scholarly journals C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase are useful biomarkers for predicting the requirement for oxygen therapy in outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiko Suzuki ◽  
Takaya Ichikawa ◽  
Satoshi Suzuki ◽  
Yoko Tanino ◽  
Yasutaka Kakinoki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Oxygen Therapy ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Outpatient Basis ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Blood Testing ◽  
Reactive Protein

Background It is critical for clinicians seeing outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to identify those who will require oxygen therapy after the hospital visit. Although many studies on biomarkers predicting the study outcomes, including intensive care unit admission, ventilator requirement, or mortality, in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 have been conducted, research on biomarkers predicting the need for oxygen therapy in outpatients is sparse. Methods Patients with COVID-19 who visited Asahikawa City Hospital on an outpatient basis were included in the study. In total, 287 new outpatients visited between April 2021 and September 2021, and 142 underwent blood testing. All blood tests were performed before any treatments for COVID-19 were started. Demographic information, laboratory data, and clinical treatment information were extracted from the electronic medical records. Risk factors associated with oxygen therapy were explored. Results In total, 40 of 142 patients who underwent blood testing required oxygen therapy within 7 days after blood samples were taken, and all other patients recovered without oxygen therapy. C-reactive protein (CRP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were significantly higher in patients who required oxygen therapy, and their cutoffs were 36 mg/L (sensitivity, 0.802; specificity, 0.725) and 267 U/L (sensitivity, 0.713; specificity, 0.750), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression identified age, body mass index, CRP ≥ 36 mg/L, and LDH ≥ 267 U/L as significant risk factors for oxygen therapy. Conclusion This study suggests that elevated CRP and LDH levels are useful biomarkers for predicting the need for oxygen therapy in outpatients with COVID-19. Further confirmatory studies are needed.

scholarly journals Direct Versus Calculated LDL Cholesterol and C-Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Assessment in the Framingham Offspring Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1102-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Ikezaki ◽  
Virginia A Fisher ◽  
Elise Lim ◽  
Masumi Ai ◽  
Ching-Ti Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Standard Risk

AbstractBACKGROUNDIncreases in circulating LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations are significant risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We assessed direct LDL-C and hsCRP concentrations compared to standard risk factors in the Framingham Offspring Study.METHODSWe used stored frozen plasma samples (−80 °C) obtained after an overnight fast from 3147 male and female participants (mean age, 58 years) free of CVD at cycle 6 of the Framingham Offspring Study. Overall, 677 participants (21.5%) had a CVD end point over a median of 16.0 years of follow-up. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), direct LDL-C (Denka Seiken and Kyowa Medex methods), and hsCRP (Dade Behring method) concentrations were measured by automated analysis. LDL-C was also calculated by both the Friedewald and Martin methods.RESULTSConsidering all CVD outcomes on univariate analysis, significant factors included standard risk factors (age, hypertension, HDL-C, hypertension treatment, sex, diabetes, smoking, and TC concentration) and nonstandard risk factors (non-HDL-C, direct LDL-C and calculated LDL-C, TG, and hsCRP concentrations). On multivariate analysis, only the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C and the Dade Behring hsCRP were still significant on Cox regression analysis and improved the net risk reclassification index, but with modest effects. Discordance analysis confirmed the benefit of the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C method for prospective hard CVD endpoints (new-onset myocardial infarction, stroke, and/or CVD death).CONCLUSIONSOur data indicate that the Denka Seiken direct LDL-C and Dade Behring hsCRP measurements add significant, but modest, information about CVD risk, compared to standard risk factors and/or calculated LDL-C.

Risk factors for coronary heart disease in miners with anthracosilicosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Panev ◽  
Natalya A. Evseeva ◽  
Sergey N. Filimonov ◽  
Olga Yu. Korotenko ◽  
Olga N. Blazhina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Coal Industry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein

Introduction. There are data on the effects of dust on the respiratory system and the cardiovascular system. The main measures for preventing diseases of the circulatory system aimed to identify and eliminate risk factors. However, the prevalence of risk factors for coronary heart disease among coal mine workers with anthracosilicosis has not been sufficiently studied, determining the study's relevance. The study aimed to learn the frequency of risk factors for coronary heart disease in coal industry workers with anthracosilicosis. Materials and methods. We examined 269 miners working in conditions of dustiness exceeding the maximum permissible concentration by ten or more times: 139 miners with a previously established diagnosis of anthracosilicosis and 130 miners of the control group without dust pathology of the lungs. All of them underwent a comprehensive clinical, instrumental, and laboratory examination of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to detect anthracosilicosis and coronary heart disease, as well as to assess its risk factors. Results. In miners with anthracosilicosis, coronary heart disease was 3.5 times more common (30.94%) than in the control group (8.46%). We have identified a high incidence of coronary heart disease in the age group of 45 and more years and with the experience of working in dust conditions of 20 and more years. In miners with anthracosilicosis combined with coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension was 1.6 times more common (58.14%) than without concomitant coronary heart disease - 35.42%. Miners with a combination of anthracosilicosis and coronary heart disease were three times more likely (20.93%) than those without coronary heart disease (6.25%) to have a metabolic syndrome. According to the Tanner index, significant risk factors for coronary heart disease were the presence of an andromorphic constitutional-morphological type and the formation of a complication of anthracosilicosis - respiratory failure. The evaluation of biochemical blood tests showed that the most significant markers of coronary heart disease risk were hyperhomocysteinemia, increased levels of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and soluble fibrin-monomer complexes. Conclusions. We found that the most significant risk of developing coronary heart disease in miners is 45 years and older. There are also other risk factors: work experience in harmful working conditions of 20 years or more; the presence of arterial hypertension; metabolic syndrome; andromorphic constitutional-morphological type according to the Tanner index. Risk factors are respiratory failure, hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased soluble fibrin-monomer complexes, and C - reactive protein. It is necessary to consider all risks in developing programs of medical and preventive measures for employees of the coal industry.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of cytokine storm as red flags for severe and fatal COVID-19 cases: A living systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253894
Author(s):  
Ana Karla G. Melo ◽  
Keilla M. Milby ◽  
Ana Luiza M. A. Caparroz ◽  
Ana Carolina P. N. Pinto ◽  
Rodolfo R. P. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
D Dimer

Objective To describe the laboratory parameters and biomarkers of the cytokine storm syndrome associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Methods A search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on November 28th, 2020 of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, LILACS, and IBECS to identify studies of interest. Grey literature searches and snowballing techniques were additionally utilized to identify yet-unpublished works and related citations. Two review authors independently screened the retrieved titles and abstracts, selected eligible studies for inclusion, extracted data from the included studies, and then assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eligible studies were those including laboratory parameters—including serum interleukin-6 levels—from mild, moderate, or severe COVID-19 cases. Laboratory parameters, such as interleukin-6, ferritin, hematology, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer, were extracted from the studies. Meta-analyses were conducted using the laboratory data to estimate mean differences with associated 95% confidence intervals. Data synthesis The database search yielded 9,620 records; 40 studies (containing a total of 9,542 patients) were included in the final analysis. Twenty-one studies (n = 4,313) assessed laboratory data related to severe COVID-19 cases, eighteen studies (n = 4,681) assessed predictors for fatal COVID-19 cases and one study (n = 548) assessed laboratory biomarkers related to severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of interleukin-6, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, C-Reactive-Protein, procalcitonin, creatinine, neutrophils and leucocytes were associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Conclusions This review points to interleukin-6, ferritin, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer as important biomarkers of cytokine storm syndrome. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 and hyperferritinemia should be considered as red flags of systemic inflammation and poor prognosis in COVID-19.

scholarly journals Risk factors and electrocardiogram characteristics for mortality of critical inpatients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingzhi Li ◽  
Shudi Zhang ◽  
Bing He ◽  
Xiaobei Chen ◽  
Shihong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has subsequently spread worldwide. The number of death has increased rapidly. However, the possible risk factors that lead to death in critical inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not yet fully known. This study was to explore the risk factors for mortality of critical inpatients with COVID-19. Methods In this single-centered, retrospective study, we enrolled 113 critical patients with COVID-19 in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University between Feb 1, 2020 and Mar 15, 2020. Data were collected using a standard method including clinical records and laboratory findings. Outcomes of survivors and death were compared. Results A total of 113 critical patients (from 29 to 95 years) with COVID-19 were recruited, 50 (44.25%) died and 63 recovered (55.75%). The proportion of patients with ventricular arrhythmia was higher in the death group than the recovery group (24.0% vs 4.4%; p = 0.021), and was higher among myocardial damage cases than non-myocardial damage cases (26.1% vs 4.3%; p = 0.013). Multivariate analysis confirmed four independent predictors related to mortality of COVID-19: age > 70 yrs (HR 1.84, 95% CI 1.03–3.28), initial neutrophil count more than 6.5 × 109/L (HR 3.43, 95% CI 1.84–6.40), C-reactive protein greater more than 100 mg/L (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.04–3.59), and lactate dehydrogenase more than 300 U/L (HR 2.90, 95% CI 1.26–6.67). Immunoglobulin treatment (HR 0.39, 95% CI 0.21–0.73) can reduce the risk of death. There was no significant difference in the QT interval between patients with and without hydroxychloroquine treatment. Conclusions Old age (> 70 years), neutrophilia, C-reactive protein greater more than 100 mg/L and lactate dehydrogenase more than 300 U/L are high-risk factors for mortality of critical patients with COVID-19. The incidence of ventricular arrhythmia was higher in deceased patients than survivors.

A system for predicting the development of coronary heart disease in miners with anthracosilicosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 365-370
Author(s):  
Nikolay I. Panev ◽  
Natalya A. Evseeva ◽  
Sergey N. Filimonov ◽  
Olga Yu. Korotenko ◽  
Igor P. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Bicycle Ergometry ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Among underground miners, the pathology of the cardiovascular system is much more common than among workers on the surface, which indicates the negative role of the impact of harmful production factors. There is evidence of a high prevalence of traditional risk factors for the development of coronary heart disease among miners with dust pathology of the lungs. Preventive measures for coronary heart disease exist for the timely detection and elimination of risk factors. In this regard, it is relevant to optimize methods for predicting the risk of developing coronary heart disease in coal mine workers. The study aims to develop a system for predicting the probability of developing coronary heart disease in miners with anthracosilicosis based on determining the most significant risk factors. Materials and methods. The experts studied the frequency of coronary heart disease and its risk factors in 139 employees of the primary professions of coal mines. The scientists performed daily ECG monitoring, bicycle ergometry according to the Rose questionnaire. They also studied the indicators of lipid metabolism, hemostasis, the level of homocysteine, C-reactive protein, glycemia, the presence of excess body weight, constitutional and morphological types according to Rice-Eysenck and Tanner. The experts developed a predictive system using the Bayes method. We calculated a predictive coefficient for each factor. Scientists determined the probability of coronary heart disease by the value of the sum of prognostic coefficients. Results. Workers aged 45 years and older have the highest risk of developing coronary heart disease. The experience of working in harmful working conditions for 20 years or more, the presence of arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, respiratory failure, andromorphic constitutional-morphological type according to the Tanner index, as well as the presence of hyperhomocysteinemia, hyperfibrinogenemia, increased levels of soluble fibrin-monomer complexes and C-reactive protein - all these are the risks of developing coronary heart disease in miners with anthracosilicosis. Conclusions. The developed system of personalized prediction of the probability of developing coronary heart disease in miners with anthracosilicosis allows us to identify a group of high-risk workers for timely treatment and preventive measures for them.

Complementary Effects of Multivitamin and Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Indices of Cardiovascular Health in Individuals with Elevated Homocysteine

2012 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Earnest ◽  
S. Kupper ◽  
M. Thompson ◽  
Guo ◽  
S. Church
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Daily Ingestion

Homocysteine (HCY), C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and triglycerides (TG) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). While multivitamins (MVit) may reduce HCY and hsCRP, omega-3 fatty acids (N3) reduce TG; yet, they are seldom studied simultaneously. We randomly assigned 100 participants with baseline HCY (> 8.0 umol/L) to the daily ingestion of: (1) placebo, (2) MVit (VitC: 200 mg; VitE: 400 IU; VitB6: 25 mg; Folic Acid: 400 ug; VitB12: 400 ug) + placebo, (3) N3 (2 g N3, 760 mg EPA, 440 mg DHA)+placebo, or (4) MVit + N3 for 12 weeks. At follow-up, we observed significant reductions in HCY (umol/L) for the MVit (- 1.43, 95 %CI, - 2.39, - 0.47) and MVit + N3 groups (- 1.01, 95 %CI, - 1.98, - 0.04) groups, both being significant (p < 0.05) vs. placebo (- 0.57, 95 %CI, - 1.49, 0.35) and N3 (1.11, 95 % CI, 0.07, 2.17). hsCRP (nmol/L) was significantly reduced in the MVit (- 6.00, 95 %CI, - 1.04, - 0.15) and MVit + N3 (- 0.98, 95 %CI, - 1.51, - 0.46) groups, but not vs. placebo (- 0.15, 95 %CI, - 0.74, 0.43) or N3 (- 0.53, 95 %CI, - 1.18, 0.12). Lastly, we observed significant reductions in TG for the N3 (- 0.41, 95 %CI, - 0.69, - 0.13) and MVit + N3 (- 0.71, 95 %CI, - 0.93, - 0.46) groups, both significant vs. placebo (- 0.10, 95 %CI, - 0.36, 0.17) and MVit groups (0.15, 95 %CI, - 12, 0.42). The co-ingestion of MVit + N3 provides synergistic affects on HCY, hsCRP, and plasma TG.

scholarly journals FRI0420 ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RED BLOOD CELLS DISTRIBUTION WIDTH AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN OSTEOARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 808.2-808
Author(s):  
N. Hammam ◽  
G. Salem ◽  
D. Fouad ◽  
S. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Lipid Panel

Background:Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease that results in patient’s morbidity and disabilities. There is strong evidence that OA is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Red cell distribution width (RDW) blood test is a measure of the variation in red blood cell volume and size. Elevated RDW has recently been found to correlate with CVD risk in patients with and without heart disease and autoimmune diseases. RDW may be a marker for factors driving CVS risk.Objectives:: To investigate whether RDW can serve as a potential parameter for indicating cardiovascular risk in OA patients.Methods:A subsample of 819 OA patients was extracted from 2003-2006 National Health & Nutrition Examination Survey in a cross-sectional study. 63.7% of them were females. Their mean age was 66.4 ± 14.1 yrs. Demographic, medical data, inflammatory markers & lipid panel were obtained. Only patients with Haemoglobin>12 mg/dl were included. Functional limitations were assessed using a physical function questionnaire.Results:Elevated levels of RDW were associated with CVD risk factors in OA patients. 532 (65.8%) OA patients had functional limitations, while 78 (9.5%) and 63 (7.6%) known to have heart attacks or stroke ever. Mean RDW was 12.9±1.1fL. There was a positive significant correlation between RDW & CVD risk factors including body mass index (r=0.17, p<0.001), C-reactive protein (r=0.29, p<0.001), serum uric acid (r=0.12, p<0.001), and functional limitation (0.16, p<0.001). No significant association between RDW & lipid panel was found. In multiple regression analysis controlling for age, sex as covariates, body mass index (β =0.02, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.03, p=0.002), C-reactive protein (β =0.35, 95%CI: 0.26, 0.45, p<0.001), and functional limitation (β =0.18, 95%CI: 0.13, 0.35, p=0.03).Conclusion:In addition to known CVD risk in OA patients, elevated RDW levels should prompt physicians to aggressively screen and treat their patients for modifiable CVS risk factors, in addition to OA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals The association of parameters of body composition and laboratory markers with the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lifang Chen ◽  
Yingbao Huang ◽  
Huajun Yu ◽  
Kehua Pan ◽  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A ◽  
Laboratory Markers ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose ◽  
Low Serum

AbstractBackgroundHypertriglyceridemia has arisen as the third leading cause of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed at exploring the association between the severity of hypertriglyceridemia-induced pancreatitis (HTGP) and computed tomography (CT)-based body composition parameters and laboratory markers.MethodsLaboratory and clinical parameters were collected from 242 patients with HTGP between 2017 and 2020. Severity of HTGP was evaluated by original or modified CT severity index. Body composition parameters such as area and radiodensity of muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue were calculated by CT at the level of third lumbar vertebra. Parameters were compared between mild and moderately severe to severe HTGP. Uni-variate and multi-variate Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the risk factors of the severity of HTGP.ResultsSeventy patients (28.9%) presented with mild HTGP. Body mass index, waist circumference and all CT-based body composition parameters differed between male and female patients. None was associated with the severity of HTGP, neither in males nor in females. Receiver operating characteristic curves showed that areas under the curves of apolipoprotein A-I and albumin to predict the severity of HTGP were 0.786 and 0.759, respectively (allP < 0.001). Uni-variate and further multi-variate Logistic regression analysis confirmed that low serum albumin (< 35 g/L,P = 0.004, OR = 3.362, 95%CI = 1.492–8.823) and apolipoprotein A-I (< 1.1 g/L,P < 0.001, OR = 5.126, 95%CI = 2.348–11.195), as well as high C-reactive protein (> 90 mg/L,P = 0.005, OR = 3.061, 95%CI = 1.407–6.659) and lipase (P = 0.033, OR = 2.283, 95%CI = 1.070–4.873) were risk factors of moderately severe to severe HTGP. Levels of albumin, apolipoprotein A-I, C-reactive protein and lipase were also associated with the length of hospital stay (allP < 0.05). Besides, low serum albumin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and high radiodensity of subcutaneous adipose tissue were significant risk factors of pancreatic necrosis in patients with HTGP (allP < 0.05).ConclusionsLow serum albumin and apolipoprotein A-I, and high C-reactive protein and lipase upon admission were associated with a more severe type of HTGP and longer hospital stay for these patients. Albumin and apolipoprotein A-I may serve as novel biomarkers for the severity of HTGP. However, none of the body composition parameters was associated with the severity of HTGP.

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