scholarly journals Integrated Approach On Degaradtion Of Azo Dyes Using Laccase Enzyme And Nanoparticle With Its Interaction By In Silco Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Sridharan ◽  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy ◽  
Archana Murali.K ◽  
Revathy Rajagopal ◽  
Thirumal Kumar. D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Silico Analysis

ABSTRACTAzo dyes, released by the textile industries causes severe damage to the environment and living organisms. The degradation of azo dyes is widely studied using enzymatic methods. Laccase, is a copper containing enzyme that degrades the azo dyes into less toxic compounds. In this work, Laccase enzyme produced by the alkaliphile Pseudomonas mendocina in the degradation of mixed azo dye showed 0.386 U/Ml activity at pH 8.5. Combination of enzymatic and green synthesised nanoparticle were used in the degradation mixed azo dye. Laccase used in the degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 58.46% in 72 hours while the photocatalytic degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 15.98%. The degradation of azo dyes using copper iodide nanoparticle resulted in 15.835% of mixed azo dye degradation. But it was noticed that combined method removed 62.35% of mixed azo dyes in 60 minutes. Interaction of laccase enzyme with azo dyes using in silico analysis predicted the binding energy of RR (−7.19 kcal/mol), RB (−8.57 kcal/mol) and RBL (−9.17 kcal/mol).

scholarly journals Integrated approach on azo dyes degradation using laccase enzyme and Cul nanoparticle

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Sridharan ◽  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy ◽  
K. M. Archana ◽  
Revathy Rajagopal ◽  
D. Thirumal Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Copper Iodide ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Silico Analysis

AbstractAzo dyes released by the textile industries cause severe damage to the environment and living organisms. The degradation of azo dyes is widely studied using enzymatic methods. Laccase is a copper-containing enzyme that degrades the azo dyes into less toxic compounds. In this work, the crude laccase enzyme produced by the alkaliphile Pseudomonas mendocina in the degradation of mixed azo dye showed 0.386 U/mL activity at pH 8.5. A combination of enzymatic and green synthesized nanoparticles was used in the degradation of mixed azo dye. Laccase used in the degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 58.4% in 72 h, while the photocatalytic degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 15.9%. The degradation of azo dyes using copper iodide nanoparticles resulted in 15.8% degradation. However, it was noticed that the combined method of degradation of azo dyes involving both crude laccase and CuI nanoparticles gave a degradation of 62.3% in 60 min. Interaction of laccase enzyme with azo dyes using in silico analysis predicted the binding energy with reactive red (−7.19 kcal/mol), reactive brown (−8.57 kcal/mol), and reactive black dyes (−9.17 kcal/mol) respectively.

Role of Enzymes From Microbes in the Treatment of Recalcitrant From Industries

2018 ◽  
pp. 395-420
Author(s):  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Degradation Of Azo Dye

The limited availability of fresh water is a global crisis. The growing consumption of fresh water due to anthropogenic activities has taken its toll on available water resources. Unfortunately, water bodies are still used as sinks for waste water from domestic and industrial sources. Azo dyes account for the majority of all dye stuffs, produced because they are extensively used in the textile, paper, food, leather, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Bacterial degradation of azo dyes under certain environmental conditions has gained momentum as a method of treatment, as these are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and can be applied to wide range of such complex dyes. The enzymatic approach has attracted much interest with regard to degradation of azo dyes from wastewater. The oxido-reductive enzymes are responsible for generating highly reactive free radicals that undergo complex series of spontaneous cleavage reactions, due to the susceptibility of enzymes to inactivation in the presence of the other chemicals. The oxidoreductive enzymes, such as lignin peroxidase, laccases, tyrosinase, azoreductase, riboflavin reductive, polyphenol oxidase, and aminopyrine n-demethylase, have been mainly utilized in the bacterial degradation of azo dye. Along with the reductive enzymes, some investigators have demonstrated the involvement in some other enzymes, such as Lignin peroxides and other enzymes. This chapter reviews the importance of enzymes in dye degradation.

In Silico Analysis of Bacterial Systems For Textile Azo Dye Decolorization and Affirmation With Wetlab Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1600734 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shantkriti Srinivasan ◽  
Gnanendra Shanmugam ◽  
Swati V. Surwase ◽  
Jyoti P. Jadhav ◽  
Senthil K. Sadasivam
Keyword(s):  
In Silico ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Dye Decolorization ◽  
Silico Analysis ◽  
Azo Dye Decolorization ◽  
Bacterial Systems

Advances in Bioremediation for Removal of Toxic Dye from Different Streams of Wastewater

2016 ◽  
pp. 266-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Banerjee ◽  
Aniruddha Mukhopadhayay ◽  
Papita Das
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Textile Printing ◽  
Enhanced Bioremediation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Immobilization Techniques

Azo dyes are used in abundance in several industries like textile, printing, paper, plastic, cosmetics, paints, etc. Extensive discharge of such dyes in adjacent water bodies has raised much environmental concern. Azo dyes are toxic to living organisms and their genotoxic and carcinogenic potentials are intensified on being released as mixtures. In the recent years, various microorganisms have been isolated and reported to possess tremendous potential for efficient dye degradation. However, the process of bioremediation is highly controlled by experimental factors like effluent pH, temperature and concentration of dyes in solution. Therefore, appropriate optimization of these factors is to be determined in order to ensure maximum efficiency of this process. This review highlights application of immobilization techniques of bacterial cells for achievement of successful biodegradation. In this study, the existing problems of dye pollution and possible improvisations for obtaining enhanced bioremediation of dyes have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Investigating degradation metabolites and underlying pathway of azo dye “Reactive Black 5” in bioaugmented floating treatment wetlands

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nain Tara ◽  
Mazhar Iqbal ◽  
Fazale Habib ◽  
Qaiser Mahmood Khan ◽  
Samina Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Treatment Wetlands ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Acinetobacter Junii ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Successful Removal ◽  
Floating Treatment Wetlands

Abstract The direct discharge of azo dyes and/or their metabolites into the environment may exert toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic effects on exposed fauna and flora. In this study, we analyzed the metabolites produced during the degradation of an azo dye namely Reactive Black 5 (RB5) in the bacterial augmented-floating treatment wetlands (FTWs), followed by the investigation of their underlying toxicity. To this end, a FTWs system was developed by using a common wetland plant Phragmites australis in the presence of three dye-degrading bacteria (Acinetobacter junii strain NT-15, Pseudomonas indoloxydans strain NT-38, and Rhodococcus sp. strain NT-39). We found that the FTW system effectively degraded RB5 into at least 20 different metabolites with the successful removal of color (95.5%) from the water. The fish toxicity assay revealed the non-toxic characteristics of the metabolites produced after dye degradation. Our study suggests that bacterially aided FTWs could be a suitable option for the successful degradation of azo dyes, and the results presented in this study may help improve the overall textile effluent clean-up processes.

scholarly journals Degradation and Detoxification of Congo Red azo dye by Immobilized Laccase of Streptomyces sviceus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhoodevi Chakravarthi ◽  
Vani Mathkala ◽  
Uma Maheswari Devi Palempalli
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Marine Actinobacteria ◽  
Immobilized Laccase ◽  
Laccase Enzyme

The discharge of textile effluents enriched with reactive azo dyes is of critical importance owing to inability of the dyes to degrade in waste water and their carcinogenic, mutagenic effects to various organisms. This study initiated based on the need to gaze into molecular mechanism of marine bacterial bioremediation process to develop strategies for the decolorization and detoxification of the synthetic azo dyes. The experimental work carried out to explore decolorization and degradation efficacy of laccase derived from marine actinobacteria, Streptomyces sviceus by choosing Congo red-21 as model azo dye. The extracellular production of laccase was confirmed with plate assay in medium supplemented with ABTS as substrate. Laccase was purified to homogeneity from 72hrs culture of Streptomyces sviceus by Fast performance liquid chromatography and the molecular size of laccase was noticed as 60 kDa. The purified laccase was immobilized with an efficiency of 82% by Calcium alginate method. The crude, purified and immobilized forms of the laccase enzyme was used to decolorize the Congo red-21. Crude laccase enzyme showed 69% of decolorization of Congo red-21 after 48h where as purified and immobilized laccase represented 78% and 92% of colour removal after 24 h respectively. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry were used to unravel the molecular mechanism of dye detoxification and also identify nontoxic products released from Congo Red-21 upon administration with immobilized laccase. Based on GC-MS data, it may deduce that immobilized laccase of Streptomyces sviceus cleaves the Congo red-21 dye followed by oxidative cleavage, desulfonation, deamination, demethylation process.

scholarly journals Phylogenetically diverse bacteria isolated from tattoo inks, an azo dye-rich environment, decoloize a wide range of azo dyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Won Nho ◽  
Xue Wen Cui ◽  
Ohgew Kweon ◽  
Jinshan Jin ◽  
Huizhong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Methyl Red ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Optical Absorbance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Systematic Understanding ◽  
Tattoo Inks

Abstract Purpose: There has been an interest in the microbial azo dye degradation as an optional method for the treatment of azo dye-containing wastes. Tattoo ink is an extremely unique azo dye-rich environment, which never been explored in terms of microorganisms capable of degrading azo dyes. Previously, we isolated 81 phylogenetically diverse bacteria, belonging to 20 genera and 49 species, contaminated in tattoo inks. In this study, we investigated if these bacteria, which can survive in the azo dye-rich environment, have an ability to degrade azo dyes. Methods: We conducted a two-step azo dye degradation (or decolorization) assay. In step 1, a high-throughput degradability assay was done for 81 bacterial isolates using Methyl Red and Oragne II. In step 2, a further degradation assay was done for 10 selected bacteria with a representative of 11 azo dyes, including 3 commercial tattoo ink azo dyes. Degradation of azo dyes were calculated from measuring optical absorbance of souble dyes at specific wavelenths. Results: The initial high-throughput azo dye assay (step 1) showed that 79 isolates had a complete or partial degradation of azo dyes; >90% of Methyl Red and Orange II were degraded within 24 h, by 74 and 20 isolates, respectively. A further evaluation of azo dye degradability for 10 selected isolates in step 2 showed that the isolates, belonging to Bacillus , Brevibacillus , Paenibacillus , and Pseudomonas , exhibited an excellent decolorization ability for a wide range of azo dyes. Conclusions: This study showed that phylogenetically diverse bacteria, isolated from azo dye-rich tattoo inks, is able to degrade a diverse range of azo dyes, including 3 azo dyes used in commercial tattoo inks. Some of the strains would be good candidates for future studies to provide a systematic understanding of azo dye degradation mechanisms

scholarly journals Balon Balığı (Fugu rubripes)’nda Katalaz Geninin Biyoinformatik Analizleri

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1413-1417
Author(s):  
Mehtap Bayır ◽  
Gökhan Arslan
Keyword(s):  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Fugu Rubripes ◽  
Gene Synteny ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Conserved Gene ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Identification And Characterization ◽  
Cat Gene ◽  
Silico Analysis

In this study, bioinformatics analysis of fugu (Fugu rubripes) catalase (cat) gene was performed. Molecular biology science is developing rapidly in parallel with the increasing importance of bioinformatics, thanks to the developed techniques in recent years. In this bioinformatics-based study wich enables the effective identification and characterization of genes in living organisms using online genome databases and statistics and storage, organization and sharing of the ever-increasing genetic data we designed the conserved gene synteny and gene structure and detected the identiy-similarity ratios between fugu and the other telosts and tetrapods. NCBI-GeneBank, EMBL, ENSEML and UNIPROT databases have been used for all these bioinformatics studies. Bioedit and Mega programs were used to perform the analysis and evaluate the data obtained from all these databases. In silico analysis such as the identification and characterization of fugu cat gene, exons-introns organization, phylogenetic tree and gene synteny were completed in this study and presented with tables and figures.

Axo-dye biodegradation under anoxic conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 495-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Zissi ◽  
G. Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Terminal Electron Acceptor ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Double Bond

Biological oxidation of azo-dyes is important for wastewater treatment. Azo-dyes are synthetic organic colorants that exhibit great structural variety. A large majority of these dyes are released into the environment. The textile industry and dyestuff manufacturing industry are two major sources of released azodyes. In the present study, we focus on the anoxic degradation of a disperse azo-dye, p-aminoazobenzene (pAAB), a simple azo-dye, by a pure culture of Bacillus subtilis, growing on a synthetic medium. Bacillus subtilis is a bacterium capable of using nitrate and/or nitrite as terminal electron acceptor under anoxic conditions. This bacterium lacks the capability for fermentation. The degradation of p-aminoazobenzene by Bacillus subtilis was examined through batch experiments in order to elucidate the mechanism of dye degradation. The results proved that Bacillus subtilis co-metabolizes p-aminoazobenzene under denitrifying conditions, in the presence of glucose as carbon source, producing aniline and p-phenylenediamine as the nitrogen-nitrogen double bond is broken.

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