scholarly journals Bacteria associated with jellyfish during bloom and post-bloom periods

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Kos Kramar ◽  
Tinkara Tinta ◽  
Davor Lučić ◽  
Alenka Malej ◽  
Valentina Turk
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Population Peak ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Jellyfish Population

AbstractThis study is the first to investigate bacterial community associated with live medusaAurelia sp. in the Gulf of Trieste (northern Adriatic Sea) using both culture independent and culture-based methods. We have analysed bacterial community composition of different body parts of medusa: exumbrella surface, oral arms (‘outer’ body parts) and of gastric cavity (‘inner’ body part) and investigated possible differences in medusa associated bacterial community structure at the time of jellyfish population peak and during senescent phase at the end of bloom, when jellyfish start to decay. Based on 16S rRNA clone libraries and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis, we demonstrated significant difference between bacterial community associated withAureliaand the ambient seawater bacterial assemblage. Comparing bacterial community composition between differentAureliamedusa body parts, communities differed significantly, especially the one within the gastral cavity. The pronounced difference is dominance ofBetaproteobacteria(Burkholderia, CupriavidusandAchromobacter) in gastral cavity of medusa andAlpha- (Phaeobacter, Ruegeria) andGamma-proteobacteria(Stenotrophomonas, Alteromonas, PseudoalteromonasandVibrio) on ‘outer’ body parts. This suggests that body-part specific bacterial association might have an important functional roles for the host. The results of bacterial isolates showed the dominance ofGammaproeteobacteria, especiallyVibrioandPseudoalteromonasin all body parts. Finally, comparison of medusa associated bacterial community structure, at the time of jellyfish population peak and during senescent phase at the end of bloom showed increased abundance ofGammaproteobacteria, especiallyVibrio. Our results suggest members ofVibriogroup are possible commensal opportunistic visitors, later becoming consumer of moribund jellyfish biomass and that the structure of jellyfish bacterial community might be affected by anthropogenic pollution in the marine environment.

scholarly journals Significant Differences in the Gut Bacterial Communities of Hooded Crane (Grus monacha) in Different Seasons at a Stopover Site on the Flyway

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengling Zhang ◽  
Xingjia Xiang ◽  
Yuanqiu Dong ◽  
Shaofei Yan ◽  
Yunwei Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Stopover Site ◽  
Intestinal Bacterial Community ◽  
Hooded Crane ◽  
Grus Monacha

Intestinal bacterial communities form an integral component of the organism. Many factors influence gut bacterial community composition and diversity, including diet, environment and seasonality. During seasonal migration, birds use many habitats and food resources, which may influence their intestinal bacterial community structure. Hooded crane (Grus monacha) is a migrant waterbird that traverses long distances and occupies varied habitats. In this study, we investigated the diversity and differences in intestinal bacterial communities of hooded cranes over the migratory seasons. Fecal samples from hooded cranes were collected at a stopover site in two seasons (spring and fall) in Lindian, China, and at a wintering ground in Shengjin Lake, China. We analyzed bacterial communities from the fecal samples using high throughput sequencing (Illumina Mi-seq). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Tenericutes, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteria were the dominant phyla across all samples. The intestinal bacterial alpha-diversity of hooded cranes in winter was significantly higher than in fall and spring. The bacterial community composition significantly differed across the three seasons (ANOSIM, P = 0.001), suggesting that seasonal fluctuations may regulate the gut bacterial community composition of migratory birds. This study provides baseline information on the seasonal dynamics of intestinal bacterial community structure in migratory hooded cranes.

scholarly journals Gut bacterial communities across 12 Ensifera (Orthoptera) at different feeding habits and its prediction for the insect with contrasting feeding habits

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0250675
Author(s):  
Xiang Zheng ◽  
Qidi Zhu ◽  
Zhijun Zhou ◽  
Fangtong Wu ◽  
Lixuan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Insect Gut

Insect microbial symbioses play a critical role in insect lifecycle, and insect gut microbiome could be influenced by many factors. Studies have shown that host diet and taxonomy have a strong influence on insect gut microbial community. In this study, we performed sequencing of V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene to compare the composition and diversity of 12 Ensifera from 6 provinces of China. Moreover, the influences of feeding habits and taxonomic status of insects on their gut bacterial community were evaluated, which might provide reference for further application research. The results showed that Proteobacteria (45.66%), Firmicutes (34.25%) and Cyanobacteria (7.7%) were the predominant bacterial phyla in Ensifera. Moreover, the gut bacterial community composition of samples with different feeding habits was significantly different, which was irrespective of their taxa. The highest diversity of gut bacteria was found in the omnivorous Ensifera. Furthermore, common and unique bacteria with biomarkers were found based on the dietary characteristics of the samples. However, the bacterial community structure of the Ensifera samples was significantly different from that of Caelifera. Therefore, we concluded that feeding habits and taxonomic status jointly affect the gut bacterial community composition of the samples from Orthoptera. However, the influence of feeding habit dominates when taxonomy category below the suborder level. In addition, the dominant, common and unique bacterial community structure could be used to predict the contrastic feeding habits of insects belonging to Ensifera.

scholarly journals Effect of Sheep Urine Deposition on the Bacterial Community Structure in an Acidic Upland Grassland Soil

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 7231-7237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre Rooney ◽  
Nabla Kennedy ◽  
Louise Deering ◽  
Deirdre Gleeson ◽  
Nicholas Clipson
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Sheep Urine

ABSTRACT The effect of the addition of synthetic sheep urine (SSU) and plant species on the bacterial community composition of upland acidic grasslands was studied using a microcosm approach. Low, medium, and high concentrations of SSU were applied to pots containing plant species typical of both unimproved (Agrostis capillaris) and agriculturally improved (Lolium perenne) grasslands, and harvests were carried out 10 days and 50 days after the addition of SSU. SSU application significantly increased both soil pH (P < 0.005), with pH values ranging from pH 5.4 (zero SSU) to pH 6.4 (high SSU), and microbial activity (P < 0.005), with treatment with medium and high levels of SSU displaying significantly higher microbial activity (triphenylformazan dehydrogenase activity) than treatment of soil with zero or low concentrations of SSU. Microbial biomass, however, was not significantly altered by any of the SSU applications. Plant species alone had no effect on microbial biomass or activity. Bacterial community structure was profiled using bacterial automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis. Multidimensional scaling plots indicated that applications of high concentrations of SSU significantly altered the bacterial community composition in the presence of plant species but at different times: 10 days after application of high concentrations of SSU, the bacterial community composition of L. perenne-planted soils differed significantly from those of any other soils, whereas in the case of A. capillaris-planted soils, the bacterial community composition was different 50 days after treatment with high concentrations of SSU. Canonical correspondence analysis also highlighted the importance of interactions between SSU addition, plant species, and time in the bacterial community structure. This study has shown that the response of plants and bacterial communities to sheep urine deposition in grasslands is dependent on both the grass species present and the concentration of SSU applied, which may have important ecological consequences for agricultural grasslands.

scholarly journals Mercury and Other Heavy Metals Influence Bacterial Community Structure in Contaminated Tennessee Streams

2010 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Vishnivetskaya ◽  
Jennifer J. Mosher ◽  
Anthony V. Palumbo ◽  
Zamin K. Yang ◽  
Mircea Podar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Inorganic Mercury ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Oak Ridge

ABSTRACTHigh concentrations of uranium, inorganic mercury [Hg(II)], and methylmercury (MeHg) have been detected in streams located in the Department of Energy reservation in Oak Ridge, TN. To determine the potential effects of the surface water contamination on the microbial community composition, surface stream sediments were collected 7 times during the year, from 5 contaminated locations and 1 control stream. Fifty-nine samples were analyzed for bacterial community composition and geochemistry. Community characterization was based on GS 454 FLX pyrosequencing with 235 Mb of 16S rRNA gene sequence targeting the V4 region. Sorting and filtering of the raw reads resulted in 588,699 high-quality sequences with lengths of >200 bp. The bacterial community consisted of 23 phyla, includingProteobacteria(ranging from 22.9 to 58.5% per sample),Cyanobacteria(0.2 to 32.0%),Acidobacteria(1.6 to 30.6%),Verrucomicrobia(3.4 to 31.0%), and unclassified bacteria. Redundancy analysis indicated no significant differences in the bacterial community structure between midchannel and near-bank samples. Significant correlations were found between the bacterial community and seasonal as well as geochemical factors. Furthermore, several community members within theProteobacteriagroup that includes sulfate-reducing bacteria and within theVerrucomicrobiagroup appeared to be associated positively with Hg and MeHg. This study is the first to indicate an influence of MeHg on thein situmicrobial community and suggests possible roles of these bacteria in the Hg/MeHg cycle.

scholarly journals Divergence in Gut Bacterial Community Among Life Stages of the Rainbow Stag Beetle Phalacrognathus muelleri (Coleptera: Lucanidae)

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Miaomiao Wang ◽  
Xingjia Xiang ◽  
Xia Wan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Early Instar

Although stag beetles are popular saprophytic insects, there are few studies about their gut bacterial community. This study focused on the gut bacterial community structure of the rainbow stag beetle (i.e., Phalacrognathus muelleri) in its larvae (three instars) and adult stages, using high throughput sequencing (Illumina Miseq). Our aim was to compare the gut bacterial community structure among different life stages. The results revealed that bacterial alpha diversity increased from the 1st instar to the 3rd instar larvae. Adults showed the lowest gut bacterial alpha diversity. Bacterial community composition was significantly different between larvae and adults (p = 0.001), and 1st instar larvae (early instar) had significant differences with the 2nd (p= 0.007) and 3rd (p = 0.001) instar larvae (final instar). However, there was little difference in the bacterial community composition between the 2nd and 3rd instar larvae (p = 0.059). Our study demonstrated dramatic shifts in gut bacterial community structure between larvae and adults. Larvae fed on decaying wood and adults fed on beetle jelly, suggesting that diet is a crucial factor shaping the gut bacterial community structure. There were significant differences in bacterial community structure between early instar and final instars larvae, suggesting that certain life stages are associated with a defined gut bacterial community.

scholarly journals Comparison of Community and Function of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium (DNRA) Bacteria in Chinese Shallow Lakes with Different Eutrophication Degrees

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Chunlei Song ◽  
Zijun Zhou ◽  
Jian Xiao ◽  
Siyang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Shallow Lakes ◽  
Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Lake Chaohu ◽  
Lake Ecosystems ◽  
Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction ◽  
Significant Difference

Dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) plays an important role in controlling nitrogen (N) loading in lake ecosystems. However, studies on the linkage between DNRA bacterial community structure and lake eutrophication remain unclear. We examined the community and abundance of DNRA bacteria at six basins of four shallow lakes with different degrees of eutrophication in China. Measurements of the different forms of N and phosphorus (P) in the water column and interstitial water as well as total organic carbon (TOC) and sulfide in the sediments in summer (July 2016) were performed. The nutritional status of Lake Chaohu was more serious than that of the lakes in Wuhan, including Lake Qingling, Lake Houguan, and Lake Zhiyin by comparing geochemical and physical parameters. We found a higher abundance of the nrfA gene, which is a function gene of DNRA bacteria in sediments with higher contents of TOC and sulfide. Moreover, nitrate was a significant factor influencing the DNRA bacterial community structure. A significant difference of the DNRA bacterial community structure between Lake Chaohu and the lakes in Wuhan was discovered. Furthermore, DNRA bacterial abundance and community positively correlated with NH4+ and Chl a concentrations in Lake Chaohu, in which a percent abundance of dominant populations varied along eutrophication gradients. Overall, the abundance and community structure of the DNRA bacteria might be important regulators of eutrophication and cyanobacteria bloom in Lake Chaohu.

scholarly journals Leaf and Root Litter Species Identity Influences Bacterial Community Composition in Short-Term Litter Decomposition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Lu ◽  
Kun Li ◽  
Ruiqiang Ni ◽  
Rongchu Han ◽  
Chuanrong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fine Roots ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Fine Root ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Litter Type ◽  
Opposite Result ◽  
Root Litter

Abstract Background: Microorganisms play a crucial role in litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. However, it remains unclear, which effects of leaf litter and root species on bacterial community composition and diversity after one year's decomposition. Methods: The leaf and fine roots litters of Robinia pseudoacacia , Quercus acutissima , Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus densiflora , which are the dominant afforestation species in Mount Tai, were analysed using the Nylon litterbag method and Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing for the amplification of bacterial 16S rRNA V4-V5. We measured the remaining litter mass and the bacterial community composition and assessed the effects of leaf and root litter species on the bacterial community after one-year decomposition periods.Results: (1) The remaining masses of leaf and fine roots litters of the four plant species were significantly influenced by organ type and species. The remaining mass of fine root litter was smaller than that of leaf litter for broad-leaved species, and the opposite result was found for coniferous species. (2) The observed species Chao1 and phylogenetic diversity values were significantly lower for leaf litters than for fine root litter. The community richness index was positively correlated with the C content, C:N and lignin content and negatively correlated with N:P, N content and P content. The bacterial community structure differed significantly among leaf and root litter decomposition for the four species ( p <0.05). The bacterial community structure in leaf litter was most highly correlated with the initial N content and N:P. The bacterial community structure in fine roots was most highly correlated with the lignin content. (3) The bacterial phyla Bacteroidetes , Acidobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes were significantly affected by litter and species type, and the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Chloroflexi were only affected by litter type. The relative abundances of Acidobacteria , Firmicutes and Chloroflexi in fine root litter were higher than those in leaf litter, while the opposite result was found for Bacteroidetes . The bacterial genera Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia , Sphingomonas and Mucilaginibacter were affected by litter type ( p <0.05). The relative abundance of Burkholderia-Paraburkholderia in fine root litter was higher than that in leaf litter, while the opposite result was found for Bradyrhizobium , Sphingomonas and Mucilaginibacter . Pearson correlation analysis showed that the average relative abundance of the dominant phyla and genera was affected by the initial litter properties, especially for Bacteroides , Acidobacteria , Burkholderia , and Sphingomonas . Conclusions: Litter type, interaction between litter type and species were important than species in shaping the bacterial diversity and community composition in decomposing litter. And this were affected by initial chemical properties of the litter.

scholarly journals 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based metagenomic analysis of bacterial communities in the rhizospheres of selected mangrove species from Mida Creek and Gazi Bay, Kenya

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248485
Author(s):  
Edith M. Muwawa ◽  
Chinedu C. Obieze ◽  
Huxley M. Makonde ◽  
Joyce M. Jefwa ◽  
James H. P. Kahindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Gazi Bay

Prokaryotic communities play key roles in biogeochemical transformation and cycling of nutrients in the productive mangrove ecosystem. In this study, the vertical distribution of rhizosphere bacteria was evaluated by profiling the bacterial diversity and community structure in the rhizospheres of four mangrove species (Sonneratia alba, Rhizophora mucronata, Ceriops tagal and Avicennia marina) from Mida Creek and Gazi Bay, Kenya, using DNA-metabarcoding. Alpha diversity was not significantly different between sites, but, significantly higher in the rhizospheres of S. alba and R. mucronata in Gazi Bay than in Mida Creek. Chemical parameters of the mangrove sediments significantly correlated inversely with alpha diversity metrics. The bacterial community structure was significantly differentiated by geographical location, mangrove species and sampling depth, however, differences in mangrove species and sediment chemical parameters explained more the variation in bacterial community structure. Proteobacteria (mainly Deltaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria) was the dominant phylum while the families Desulfobacteraceae, Pirellulaceae and Syntrophobacteraceae were dominant in both study sites and across all mangrove species. Constrained redundancy analysis indicated that calcium, potassium, magnesium, electrical conductivity, pH, nitrogen, sodium, carbon and salinity contributed significantly to the species–environment relationship. Predicted functional profiling using PICRUSt2 revealed that pathways for sulfur and carbon metabolism were significantly enriched in Gazi Bay than Mida Creek. Overall, the results indicate that bacterial community composition and their potential function are influenced by mangrove species and a fluctuating influx of nutrients in the mangrove ecosystems of Gazi Bay and Mida Creek.

scholarly journals Divergent Patterns of Bacterial Community Structure and Function in Response to Estuarine Output in the Middle of the Bohai Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixia Wang ◽  
Haikun Zhang ◽  
Pengyuan Liu ◽  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Yanyu Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Bacterial Community Structure ◽  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Nucleotide Metabolism ◽  
The Yellow Sea ◽  
The Bohai Sea

Understanding environment-community relationships under shifting environmental conditions helps uncover mechanisms by which environmental microbial communities manage to improve ecosystem functioning. This study investigated the microbial community and structure near the Yellow Sea River estuary in 12 stations across the middle of the Bohai Sea for over two seasons to elucidate the influence of estuarine output on them. We found that the dominant phyla in all stations were Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, and Planctomycetes. Alpha-diversity increased near the estuary and bacterial community structure differed with variation of spatiotemporal gradients. Among all the environmental factors surveyed, temperature, salinity, phosphate, silicon, nitrate, and total virioplankton abundance played crucial roles in controlling the bacterial community composition. Some inferred that community functions such as carbohydrate, lipid, amino acid metabolism, xenobiotics biodegradation, membrane transport, and environmental adaptation were much higher in winter; energy and nucleotide metabolism were lower in winter. Our results suggested that estuarine output had a great influence on the Bohai Sea environment and changes in the water environmental conditions caused by estuarine output developed distinctive microbial communities in the middle of the Bohai Sea. The distinctive microbial communities in winter demonstrated that the shifting water environment may stimulate changes in the diversity and then strengthen the predicted functions.

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