scholarly journals Goiter parenchyma, blood vessels and lymphatics contain Staphylococcus epidermidis - saprophyte or pathogen?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergiusz Durowicz ◽  
Marzanna Zaleska ◽  
Waldemar L. Olszewski ◽  
Ewa Stelmach ◽  
Katarzyna Piskorska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Intensive Therapy ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Defibrinated Sheep Blood ◽  
Toxic Multinodular Goiter

AbstractBackgroundGoiter in its various clinical and histopathological forms is accompanied by an inflammatory process requiring intensive therapy. The thyroid gland is an organ specifically exposed to the microbial environment due to its close location to the mouth microbiome. A number of bacterial phenotypes has been detected in the inflamed thyroid gland. A question raises as to whether bacteria have not already been present in the thyroid gland before the clinical symptoms of goiter became evident.AimTo answer the questions: a) do the goiter tissue structures contain bacteria, b) if so, which bacterial phenotypes can be identified, c) what are the genetic similarities of the thyroid and periodontal bacterial strains.Material and methodsStudies were carried out in 60 patients with the non-toxic multinodular goiter in 40 cases, toxic multinodular goiter in 10, single adenoma in 3, Hashimoto’s disease with nodular changes in 4 and recurrent thyroid disease in 3. Tissue fragments harvested during surgery were placed on Columbia blood agar base enriched with 5% defibrinated sheep blood. In this method bacteria present in the tissue slowly proliferate in their in vivo transferred to ex-vivo environment, crawl out and form the on-plate colonies. It enables detection of single bacteria usually difficult in a standard planktonic culture.Resultsa) Coagulase-negative Staphylococci were shown growing on culture plates in above 50% of thyroid parenchyma, veins, arteries and adjacent lymphoid tissue specimens, b) tissue-originating colony-forming bacteria appeared on plates on day 3, but in some as late as after 12-21 days, c) all isolates were sensitive to the basic antibiotics, d) bacterial thyroid and oral DNA tests showed similarities indicating possibility of the oral origin, e) the on-plate time-prolonged cultures showed shrinking of the colonies and upon adding liquid medium formed the small variant colonies.ConclusionsThyroid gland tissues contained in above 50% of specimens the coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Over 88% similarity of the genetic pattern of Staphylococcus epidermidis strain from tooth, oropharyngeal and thyroid tissues, estimated with PCR MP technique, suggested their periodontium origin.

scholarly journals Treatment of thyrotoxicosis with radioiodine (аnalytical review of literature and own clinical data)

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-254
Author(s):  
N. I. Lukhovytska
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
Radioiodine Treatment ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Toxic Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Medical Radiology ◽  
Almost All

Background. Thyrotoxicosis syndrome is a severe disease of the thyroid that adversely affects functioning of almost all organs and body systems and can result in serious complications like ciliary arrhythmia, cardiovascular inefficiency, thyroid eye disease with visual deterioration, multi-organ failure. The choice of treatment strategy, its sequence and radioiodine therapy effectiveness in thyrotoxicosis and other non-oncological diseases of the thyroid gland is still a challenging issue in endocrinology and radiology. Purpose. To analyze the literature data regarding radionuclide treatment in patients with thyrotoxicosis and to present own experience-outcomes of radioiodine treatment administered to 146 patients with thyrotoxicosis symptoms and 9 patients with other non-oncological thyroid pathology at SO «Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology» during 2010–2019. Materials and methods. The literature analysis involved 34 sources of information in the form of scientific articles, research papers, monographies, etc. Among them, 4 sources were domestic, 3 sources were Russian, the other 27 were taken from the foreign scientific journals. The evidence level of researching varies from І А to ІІІ С. The analysis of own findings has been carried out for the period from 2010 to the first half of 2020. Treatment with 131I-sodium iodide was provided in liquid or capsule form, per os; 155 patients in total underewnt treatment. Radioiodine activity per a course ranged from 185 MBq to 1110 MBq, the number of courses was chosen individually. Results and discussion. The analytical review of modern domestic and foreign literature has made it possible to define that radioiodine treatment still plays an important role in treatment of thyrotoxicosis, especially for patients with recurrent and resistant to thyrostatics disease form. Our own data showed that the treatment was reasonable to be administered via high radioiodine doses (600–1000 MBq), that resulted in curing the disease in 98 % (113 patients with Graves’ disease and 33 patients with toxic multinodular goiter). The effectiveness of radioiodine therapy for patients with AIT (2 cases) and in case of the retrosternal location of the thyroid gland (7 patients) has been proven. Conclusions. Radioiodine treatment remains a modern and effective way to overcome such conditions as Graves’ disease, TMNG (toxic multinodular goiter), retrosternal location of hyperplastic thyroid gland, AIT.

scholarly journals The Emergence of Linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus Epidermidis in the COVID-19 Hospitalized Intubated Patients in North Khorasan, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Azimian ◽  
Mahsa Khosrojerdi ◽  
Hamed GhasemZadeh-Moghadam ◽  
Hasan NamdarAhmad-Abad ◽  
Seyed Ahmad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Linezolid Resistance ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

Abstract BackgroundIn the COVID-19 pandemic from 2019 to date, we confront secondary bacterial and viral infections in SARS-CoV2 infected patients, especially hospitalized patients. Coagulase-negative staphylococci, are commensals of the human body and can lead to infections in immunocompromised patients. The antimicrobial resistance is increasingly reported in coagulase-negative staphylococci, especially in Staphylococcus epidermidis. One of the most critical problems is resistance to linezolid in S. epidermidis, observed in Europe since 2014. The aim of this study was to evaluation of bacterial Co-infections and determination of antimicrobial resistance pattern of co-infection isolated strains in North Khorasan, Iran, in the last six-month period. MethodsAfter microbiological evaluation of pulmonary samples of hospitalized intubated patients with signs of bacterial pneumonia, we found co-infection in 11 of 185 patients with S. epidermidis, S. aureus, and Acinetobacter baumani, respectively. Interestingly seven of nine S. epidermidis isolates were linezolid resistant. For identification of the isolates at the species level, we used phenotypic methods and also the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the atlE gene. Selected isolates were characterized by determining their antimicrobial resistance patterns and using molecular methods including SCCmec typing, detection of ica, mecA, vanA, and cfr genes. ResultsAll isolates were resistant to methicillin, and Seven isolates were resistant to linezolid. It should be noted that all nine isolates were positive for the ica gene. Nine of 11 isolated have belonged to the SCCmec I, and two belonged to the SCCmec IV. It should be noted that all patients had the underlying disease and six patients died.ConclusionThe increasing linezolid resistance in bacterial strains becomes a real threat for patients, and monitoring such infections combined with surveillance and infection prevention programs is very important to decrease the number of linezolid-resistant staphylococcal strains.

Rare association of primary hyperparathyroidism and toxic multinodular goiter

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Elfekih ◽  
Mouna Elleuch ◽  
Dorra Ghorbel ◽  
Faten Hadjkacem ◽  
Mouna Ammar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Rare Association ◽  
Toxic Multinodular Goiter

Lack of Reported Mutations in a Japanese Case of Toxic Multinodular Goiter

ORL ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-277
Author(s):  
Masakazu Hanamitsu ◽  
Eiji Takeuchi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Kitanishi ◽  
Hironori Sakurai ◽  
Hiroshi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Japanese Case ◽  
Toxic Multinodular Goiter

scholarly journals Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens in Canadian Hospitals: Results of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008)

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 4684-4693 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Zhanel ◽  
Melanie DeCorby ◽  
Heather Adam ◽  
Michael R. Mulvey ◽  
Melissa McCracken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Surveillance Study ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Clinical Specimens ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymyxin E ◽  
Resistance Rates

ABSTRACT A total of 5,282 bacterial isolates obtained between 1 January and 31 December 31 2008, inclusive, from patients in 10 hospitals across Canada as part of the Canadian Ward Surveillance Study (CANWARD 2008) underwent susceptibility testing. The 10 most common organisms, representing 78.8% of all clinical specimens, were as follows: Escherichia coli (21.4%), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA; 13.9%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (6.0%), coagulase-negative staphylococci/Staphylococcus epidermidis (5.4%), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; 5.1%), Haemophilus influenzae (4.1%), Enterococcus spp. (3.3%), Enterobacter cloacae (2.2%). MRSA comprised 27.0% (272/1,007) of all S. aureus isolates (genotypically, 68.8% of MRSA were health care associated [HA-MRSA] and 27.6% were community associated [CA-MRSA]). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of E. coli isolates. The CTX-M type was the predominant ESBL, with CTX-M-15 the most prevalent genotype. MRSA demonstrated no resistance to ceftobiprole, daptomycin, linezolid, telavancin, tigecycline, or vancomycin (0.4% intermediate intermediate resistance). E. coli demonstrated no resistance to ertapenem, meropenem, or tigecycline. Resistance rates with P. aeruginosa were as follows: colistin (polymyxin E), 0.8%; amikacin, 3.5%; cefepime, 7.2%; gentamicin, 12.3%; fluoroquinolones, 19.0 to 24.1%; meropenem, 5.6%; piperacillin-tazobactam, 8.0%. A multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype occurred frequently in P. aeruginosa (5.9%) but uncommonly in E. coli (1.2%) and K. pneumoniae (0.9%). In conclusion, E. coli, S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA), P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae, K. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and Enterococcus spp. are the most common isolates recovered from clinical specimens in Canadian hospitals. The prevalence of MRSA was 27.0% (of which genotypically 27.6% were CA-MRSA), while ESBL-producing E. coli occurred in 4.9% of isolates. An MDR phenotype was common in P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Agenesis of Isthmus of the Thyroid Gland in a Patient with Graves-Basedow Disease and a Solitary Nodule

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Omer Faruk Ozkan ◽  
Mehmet Asık ◽  
Huseyin Toman ◽  
Faruk Ozkul ◽  
Oztekin Cıkman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Solitary Nodule ◽  
Rare Congenital Anomaly ◽  
Wide Range

The thyroid is a vascular endocrine gland with two lateral lobes connected by a narrow, median isthmus. Although a wide range of congenital anomalies of the thyroid gland has been reported in the literature, agenesis of the thyroid isthmus is a very rare congenital anomaly. Thyroid isthmus agenesis does not manifest clinical symptoms, and it can be confused with other thyroid pathologies. We describe a patient with no isthmus of the thyroid, associated with Graves-Basedow disease. Thyroid isthmus agenesis should be kept in mind in order for surgical procedures involving thyroid pathologies to be carried out safely.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Effects of Oregano Essential Oil (OEO) and Its Potential Applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-25
Author(s):  
R. Cabrera-Contreras ◽  
R. Morelos-Ramírez ◽  
J. P. Quiróz-Ríos ◽  
D. Muñoz-Quiróz
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Reference Strains ◽  
Serial Dilutions

Essential oils (EOs) are commonly used in food industry, due that they possess antioxidative and antimicrobial properties. There are few essential oils that have been used in medicine, due to its potent antibacterial activity against intrahospital pathogens. OEO has experimentally shown potent antibacterial effect on nosocomial Gram-positive bacteria, therefore it can be very useful in hospital environments, where there are many bacterial pathogens, which are the etiological agents of nosocomial infections and most of them are resistant to several antibiotics. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine antimicrobial effect of OEO on most frequent bacterial intrahospital pathogens: MRSA, MRSE comparatively to selected ATCC bacterial reference strains. Methods: This experimental study investigates the antibacterial action of oregano (Origanum vulgare) essential oil (OvEO) on two human pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) Here, we used OEO against one of the most prominent antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains: methicillin-resistant SA (MRSAmecA+ = Meticillin Resistant SA and mecA- = Meticillin Resistance SA ), methicillin-resistant SE (MRSEmecA+ = Meticillin Resistance Staphylococcus epidermidis mecA+) and reference strains: S. aureus ATCC 700699, S. epidermidis ATCC 359845 and E. coli ATCC 25922. Bactericidal effects of the OEO on these bacteria were mainly evaluated using undiluted and four serial dilutions in coconut oil (CCO) l: 1:10, 1:100, 1:200, 1:400. Results: OEO, undiluted and 4 serial dilutions showed potent antibacterial activity against all strains tested. In conclusion, this OEO could be used as an alternative in medicine. The ability of OEO to inhibit and kill clinical Multi-Drug-Resistant (MDR): MRSA and MRSE strains, highlights it´s potential for use in the management of drug-resistant MDR infections in hospitals wards.

scholarly journals Diazotrophic bacteria in the growth of micropropagated ornamental pineapple

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Adriano Bortolotti Silva ◽  
Ligiane Aparecida Florentino ◽  
Dalvana De Sousa Pereira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Correa Landgraf ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Ornamental pineapple is a hardy plant with significant landscaping value. Tissue culture of plants is viable for producing plants with a high phytosanitary quality. However, one of the difficulties with this cultivar is the acclimatization process, which is slow and can cause losses. The objective of the present study was to verify the potential of inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria for in vitro and ex vivo growth of ornamental pineapple. A group of diazotrophic bacterial strains selected at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS) was prioritized in this study, and the treatments included bacterial strains UNIFENAS (100-13, 100-60, 100-68, 100-153, 100-167 and 100-198). These strains were evaluated in terms of their capacity to produce indole 3-acetic acid. Subsequently, plants were cultivated in a medium composed of MS medium salts (1/4), adding 1 mL of the bacterial strain. In the control treatment, the plants were maintained in 2 mL of MS medium. 7 days after inoculation, the plants were transplanted into the MS, where they were maintained for 30 days. After in vitro cultivation, the plants were transferred to pots containing commercial Plantmax® substrate and maintained under these conditions for 60 days. The diazotrophic bacteria were able to synthesize auxins, and their inoculation promoted greater growth in vitro and ex vitro in the plants. In the acclimatization phase, the plants inoculated with UNIFENAS strains (100-60, 100-68 and 100-153) promoted a higher shoot growth, chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Thyroid Gland Disease as a Comorbid Condition in COPD

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Aziz Gumus ◽  
Neslihan Ozcelik ◽  
Bilge Yilmaz Kara ◽  
Songul Ozyurt ◽  
Unal Sahin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Multinodular Goiter ◽  
Airflow Limitation ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Comorbid Condition ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Euthyroid Sick Syndrome ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The disease is characterized by progressive airway inflammation, which not only affects the airways but also has systemic effects that are associated with comorbidities. Although comorbid conditions such as hypertension and coronary artery disease are very well-known in COPD patients, diseases of the thyroid gland have not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, thyroid diseases are not considered among the comorbid conditions of COPD. The purpose of this study was to determine the thyroid gland disease (TGD) prevalence in COPD and associated factors. Materials and Method. The study included 309 (297 (96%) male) patients. The patients were subjected to spirometry and thyroid function tests (TFT) in the stable period. The thyroid gland disease they were diagnosed with was recorded after face-to-face meetings and examining their files. Results. The mean age of the patients who were included in the study was 65.9 ± 9.8 (40-90). Thyroid disease was determined in 68 (22%) individuals. There were hypothyroidism in 7 (2%), euthyroidism in 45 (15%), and hyperthyroidism in 16 (%5) patients. No relationship was found between the severity of airflow limitation and the prevalence of TGD. Conclusion. Thyroid abnormalities are commonly observed in COPD. The most frequently encountered TGDs are euthyroid multinodular goiter, euthyroid sick syndrome (ESS), and toxic multinodular goiter.

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