scholarly journals Emergence of the Delta Variant and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in secondary school students and staff: prospective surveillance in 18 schools, England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamez N. Ladhani ◽  
Georgina Ireland ◽  
Frances Baawuah ◽  
Joanne Beckmann ◽  
Ifeanyichukwu O Okike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
School Students ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Community Infection

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe role of educational settings on SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission remains controversial. We investigated SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroprevalence and seroconversions rates in secondary schools during the 2020/21 academic year, which included the emergence of the more transmissible Alpha and Delta variants, in England.MethodsThe UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) initiated prospective surveillance in 18 urban English secondary schools. Participants had nasal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and blood sampling for SARS-CoV-2 Nucleoprotein and Spike protein antibodies at the start (Round 1: September-October 2020) and end (Round 2: December 2021) of the autumn term, when schools reopened after national lockdown was imposed in January 2021 (Round 3: March-April) and end of the academic year (Round 4: May-July).FindingsWe enrolled 2,314 participants (1277 students, 1037 staff). In-school testing identified 31 PCR-positive participants (20 students, 11 staff). Another 247 confirmed cases (112 students, 135 staff) were identified after linkage with national surveillance data, giving an overall positivity rate of 12.0% (278/2313; staff [14.1%, 146/1037] vs students [10.3%, 132/1276; p=0.006). Nucleoprotein-antibody seroprevalence increased for students and staff between Rounds 1-3 but changed little in Round 4, when the Delta variant was the dominant circulating strain. Overall, Nucleoprotein-antibody seroconversion was 18.4% (137/744) in staff and 18.8% (146/778) in students, while Spike-antibody seroconversion was higher in staff (72.8% (525/721) than students (21.3%, 163/764) because of vaccination.InterpretationSARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in secondary schools remained low when community infection rates were low because of national lockdown, even after the emergence of the Delta variantFundingDHSC

scholarly journals Role of Educational Mediain Promoting the Values of Citizenship Among Students of Secondary Schoolsin Zarqa Education Directorate II from View point of Their Teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Khitam N. Radwan ◽  
Mohammad S. Al-Zboon ◽  
Malik S. AlZboon
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
View Point ◽  
Educational Media ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Female Teachers ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Academic Year

This study aimed at defining the role of educational media in promoting the values of citizenship among students of secondary schools in Zarqa Education Directorate II from viewpoint of their teachers.The study used a descriptive approach. A questionnaire was developed, consisting of 30 paragraphs, which evaluated the role of educational media in promoting the values of citizenship among students of secondary schoolsin Zarqa Education Directorate II from viewpoint of their teachers. The validity and reliability of the study's tool have been verified. The sample of the study consisted of the schools' teachers of Zarqa Education Directorate II.They were 250 male and female teachers for the academic year 2016-2017 selected from among the schools of Zarqa Education Directorate II.The results of the study were as follows:-          The role of educational media in promoting the values of citizenship among the students of secondary schools in Zarqa Education Directorate II from the viewpoint of their teachers.-          In favor of females, there were statistically significance differences in the role of educational media in promoting the values of citizenship among the students of secondary schools from the viewpoint of their teachers due to gender variable.-          In favor of females, there were statistically significant differences in promoting of the values of citizenship among students of secondary schools in Zarqa Education Directorate II from the viewpoint of their teachers attributed to specialization variable.-          There were no statistically significant differences due to experience variable.The study recommended achieving the goal of education through the institutions of the Ministry of Education by educational media, and activating the role of educational media to develop the values of citizenship among the students of secondary schools.

scholarly journals The Role of Media Education in Building the Concept of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-213
Author(s):  
ميرفت رشاد ابراهيم محمد
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Media Education ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Questionnaire Form

The reality of media education in secondary schools from the perspective of teachers in Qatar. The research significance focused on study the importance of the role of media education in building the concept and responsibilities of sustainable development among school students. The descriptive analytical approach was used to analyze and develop concepts and foundations in order to stand on the ground on the reality of media education and its impact on students in sustainable development. The study sample consisted of (100) teachers and teachers from secondary schools, which were divided by (50) teachers from secondary schools for boys and (50) female school teachers, who were selected in a simple random way. Using the questionnaire form to collect information for the specific sample. The results of the study showed that: 85% of the research sample agreed that media education helps students to form their personality. 39% of the sample agreed that media education is effective and has prominent activities in secondary schools. And 58% of the research sample agree that there is an activation of the means of technology in media education in secondary schools. And 32% of the sample believe that there are many media education activities in secondary schools

scholarly journals Investigating Speaking Skill's Problems and Difficulties that Encounter Secondary Schools' Students in Riyadh City

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelraziq Abdelghani Mahil Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
English Text ◽  
Classroom Communication ◽  
School Students ◽  
Riyadh City ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Speaking Skill ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Speaking Skills

This study aimed at investigating the Speaking Skill's Problems and Difficulties that Encounter Secondary Schools' Students in Saudi Arabia in Riyadh City. The scope of the study was in the area of the applied linguistics. The objectives of this study were: to investigate the difficulties and the problems that face secondary school students in speaking English, to draw teachers' attention to the importance of speaking skills, to encourage speaking skill among the students, and to offer recommendations that might help teachers and students to overcome and reduce these speaking problems and difficulties. The study has adopted the descriptive analytical method. The sample of the study consisted of (20) male teachers in Riyadh city in the second semester of the academic year 1437 / 1438 H. A questionnaire was designed as a tool to collect the data. The study used a recent statistical package to analyze the data. The results indicated Saud secondary schools students face problems and difficulties in speaking skill. To conclude, the researcher gives the following recommendations: English text books should be well prepared to motivate and encourage students to speak the language and they should be given enough time to practice speaking skills, schools should be provided with language labs or at least with some educational techniques, so as to introduce classroom communication activities in good and interesting manners, and teachers should offer extra speaking skill activities in order to enable students to speak fluently.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF MEDIA LITERACY AND TEACHING METHODS IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS OF LATGALE

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Inga Kaļva-Miņina ◽  
Sandra Murinska
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Media Literacy ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
School Students ◽  
Literacy Activities

The article analyzes how students and teachers value media literacy and its activities, and which are the most appropriate methods and study subjects for implementing media literacy in schools. Based on the results of a survey of secondary school students and teachers, the role of media literacy in education is evaluated and solutions for media literacy activities introduced in schools are provided.The results of the survey show that students and teachers seem to be interested in the topic of media literacy, and although there is enough information, there are certain topics on which they would like to talk / learn more. Respondents also emphasize the essential role of practical activities in mastering the topic of media literacy.

scholarly journals Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant, infection rates, antibody seroconversion and seroprevalence rates in secondary school students and staff: active prospective surveillance, December 2020 to March 2021, England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamez N Ladhani ◽  
Georgina Ireland ◽  
Frances Baawuah ◽  
Joanne Beckmann ◽  
Ifeanyichukwu O Okike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Rapid Spread ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prior Infection

Background In England, the rapid spread of the SARS-Cov-2 Alpha (B.1.1.7) variant from November 2020 led to national lockdown, including school closures in January 2021. We assessed SARS-CoV-2 infection, seroprevalence and seroconversion in students and staff when secondary schools reopened in March 2021. Methods Public Health England initiated SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in 18 secondary schools across six regions in September 2020. Participants provided nasal swabs for RT-PCR and blood samples for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at the beginning (September 2020) and end (December 2020) of the autumn term and at the start of the spring term (March 2021). Findings In March 2021, 1895 participants (1100 students, 795 staff) were tested; 5.6% (61/1094) students and 4.4% (35/792) staff had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 2020 and March 2021. Nucleoprotein antibody seroprevalence was 36.3% (370/1018) in students and 31.9% (245/769) in staff, while spike protein antibody prevalence was 39.5% (402/1018) and 59.8% (459/769), respectively, similar to regional community seroprevalence. Between December 2020 and March 2021 (median 15.9 weeks), 14.8% (97/656; 95% CI: 12.2-17.7) students and 10.0% (59/590; 95% CI: 7.7-12.7) staff seroconverted. Weekly seroconversion rates were similar from September to December 2020 (8.0/1000) and from December 2020 to March 2021 (7.9/1000; students: 9.3/1,000; staff: 6.3/1,000). Interpretation By March 2021, a third of secondary school students and staff had serological evidence of prior infection based on N-antibody seropositivity, and an additional third of staff had evidence of vaccine-induced immunity based on S-antibody seropositivity. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of the Delta variant.

Role of Co-curricular activities creating qualities of leadership among Secondary Schools Students in Ex FATA

2020 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ashfaq ◽  
Adeel Ahmed Khan ◽  
Nasir Ahmed Khaskheli
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Sport Team ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Frontier Region ◽  
Leadership Experience ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
Tribal Areas

The study was designed to evaluate the role of co-curricular activities (CCA) creating qualities of leadership among   secondary schools students in F.R Kohat (Sub Division Dara) ex Federally Administrative Tribal Areas (FATA). The function of this study was to discover the leadership ability in students   consider they learned through sports and  co-curricular activities and  to validate how those skill are used in the institute  to resolve whether those skills enhance the leadership experience of students. The results of this study provide information which can assist learner dealings partakers who are looking for conduct to help learner make the correlation linking the co-curricular and curricular leadership experience.  A sample size of 200 subjects was chosen from 10 high schools in the Frontier Region Kohat   on the root of opportunity sampling method. A questionnaire of five points Likert Scale after in quest of due authorization from Principals and Head Masters was used to reach to the in detail of the observable fact. Numerical techniques Mean, Percentage and Standard Deviation were run to examine the composed data. The investigator analyzes the connection between co-curricular involvement and its positive role creating qualities of leadership among secondary school students.  Research also reveals that CCA create self confidence among students and makes students more popular. Culmination from this study endow with confirmation of the worth of co-curricular leadership training and its contact on curricular experience. Finally it was concluded that many students who were engaged in sports and co-curricular activities also reported being engaged in leadership positions within their team, club, or organization serving in lead roles such as, captain of a sport team. It was also came in knowledge that those students who participated in these activities are bold and they are ready to face any type of challenge in future. It is further added that current prime minister of Pakistan Imran Khan was a sportsman and also leaded Pakistan’s cricket team and won world cricket cup in 1992.

scholarly journals The Role of Media Education in Building the Concept of Sustainable Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (17) ◽  
pp. 77-108
Author(s):  
Mervat Rashad Ibrahim Muhammad Farrag ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Media Education ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
School Students ◽  
Questionnaire Form

The reality of media education in secondary schools from the perspective of teachers in Qatar. The research significance focused on study the importance of the role of media education in building the concept and responsibilities of sustainable development among school students. The descriptive analytical approach was used to analyze and develop concepts and foundations in order to stand on the ground on the reality of media education and its impact on students in sustainable development. The study sample consisted of (100) teachers and teachers from secondary schools, which were divided by (50) teachers from secondary schools for boys and (50) female school teachers, who were selected in a simple random way. Using the questionnaire form to collect information for the specific sample. The results of the study showed that: 85% of the research sample agreed that media education helps students to form their personality. 39% of the sample agreed that media education is effective and has prominent activities in secondary schools. And 58% of the research sample agree that there is an activation of the means of technology in media education in secondary schools. And 32% of the sample believe that there are many media education activities in secondary schools.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 against SARS-CoV-2 household transmission - a prospective cohort study in England

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Clifford ◽  
Pauline Waight ◽  
Jada Hackman ◽  
Stephane Hue ◽  
Charlotte M Gower ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Credible Interval ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Global Circulation ◽  
Household Transmission ◽  
Nasal Swabs ◽  
Vaccination History ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Protection Against Infection ◽  
Bayesian Logistic Regression ◽  
Index Cases

Background: The ability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to protect against infection and onward transmission determines whether immunisation can control global circulation. We estimated effectiveness of BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 vaccines against acquisition and transmission of the Alpha and Delta variants in a prospective household study in England. Methods: Adult index cases in the community and their household contacts took oral-nasal swabs on days 1, 3 and 7 after enrolment. Swabs were tested by RT-qPCR with genomic sequencing conducted on a subset. We used Bayesian logistic regression to infer vaccine effectiveness against acquisition and transmission, adjusted for age, vaccination history and variant. Findings: Between 2 February 2021 and 10 September 2021 213 index cases and 312 contacts were followed up. After excluding households lacking genomic proximity (N=2) or with unlikely serial intervals (N=16), 195 households with 278 contacts remained of whom 113 (41%) became PCR positive. Delta lineages had 1.64 times the risk (95% Credible Interval: 1.15-2.44) of transmission than Alpha; contacts older than 18 years were 1.19 times (1.04-1.52) more likely to acquire infection than children. Effectiveness of two doses of BNT162b2 against transmission of Delta was 31% (-3%, 61%) and 42% (14%, 69%) for ChAdOx1, similar to their effectiveness for Alpha. Protection against infection with Alpha was higher than for Delta, 71% (12%,95%) vs 24% (-2%, 64%) respectively for BNT162b2 and 26% (-39%, 73%) vs 14% (-5%, 46%) respectively for ChAdOx1. Interpretation: BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 reduce transmission of the Delta variant from breakthrough infections in the household setting though their protection against infection is low. Funding: This study was funded by the UK Health Security Agency (formerly Public Health England) as part of the COVID-19 response.

scholarly journals Comparing Emotional Intelligence and Self-esteem in Secondary School Students of Punjab

2019 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 63-80
Author(s):  
Nazir Haider Shah ◽  
Nadia Nazir ◽  
Shazia Zamir ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Family Income ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
School Students ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was intended to explore the correlation between emotional intelligence and self-esteem of students studying in the secondary schools of Pakistan. The study explored the role of various demographic variations among students such as gender, grade and family’s socioeconomic status in defining their levels of self-esteem and emotional intelligence. The study used the Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) and Self-esteem Questionnaire (SEQ) to measure emotional intelligence and self-esteem, respectively. Using multistage random sampling technique, 300 students studying at various secondary schools located in four districts of Punjab including Rawalpindi, Sargodha, Attock and Mianwali were selected. The findings revealed that there is a strong and positive correlation between self-esteem and emotional intelligence. The results of t-test revealed that there is a significant difference between emotional intelligence and self-esteem scores of boys and girls. Similarly, ANOVA results also showed differences in scores of emotional intelligence and self-esteem with respect to grades and family income. The findings of this research are beneficial for school teachers, psychologists, counsellors and school administrators and highlight the need of preparing the psychological profile of students. Both self-esteem and emotional intelligence are deemed crucial for learning and personality building of young adolescents. Therefore, policy makers, school administration, parents and teachers must expend collective efforts to create a healthy social and psychological capital for Pakistan.

The future of career education in New Zealand secondary schools: A review of the literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Yates ◽  
Megan Bruce
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Career Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Whole School ◽  
The Future ◽  
Whole School Approach

Traditionally career education in New Zealand secondary schools has been provided by a dedicated career advisor, but the effectiveness of this model is increasingly being questioned. This review examined approaches to career education in order to recommend a more appropriate model for the future. A review of 14 articles revealed that career education is increasingly important for secondary school students and that advantages exist in an integrated whole-school approach. The authors argue that such an approach is desirable, but acknowledge the issues to be addressed to ensure success. These include professional development for career advisors, principals and teachers, changing entrenched attitudes, reimagining the role of the career advisor and providing increased resourcing. While this review is focussed on New Zealand, it is apparent that other countries are grappling, similarly, with the issue of career education for secondary school students.

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