Advances in Bioremediation for Removal of Toxic Dye from Different Streams of Wastewater

2016 ◽  
pp. 266-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Banerjee ◽  
Aniruddha Mukhopadhayay ◽  
Papita Das
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Textile Printing ◽  
Enhanced Bioremediation ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Immobilization Techniques

Azo dyes are used in abundance in several industries like textile, printing, paper, plastic, cosmetics, paints, etc. Extensive discharge of such dyes in adjacent water bodies has raised much environmental concern. Azo dyes are toxic to living organisms and their genotoxic and carcinogenic potentials are intensified on being released as mixtures. In the recent years, various microorganisms have been isolated and reported to possess tremendous potential for efficient dye degradation. However, the process of bioremediation is highly controlled by experimental factors like effluent pH, temperature and concentration of dyes in solution. Therefore, appropriate optimization of these factors is to be determined in order to ensure maximum efficiency of this process. This review highlights application of immobilization techniques of bacterial cells for achievement of successful biodegradation. In this study, the existing problems of dye pollution and possible improvisations for obtaining enhanced bioremediation of dyes have also been discussed.

scholarly journals Integrated Approach On Degaradtion Of Azo Dyes Using Laccase Enzyme And Nanoparticle With Its Interaction By In Silco Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Sridharan ◽  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy ◽  
Archana Murali.K ◽  
Revathy Rajagopal ◽  
Thirumal Kumar. D ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Severe Damage ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Silico Analysis

ABSTRACTAzo dyes, released by the textile industries causes severe damage to the environment and living organisms. The degradation of azo dyes is widely studied using enzymatic methods. Laccase, is a copper containing enzyme that degrades the azo dyes into less toxic compounds. In this work, Laccase enzyme produced by the alkaliphile Pseudomonas mendocina in the degradation of mixed azo dye showed 0.386 U/Ml activity at pH 8.5. Combination of enzymatic and green synthesised nanoparticle were used in the degradation mixed azo dye. Laccase used in the degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 58.46% in 72 hours while the photocatalytic degradation of mixed azo dyes showed 15.98%. The degradation of azo dyes using copper iodide nanoparticle resulted in 15.835% of mixed azo dye degradation. But it was noticed that combined method removed 62.35% of mixed azo dyes in 60 minutes. Interaction of laccase enzyme with azo dyes using in silico analysis predicted the binding energy of RR (−7.19 kcal/mol), RB (−8.57 kcal/mol) and RBL (−9.17 kcal/mol).

Dye degradation potential of Acinetobacter baumannii strain VITVB against commercial azo dyes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Veena Sreedharan ◽  
Purbasha Saha ◽  
Kokati Venkata Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Dye Degradation

scholarly journals The Hidden Charm of Life

Life ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Porcar
Keyword(s):  
Synthetic Biology ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Living Organisms

Synthetic biology is an engineering view on biotechnology, which has revolutionized genetic engineering. The field has seen a constant development of metaphors that tend to highlight the similarities of cells with machines. I argue here that living organisms, particularly bacterial cells, are not machine-like, engineerable entities, but, instead, factory-like complex systems shaped by evolution. A change of the comparative paradigm in synthetic biology from machines to factories, from hardware to software, and from informatics to economy is discussed.

scholarly journals Chromate Reduction in Serratia marcescens Isolated from Tannery Effluent and Potential Application for Bioremediation of Chromate Pollution

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 972-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Mondaca ◽  
V. Campos ◽  
R. Moraga ◽  
C.A. Zaror
Keyword(s):  
Natural Waters ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Chromate Reduction ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Transmission Electron

Pollution of aquatic systems by heavy metals has resulted in increasing environmental concern because they cannot be biodegraded. One metal that gives reason for concern due to its toxicity is chromium. Cr(VI) and Cr(III) are the principal forms of chromium found in natural waters. A chromate-resistant strain of the bacterium S. marcescens was isolated from tannery effluent. The strain was able to reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), and about 80% of chromate was removed from the medium. The reduction seems to occur on the cell surface. Transmission electron microscopic examination of cells revealed that particles were deposited on the outside of bacterial cells. A stable biofilm was formed in less than 10 h, reaching around 1010cfu attached per milligram of activated carbon. These findings demonstrate that immobilizedS. marcescensmight be used in industrial waste treatment processes.

scholarly journals Congo Red Decolorization and Detoxification by Aspergillus niger: Removal Mechanisms and Dye Degradation Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedra Asses ◽  
Lamia Ayed ◽  
Neila Hkiri ◽  
Moktar Hamdi
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Lignin Peroxidase ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Manganese Peroxidase ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Maximum Decolorization

Congo red is one of the best known and used azo dyes which has two azo bonds (-N=N-) chromophore in its molecular structure. Its structural stability makes it highly toxic and resistant to biodegradation. The objective of this study was to assess the congo red biodegradation and detoxification by Aspergillus niger. The effects of pH, initial dye concentration, temperature, and shaking speed on the decolorization rate and enzymes production were studied. The maximum decolorization was correlated with lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase production. Above 97% were obtained when 2 g mycelia were incubated at pH 5, in presence of 200 mg/L of dye during 6 days at 28°C and under 120 to 150 rpm shaking speed. The degraded metabolites were characterized by using LC-MS/MS analyses and the biodegradation mechanism was also studied. Congo red bioconversion formed degradation metabolites mainly by peroxidases activities, i.e., the sodium naphthalene sulfonate (m/z = 227) and the cycloheptadienylium (m/z = 91). Phytotoxicity and microtoxicity tests confirmed that degradation metabolites were less toxic than original dye.

The Role of Vertically Integrated Structures in Industry Markets

Vestnik MEI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-99
Author(s):  
Yuliya V. Zhilkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Electric Power Industry ◽  
Power Industry ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Current State

The electric power industry is a basic sector of Russia's economy that creates necessary conditions for the activity of productive forces and life of the population. The results of electric power industry reorganization in our country are rather ambiguous. The structural changes were carried without taking the vertical integration principles in consideration, which had a significant impact on the pricing policy and investment programs. The results of studying the current state of the sector in the Russian Federation are presented, and recommendations on solving the existing problems based on the vertical integration principles are given. It is pointed out that vertically integrated companies that manage generation, distribution, transmission, and sales do not come in contradiction with the market conditions and, what is more, guarantee the power supply reliability. The relevance of this problem is stemming from the fact that the prices for electricity have a significant influence on the country economy as a whole. Under the currently existing conditions of the rapidly changing world policy, it is especially important to use vertical integration for gaining the maximum efficiency. Thus, these principles are the basis for creating an optimal market structure.

Role of Enzymes From Microbes in the Treatment of Recalcitrant From Industries

2018 ◽  
pp. 395-420
Author(s):  
Veena Gayathri Krishnaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Degradation Of Azo Dye

The limited availability of fresh water is a global crisis. The growing consumption of fresh water due to anthropogenic activities has taken its toll on available water resources. Unfortunately, water bodies are still used as sinks for waste water from domestic and industrial sources. Azo dyes account for the majority of all dye stuffs, produced because they are extensively used in the textile, paper, food, leather, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Bacterial degradation of azo dyes under certain environmental conditions has gained momentum as a method of treatment, as these are inexpensive, eco-friendly, and can be applied to wide range of such complex dyes. The enzymatic approach has attracted much interest with regard to degradation of azo dyes from wastewater. The oxido-reductive enzymes are responsible for generating highly reactive free radicals that undergo complex series of spontaneous cleavage reactions, due to the susceptibility of enzymes to inactivation in the presence of the other chemicals. The oxidoreductive enzymes, such as lignin peroxidase, laccases, tyrosinase, azoreductase, riboflavin reductive, polyphenol oxidase, and aminopyrine n-demethylase, have been mainly utilized in the bacterial degradation of azo dye. Along with the reductive enzymes, some investigators have demonstrated the involvement in some other enzymes, such as Lignin peroxides and other enzymes. This chapter reviews the importance of enzymes in dye degradation.

Type, Sources, Methods and Treatment of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poslet Shumbula ◽  
Collet Maswanganyi ◽  
Ndivhuwo Shumbula
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Persistent Organic Pollutants ◽  
Environmental Concern ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Techniques ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Synthetic Organic Chemical ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Living Organisms

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), which are synthetic organic chemical compounds, either intentionally or unintentionally produced, have widely aroused public concern in recent years. These chemicals are toxic and major environmental concern due to their persistence, long range transportability, bioaccumulation and potentially adverse effects on living organisms. Uncontrolled inputs combined with poor environmental management often result in elevated levels of persistent organic pollutants in affected estuaries. Since the Stockholm Convention on POPs was adopted, different techniques have been extensively developed. A major focus revealed the need for low cost methods that can be implemented easily in developing countries such as electrochemical techniques. Persistent organic pollutants are known to be resistant to conventional treatment methods such as flocculation, coagulation, filtration and oxidant chemical treatment. However, various advanced wastewater treatment technologies such as, activated carbon adsorption, biodegradation using membrane bioreactor and advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been applied in the treatment of POPs.

Immobilization as a powerful Bioremediation tool for abatement of dye pollution: A review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purbasha Saha ◽  
K.V.Bhaskara Rao
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Immobilized Enzymes ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Industrial Implementation ◽  
Dye Pollution ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Colored Wastewater ◽  
Immobilization Techniques

Dyes are xenobiotic compounds widely used by textile, leather, paper, printing, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. Decolorization and dye degradation in the effluents is a prime hurdle in its treatment, and there is still a shortage of economically attractive and easy-to-operate treatments that can eliminate dye pollution. In recent years, chemical-based treatments are being replaced by greener technologies at the lab and industrial scale to combat dye pollution. It is noteworthy that immobilization is a biotechnological tool that greatly enhances bioremediation's potential. The present review has covered the basic concepts of immobilization, including the different immobilization techniques and the various carriers used for immobilization. The efficient immobilization of a biocatalyst depends on the proper choice of a carrier combined with a suitable immobilization technique. Hence, this review provides a comparative analysis of the different immobilization techniques and carriers used. Further, there is an in-depth discussion on the potential of immobilized enzymes and cells as bioremediation agents for dye degradation. Nearly all the studies indicated that immobilization enhanced the biodecolorization of colored wastewater compared to free systems. Further, the potential of immobilized systems for large scale industrial implementation was also examined. The article ends with a note on the loopholes of research on immobilization and future scopes of this technique.

Photodegradation of organic dyes based on anatase and rutile TiO2 nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 2746-2759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashish Gautam ◽  
Anuraj Kshirsagar ◽  
Rahul Biswas ◽  
Shaibal Banerjee ◽  
Pawan K. Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Tio2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Degradation Study ◽  
Rutile Tio2 ◽  
Rutile Titania

Dye degradation study using anatase and rutile titania suggests maximum efficiency of about 88% using anatase phase for MB under short UV light however, the maximum degradation under long UV light was not more than 65% (anatase/ rutile/EBT).

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