of giant magnetostrictive sensor was developed, and the nonlinear relationship between output voltage of giant magnetostrictive sensor and input excitation force was obtained. The nonlinear characteristics of giant magnetostrictive sensor were discussed, and the phenomena of accuracy aggravation in high frequency and delay of giant magnetostrictive sensor were explained. The new giant magnetostrictive sensor model has simple form and is easy to be analyzed in theory, which is helpful to measuring and control.

scholarly journals Marketability, profitability, and profit-loss sharing: evidence from sharia banking in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-326
Author(s):  
Ahmad Abbas ◽  
Ainun Arizah
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Stewardship Theory ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Mediation Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Test Of Significance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze marketability constructed from market share and concentration and to test its effect on the profitability and the mediation effects of profit‒loss sharing under stewardship theory. Design/methodology/approach This research employs data of financial statements published by ten sharia commercial banks listed in the Indonesia Financial Services Authority during the period 2011–2016. The data are analyzed into path analysis model using multiple mediators. Findings The result reveals that sharia banks’ marketability in Indonesia tends to be low. Based on the test of significance through Partial Least Square, it is found that marketability has a positive effect on the level of profitability, indicating that market share and concentration of sharia banks positively lead the change on the level of Return on Asset and Return on Equity. This paper further identifies the mediation effects emerged through mudharabah and musharakah. The results point out that mudharabah has a partial effect and musharakah has a competitive effect on the relationship between market share and profitability. Practical implications This paper can be a decision-maker for Central Bank and Financial Services Authority for encouraging sharia banks to enhance the power market through the mode of finances with profit‒loss sharing. Originality/value The growth of sharia banks is currently becoming highlight of the literature of sharia banks. This paper provides insights into stewardship theory that sharia banking management provides the concept of the alignment of interest.

Classification of fish meal produced in China and Peru by online near infrared spectroscopy with characteristic wavelength variables

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guanghui Shen ◽  
Lujia Han ◽  
Xia Fan ◽  
Xian Liu ◽  
Yaoyao Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Characteristic Wavelength ◽  
Validation Set

Online near infrared reflectance spectroscopy combined with characteristic wavelength variables was used to establish a fast and nondestructive analytical method for the classification of fish meal produced in China and Peru. In this study, 117 fish meal samples (47 from China and 70 from Peru) were scanned in the spectral range of 1000–2500 nm by the online near infrared spectroscopy instrument applied on the conveyor belt. The K–S (Kennard–Stone) method was used for the division of samples into calibration and validation sets. Principal component analysis and partial least square discriminant analysis were applied to classify fish meal samples. The results showed that the discrimination accuracies with calibration and validation set samples were 100% and 89.74%, respectively, for the partial least square discriminant analysis model using the full spectrum after the optimimal spectral pre-treatment. Then competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was used to select the characteristic wavelength variables for partial least square discriminant analysis model analysis, and the discrimination accuracy for the validation set increased to 94.87%. All the results indicated that online near infrared spectroscopy combined with characteristic wavelength variables could be used for discriminating fish meal samples produced in different places, which offers feed purchasers an effective, reliable, and real-time analysis method for the identification and authentication of the commercial fish meal product.

scholarly journals POLA PERILAKU PENELUSURAN INFORMASI MAHASISWA DI ERA DIGITAL NATIVE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Atiqa Nur Latifa Hanum
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Digital Native ◽  
Analysis Model

Abstract Human behavior in searching different information but can establish a pattern that can be known the model search. In the case of this study, the focus is the behavior of students in searching information to meet the learning needs on campus. Exploratory research methodology with a quantitative approach. Collecting data through distributing questionnaires to 93 respondents to the survey technique as the primary data and conducting interviews as secondary data. Data analysis techniques performed by regression analysis model tiered or SEM (structural equation modeling) with Partial Least Square approach using tools SmartPls 2.0 and SPSS program to test for normality of data. The results showed that the characteristics of all respondents belonging to the Internet generation (net generation) or better known as a digital native with instant information search behavior patterns and digital in meeting information needs. Amounting to 68.82% of respondents chose the resources in the form of electronic media format as a medium of learning than the printed media. Amounting to 62.37% of respondents prefer to access information to support their learning tasks derived from internet and as much as 54.84% using the smartphone as a support tool accessing such information. In conclusion digital native generation tend to like information search patterns that come into contact with technology, is fast and easy, and like source of information in electronic media. Thus forming the pattern of searches ranging from needs information analysis (task/add insight) – environment (economic) - access location (internet/library) – selection (source of relevant information). Keywords: behavior, information retrieval, digital native

Quantitative Analysis of Radix Rehmanniae from Genuine Producing Area by Near Infrared Spectroscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 912-914 ◽  
pp. 2010-2013
Author(s):  
Hai Yan Gong ◽  
Cai Xia Xie ◽  
Ming Xia Wu ◽  
Yong Xia Cui ◽  
Zhi Hong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Soluble Components

In this paper the water extract of Radix Rehmanniae from genuine producing area was rapidly determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The quantitative analysis model of the water extraction of Radix Rehmanniae was established by Partial Least Square (PLS). The correlation coefficient of calibration (R2) was 0.99529; the root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP) was 0.134. The results indicated that the water-soluble components in Radix Rehmanniae from genuine producing area can be rapidly and accurately determined by near-infrared spectroscopy technology.

The Role of Organizational Commitment to Provide Leadership and Organizational Culture with Employee Performance on Mina Group

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20563-20571
Author(s):  
I Gusti Ngurah Mandala Jaya Utama ◽  
I Ketut Setia Sapta ◽  
Anik Yuesti
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Positive Leadership ◽  
And Control

This study aims to improve and control the relationship between leadership, organizational culture, organizational commitment and employee performance. This research was conducted at Warung Mina Group with Warung Mina Group employee population, 81 respondents sampled by stratified random sampling method. All data generated from questionnaires are suitable for use, and then analyzed using the structural equation model called Partial Least Square (PLS). The result of the research shows (1) positive leadership leadership and significant to organizational commitment, (2) organizational culture have positive and significant influence to organizational commitment, (3) positive leadership leadership and significant to employee performance, (4) organizational culture have positive and significant impact to employee performance and. The implications of this research are that leadership can be maximized by motivational excellence, organizational culture can be improved by applying emphasis on the group (emphasis group), organizational commitment is maximized by increasing affective application and improved employee performance by maximizing the quantity of work.

An empirical study of biological scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 458-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youngseek Kim
Keyword(s):  
Academic Culture ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Control Belief ◽  
Research Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how attitudinal, normative and control beliefs influence scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate. Design/methodology/approach A survey method was employed to examine a research model of scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate. A total of 264 survey responses from biological scientists in the USA were used to evaluate the research model by using partial least square based structural equation modeling. Findings The results showed that scientists’ attitudinal beliefs (i.e. perceived relationship, reputation and risk), normative beliefs (i.e. subjective norm, perceived academic culture and community norm of article sharing) and control belief (i.e. perceived ease of use) all significantly affect their attitudes toward article sharing and article sharing intentions through ResearchGate. Research limitations/implications The theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to develop the research model, and the specific research constructs from prior literature were incorporated in the model. The TPB and related research constructs nicely explained biological scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate. Practical implications This study suggests that academic libraries can better promote their scientists’ article sharing through digital platforms such as institutional repositories as well as scholarly social media. This can be achieved by emphasizing its benefits, including potential relationships or collaborations, positive academic reputation and community norms of article sharing, and by decreasing scientists’ concerns about copyright infringements and effort expectancy involved in article sharing. Originality/value As one of the initial studies in scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate, this study provides a holistic picture of how attitudinal, normative and control beliefs all affect scientists’ article sharing through ResearchGate.

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