scholarly journals You’d better decide first: overt and covert decisions improve metacognitive accuracy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Siedlecka ◽  
Zuzanna Skóra ◽  
Borysław Paulewicz ◽  
Michał Wierzchoń
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Rating ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Present Experiment ◽  
Motor Response ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Overt Response ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
Anagram Task ◽  
Metacognitive Accuracy

AbstractHow can we assess the accuracy of our decisions? Recent theoretical and empirical work suggest that confidence in one’s decision is influenced by the characteristics of motor response in a preceding decisional task. In this paper we present experiment designed to test whether decision itself can also inform confidence and therefore increase its accuracy. We tested 143 participants who solved an anagram-solving task in one of 3 conditions: participants either rated their confidence immediately after responding to the anagram task (overt decision), rated their confidence immediately after making a decision but without overt response (covered decision), or rated their confidence before both deciding and responding. The results showed significant relationship between decision accuracy and confidence level in each condition, however this relation was stronger when confidence rating followed decision, either covert or overt. We argue that completing a decisionmaking process increases metacognitive accuracy.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Activeness Participating in Scout Extracurricular Activities With Student Discipline at SMP 5 Pariaman

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Vivi Sri Kurniati ◽  
Jalius Jalius
Keyword(s):  
Extracurricular Activities ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Student Discipline ◽  
Extracurricular Activity ◽  
Student Activity ◽  
Product Moments ◽  
The Relationship

The problem discussed in this study is the low disciplinary attitude of students in scouting at SMP 5 Pariaman. While the objectives to be achieved in this research are to determine if there is was a relationship between activity following extracurricular activity with students’ discipline at SMP 5 Pariaman. The type of this research is correlational, namely looking at the relationship between activities participating in scout extracurricular activity with students’  discipline at SMP 5 Pariaman. The population in this study was taken all students who participated in scout extracurricular activities at SMP 5 Pariaman,  totaling 40 people. The sample of this research was 30 people. The instrument in this study was a questionnaire using a linker scale with alternative answers: always, often, sometimes, never. Meanwhile, to measure the results of research data, descriptive formulas and product moments are used. The results showed that student activeness and student discipline in scouting were very good, and there was there is a significant relationship between activeness following scout extracurricular activities with student discipline in SMP 5 Pariaman.  Is greater than the writable is at the confidence level of 5% (0.361) and the confidence level of 1% (0.463).Keywords: scout extracurricular activities, student activity, student  discipline

scholarly journals Neural correlates of metacognition across the adult lifespan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Overhoff ◽  
Yiu Hong Ko ◽  
Daniel Feuerriegel ◽  
Gereon R. Fink ◽  
Jutta Stahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Detection ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Perceptual Task ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Metacognitive Accuracy

Metacognitive accuracy describes the degree of overlap between the subjective perception of one's decision accuracy (i.e., confidence) and objectively observed performance. With older age, the need for accurate metacognitive evaluation increases; however, error detection rates typically decrease. We investigated the effect of ageing on metacognitive accuracy using event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting error detection and confidence: the error/correct negativity (Ne/c) and the error/correct positivity (Pe/c). Sixty-five healthy adults (20 to 76 years) completed a complex perceptual task and provided confidence ratings. We found that metacognitive accuracy declined with age beyond the expected decline in task performance, while the adaptive adjustment of behaviour was well preserved. Pe/c amplitudes varied by confidence rating, but they did not mirror the reduction in metacognitive accuracy. Ne/c amplitudes decreased with age except for high confidence correct responses. The results suggest that age-related difficulties in metacognitive evaluation could be related to an impaired integration of decision accuracy and confidence information processing. Ultimately, training the metacognitive evaluation of fundamental decisions in older adults might constitute a promising endeavour.

scholarly journals Analisis pengaruh konsumsi, investasi dan tenaga kerja terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Provinsi Jambi

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-120
Author(s):  
Sri Sarmita Dewi ◽  
Erfit Erfit ◽  
Siti Aminah
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Theory ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Free Variable ◽  
Domestic Consumption ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Growth Hypothesis

This research aims to find out how influence from free variable (household consumption, investment and labor) to the dependent variable (economic growth). Hypothesis testing the influence of household consumption, investment,and labor there is a significant relationship to economic growth in the province of jambi, this is adjusted to economic theory that economic growth will be explained by investment then this can be proven by using the F-test (collectively) and t-test (partially) with a 95% confidence level or significance level (α = 0.05). The result from data processing that: 1) The variable of domestic consumption had positive effect and significant to economic growth; 2) The variable of investment has positive effect and significant to economic growth; 3) The variable of labor had positifve effect and significant to economic growth Keywords: Economic Growth, Household Consumption, Investment, Labor.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pelaksanaan Prinsip-Prinsip Good Governance Terhadap Kinerja Pelayanan Publik Pada Badan Pertahanan Nasional (BPN) Kota Ambon

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Aty Uar
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Research Instrument ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The City

The purpose of this study to determine the effect of the implementation of the principles of good governance on the performance of public services at the National Land Agency (BPN) Ambon City. This research method is quantitative secera correlation with the intent to seek the influence of the independent variable (X) to the dependent variable (Y). The research instrument used consisted of questionnaires, observations, review of documents. Analysis showed that the implementation of the principles of good governance which has a high correlation of 0.77 and significant at the 95% confidence level (0.05) with the performance of public services at BPN Ambon City. This means that the hypothesis was formulated that there is a significant relationship between the implementation of the principles of good governance with the performance of public services in the city of Ambon BPN verified.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelaksanaan prinsip-prinsip good governance terhadap kinerja pelayanan publik pada Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN)  Kota Ambon. Metode penelitian ini yaitu kuantitatif secera korelasional dengan maksud untuk mencari pengaruh antara variabel independent (X) dengan variabel dependent (Y). Instrumen penelitian  yang digunakan terdiri dari quesioner, observasi, telaah dokumen. Analisa  menunjukkan bahwa  pelaksanaan prinsip-prinsip good governance mempunyai hubungan yang tinggi  yakni sebesar 0,77 dan signifikan pada taraf  kepercayaan  95 % (0,05)  dengan  kinerja pelayanan publik  pada  BPN  Kota  Ambon. Ini berarti bahwa hipotesis yang dirumuskan yakni ada hubungan yang signifikan antara pelaksanaan prinsip-prinsip good governance  dengan kinerja pelayanan publik pada BPN  Kota Ambon  teruji kebenarannya.   

scholarly journals Pengetahuan Peternak tentang Good Farming Practices (GFP) Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Kasreman Kabupaten Ngawi Provinsi Jawa Timur

AGRIEKSTENSIA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Endri Cahyo Saputro ◽  
Novita Dewi Kristanti ◽  
Luki Amar Hendrawati
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farming Practices ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Farming Practice ◽  
Livestock Ownership ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Characteristic Relationship

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan karakteristik peternak dengan penerapan GFP Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Kasreman. Jumlah sampel 32 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel berupa area probability sampling. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson Product Moment dengan tingkat kepercayaan (α) 5% untuk mengetahui hubungan karakteristik peternak dengan pengetahuan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa karakteristik peternak berupa umur, pendidikan, jumlah kepemilikan ternak, intensitas penyuluhan dan kekosmopolitan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan penerapan GFP (Sig. < 0,05), dengan hubungan terkuat pada karakteristik intensitas penyuluhan (r=0,786). Sedangkan karakteristik peternak berupa lama beternak tidak memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan penerapan GFP (Sig. > 0,05).  Kata kunci     :   penerapan, Good Farming Practice (GFP), kajian, hubungan    This study aims to describe the characteristic relationship of farmers to the implementation of cattle GFP in Kasreman District. The number of samples are 32 people with sampling technique is area probability sampling. The data analysis using Pearson Product Moment with confidence level (α) 5%. Characteristics of farmers in the form of age, education, number of livestock ownership, intensity of extension and cosmopolite have a significant relationship with the implementation of GFP, with the strongest relationship on the characteristics of intensity of extension (Sig. < 0,05). While the characteristics of farmers in the form of farming experience has no significant relationship with the implementation of GFP (Sig. > 0,05).  Keywords  :   implementation, Good Farming Practice (GFP), study, relationship

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN PENGAWASAN PIMPINAN DENGAN KINERJA PEGAWAI DI BADAN KEPEGAWAIAN DAERAH PROVINSI SUMATERA BARAT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irsyad Irsyad
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Reliability Data ◽  
West Sumatra

The purpose of this study is to determine the performance of employees, supervision and leadership relations supervisory leadership with employee performance in the Regional Personnel Agency of West Sumatra Province. Population in this research is employees of Regional Personnel Board of West Sumatera Province which amounted 52 people. The sample of this study was taken using krejcie table with Proportional Stratified Random Sampling technique and obtained 51 samples. The instrument of this study is Likert Scale Questionnaire with five choices that have been tested for its validity and reliability. Data were analyzed by using product moment correlation formula. Based on the results of research that has been done can be concluded that supervision of the leadership on the category is high enough that is 72% and employee performance in good enough category that is equal to 79%.The results show that the correlation coefficient between leadership supervision with significant employee performance is rxy = 0.529 &gt; rtable = 0.361 at 99% confidence level. On the correlation significance there is also a significant relationship between supervisory leadership with employee performance is tcount = 4.361 &gt; ttable 2.704 at 99% confidence level. Thus the hypothesis tested is acceptable. The hypothesis reads a significant relationship between supervisory leadership and employee performance

scholarly journals Confidence in action: differences between perceived accuracy of decision and motor response

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Siedlecka ◽  
Marcin Koculak ◽  
Borysław Paulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Error Awareness ◽  
Action Processing ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Response Confidence ◽  
Trial Participants ◽  
Confidence Ratings

AbstractEach of our decisions is associated with a degree of confidence. This confidence can change once we have acted as we might start doubting our choice or even become convinced that we made a mistake. In this study, we explore the relations between action and our confidence that our decision was correct or erroneous. Fifty-six volunteers took part in a perceptual decision task in which their decisions could either lead to action or not. At the end of each trial, participants rated their confidence that their decision was correct, or they reported that they had made an error. The main results showed that when given after a response, confidence ratings were higher and more strongly related to decision accuracy, and post-response reports of errors more often indicated actual errors. The results support the view that error awareness and confidence might be partially based on post-action processing.

scholarly journals Side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winny Wing Yin Yue ◽  
Kiyofumi Miyoshi ◽  
Wendy Wing Sze YUE
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Rating ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Confidence Levels ◽  
Memory Accuracy ◽  
Memory Conformity ◽  
Subjective Confidence

Memory conformity may develop when people are confronted with some divergent memories of others in social situations and knowingly/unknowingly incorporate these exogenous memories into their owns. Earlier research suggests that memory conformity is more prominent in subjects who bear low confidence towards their memory accuracy. Nonetheless, it is unclear whether and how this subjective confidence may likewise be influenced by the confidence levels of others. Here, we followed participant’s confidence transformation quantitatively over three confederate sessions in a memory test. After studying a set of human motion videos, participants had to answer whether a particular video had appeared before by indicating their side (i.e. Yes/No) and the associated confidence rating simultaneously. Participants were allowed to adjust their responses as they were being shown randomly-generated confederates’ answers and confidence values. Overall, we found that participants tended to become committed to their side early on and gain confidence gradually over subsequent sessions. This polarizing behavior may be explained by two kinds of preferences: (1) Participant’s confidence enhancement towards same-sided confederates was greater in magnitude compared to the decrement towards an opposite-sided confederate; and (2) Participants had the most effective confidence boost when the same-sided confederates shared similar, but not considerably different, confidence level to theirs. In other words, humans exhibit side- and similarity-biases during confidence conformity. Interestingly, among our participants, those who built up their confidence upon others’ retained a higher level of flexibility to change than those who had strong initial confidence. Thus, confidence polarization may not be a totally irreversible trend.

scholarly journals On the assumptions behind metacognitive measurements: Implications for theory and practice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyofumi Miyoshi ◽  
Yosuke Sakamoto ◽  
Shin'ya Nishida
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Confidence Rating ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Distributional Assumption ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Model Comparisons ◽  
Gaussian Signal ◽  
Distributional Assumptions ◽  
Metacognitive Accuracy

Theory of visual confidence has largely been grounded in the gaussian signal detection framework. This framework is so dominant that people could be rather ignorant of idiosyncratic consequences from this distributional assumption. By contrasting gaussian and logistic signal detection models, this paper systematically evaluates the consequences of auxiliary distributional assumptions in the measurement of metacognitive accuracy and its theoretical implications. We found that these models can lead to opposing conclusions regarding the efficiency of confidence rating relative to objective decision (whether meta-d’ is larger or smaller than d’) as well as the metacognitive efficiency along the internal evidence continuum (whether meta-d’ is larger or smaller for higher levels of confidence). These demonstrations may call for reconsideration of hitherto established theories of metacognition that are critically dependent on auxiliary modeling assumptions. We deem there is no instant solution for this matter as our quantitative model comparisons on a large dataset did not decide on a clear victor between gaussian and logistic metacognitive models. Yet, being aware of the hidden modeling assumptions and their systematic consequences would facilitate cumulative development of the science of metacognition.

scholarly journals Confidence in action: Differences between perceived accuracy of decision and motor response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Siedlecka ◽  
Marcin Koculak ◽  
Borysław Paulewicz
Keyword(s):  
Motor Response ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Decision Accuracy ◽  
Perceptual Decision ◽  
Error Awareness ◽  
Degree Of Confidence ◽  
Response Confidence ◽  
Trial Participants ◽  
Confidence Ratings

AbstractEach of our decisions is associated with a degree of confidence. This confidence can change once we have acted because we might start doubting our choice or even become convinced that we have made a mistake. In this study, we explore the relations between action and our confidence that our decision was correct or erroneous. Fifty-four volunteers took part in a perceptual decision task in which their decisions could either lead to action or not. At the end of each trial, participants rated their confidence that their decision was correct, or they reported that they had made an error. The main results showed that when given after a response, confidence ratings were higher and more strongly related to decision accuracy, and post-response reports of errors more often indicated actual errors. The results support the view that error awareness and confidence might be partially based on postaction processing.

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