The influence of behavioural and organisational characteristics on the success of international strategic alliances

With the current trend toward globalisation and the increasing competitive and technological challenges of today's environment the formation of international strategic alliances has become an important part of many firm's international business strategies. Experience with international strategic alliances has shown that they face a number of problems, which can often result in the termination of the alliance. This study, therefore, aims to assess the impact of both behavioural and organisational characteristics on the success of international strategic alliances. The results show that behavioural characteristics play a more significant role in explaining overall alliance performance compared to organisational characteristics. High levels of commitment, trust, coordination, interdependence and communication are found to be good predictors of international strategic alliance success. Conflict, meanwhile, is found to hamper good performance. By contrast organisational characteristics such as structure and control mechanisms are found not to strongly influence the success of international strategic alliances.

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The devil you know? A review of the literature on the impact of prior ties on strategic alliances

Management Research The Journal of the Iberoamerican Academy of Management ◽

10.1108/mrjiam-09-2015-0608 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 334-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana Valdés-Llaneza ◽

Esteban García-Canal

Keyword(s):

Strategic Alliances ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Organizational Adaptation ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Content Type ◽

Alliance Performance ◽

Cooperative Relationships ◽

Comprehensive View ◽

The Impact

Purpose – This paper aims to provide a comprehensive view of the role of previous cooperative relationships between partners at the different stages of development of strategic alliances: formation, design and post-formation, as well as their effect on alliance performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a comprehensive review of the literature. Findings – This paper shows that the relationship between prior ties and alliance outcomes is more complex than what it seems at first sight. The impact that prior ties have on alliance performance and organizational adaptation is not always positive. Research limitations/implications – The main implication of this paper for researchers and managers is to show the need to consider the risks of repeated relationships between partners. This research could be developed by conducting a meta-analysis. Originality/value – This paper provides a comprehensive view of the impact of prior ties between the partners in strategic alliance outcomes. This paper sheds light on some inconclusive results of previous research on this topic.

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INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC ALLIANCES IN THE IT FIELD

Foreign trade economics finance law ◽

10.31617/zt.knute.2021(116)05 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 52-63

Author(s):

NIZHEIKO Kostiantyn

Keyword(s):

Strategic Alliances ◽

Information Technologies ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

It Industry ◽

Customer Base ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

International Strategic Alliances ◽

Analysis And Synthesis ◽

Theoretical Generalization ◽

And Control

Background. International strategic alliances are becoming one of the most appropriate forms of partnership between domestic IT firms and leading foreign IT companies. However, gaining membership in such an alliance without prior planning can result not only in benefits but also significant losses, which are often ignored and not calculated in advance by domestic representatives of the IT-industry. An analysis of recent research and publications has shown that, despite the existence of some scientific developments, the issues related to determining the advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the field of information technologies remain unresolved. The aim of the article is to identify the advantages and disadvantages of creating international strategic alliances in the field of information technologies. Materials and methods. Methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction are applied. Results. The advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the IT sphere are identified and characterized. The key advantages of creating international strategic alliances in the IT sphere include: maintaining a greater share of autonomy; achieving new goals; expanding the customer base; improving the quality of services, goods; financial infusions; avoidance of tariff and non-tariff restrictions; expanding the database of contacts. The key shortcomings of the creating international strategic alliances in the IT sphere include: loss of autonomy of management and control; «brain»drain; copyright disputes; uneven costs; differences in terminology; cultural and language barriers; unforeseen conflicts. Conclusion. The need for careful substantiation of decisions on the entry of domestic IT companies into the international strategic alliance has been established. It is argued that the advantages and disadvantages of international strategic alliances in the IT field in most cases depend on the position taken by partners in the creation of ISAs.

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The drivers of profitability in the top 30 major airlines worldwide

Measuring Business Excellence ◽

10.1108/mbe-09-2015-0045 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 26-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ilídio Tomás Lopes ◽

Duarte Pitta Ferraz ◽

Ana Maria Gomes Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Intellectual Capital ◽

Strategic Alliances ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

Content Type ◽

Structural Capital ◽

Test Of Hypotheses ◽

Major Airlines ◽

Capital Ownership ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of human and structural capital on profitability of major airlines and examine whether region, capital ownership and control and strategic alliance play a clustering effect on profitability. Design/methodology/approach Using information from the top 30 airlines worldwide, in particular human and structural capital proxies, a linear model is regressed. Test of hypotheses were performed towards the identification of the influence emerged from variables, such as region, capital ownership and control and strategic alliances, on intellectual capital drivers and profitability. Findings Turnover is driven by human and structural capital factors, namely: employee expenses and benefits; size of board of directors; intangible assets; codeshare agreements; and passenger traffic. Airlines profitability does not depend on region, capital ownership and control or strategic alliance in which the company is integrated. Research limitations/implications In spite of the limitations, we underline the range of time under analysis and the sample size. However, the current approach can be replicated over time and based in other rankings, structured on different metrics and approaches. Practical implications The empirical results provide both an understanding of how independent variables positively affect the performance of airlines and offer some explanation as to the relationship between key characteristics of firms and profitability. Originality/value The research adds value to the current literature by exploring the effects of new intellectual capital drivers on profitability of airlines firms. Focused on a sector that strongly contributes to improve the networking between nations, it provides a new and updated overview.

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The Impact of Fairness Concerns on the Formation of Retailers Alliance with Considersion of Transshipment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11030708 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 708

Author(s):

Xiaohong Yu ◽

Sujuan Wang ◽

Xindong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Strategic Alliances ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

Implicit Function ◽

Equilibrium Solutions ◽

Numerical Examples ◽

Fairness Concerns ◽

Nash Equilibrium Solutions ◽

Order Quantities ◽

Alliance System ◽

The Impact

This paper investigated the impact of fairness concerns on the formation of the inventory transshipment strategy alliance through its impact on the ordering decisions and profits of two retailers. The paper introduced reference point dependency to describe the retailer’s fairness concerns utility function, and modeled the strategic alliance system consisting of two retailers involved in transshipment. The conditions for the existence of Nash equilibrium solutions were given. The paper solved the impact of the fairness parameters on order quantities and profits by the implicit function theorem. Based on the theoretical analysis and numerical examples, this paper investigated the formation of a strategic alliance under asymmetric and symmetric fairness concerns. The results are as follows: (1) under asymmetric fairness concerns, when the transshipment price of the retailer with no fairness concerns is no more than the transshipment price of the retailer with fairness concerns, an inventory transshipment strategy alliance can be formed. Otherwise the retailer with no fairness concerns may need to pay the retailer with fairness concerns certain fees in order to form a strategic alliance; (2) under symmetric fairness concerns, two completely symmetric retailers can form strategic alliances.

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International Strategic Alliances: The Impact of Behavioral Characteristics on Success

Journal of Euromarketing ◽

10.1300/j037v10n01_05 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 71-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Saleema Kauser ◽

Vivienne Shaw

Keyword(s):

Strategic Alliances ◽

Behavioral Characteristics ◽

International Strategic Alliances ◽

The Impact

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Exploring Critical Success Factors of Competence-Based Synergy in Strategic Alliances: The Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi Strategic Alliance

Journal of Risk and Financial Management ◽

10.3390/jrfm14080385 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 385

Author(s):

Andrejs Čirjevskis

Keyword(s):

Strategic Alliances ◽

Critical Success Factors ◽

Success Factors ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

The Arctic ◽

Future Research ◽

Alliance Formation ◽

Quantitative Research Methods ◽

Critical Success ◽

The Impact

This paper aims to unbundle the antecedents of competence-based synergy in the strategic alliance formation process by employing the ARCTIC framework. The current research provides a new empirical application of the ARCTIC framework to reveal the success factors of reciprocal synergies of the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi strategic alliance in the automotive industry. By taking a resource-based view on the sources of competitive advantage, the current paper contributes to theoretical and practical issues of global strategic alliances as part of the existing literature on strategic management, international business, and corporate finance. By bridging qualitative and quantitative research methods, the paper provides validity to the ARCTIC framework with an application of the real option valuation. A conceptual model of research helps practitioners and scholars to explore critical success factors of alliance formation and to predict a competence-based synergy of strategic alliances. Future research may explore the institutional context of strategic alliances, specifically, exploring the impact of the French and Japanese governments on the Renault–Nissan–Mitsubishi alliance’s synergies.

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SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS AS A MEMBER OF INTERNATIONAL STRATEGIC ALLIANCES

Academic Review ◽

10.32342/2074-5354-2021-1-54-10 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (54) ◽

Author(s):

Vadym V. Tatarinov ◽

◽

Vadym S. Tatarinov ◽

Valentina А. Pavlova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Education ◽

Strategic Alliances ◽

Financial Support ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Innovation Activity ◽

Bank Capital ◽

Use Of Resources ◽

International Strategic Alliances

The article considers the peculiarities of the construction and functioning of international strategic alliances and the reasons that hinder the participation of Ukrainian small and medium-sized businesses. Recommendations for the development of knowledge-intensive components of small and medium-sized businesses (venture, innovation and manufacturing businesses) and preparation for their participation in international strategic alliances are given: 1. In the conditions of globalization and strengthening of competition companies look for ways of saving of the economic efficiency, increase of competitiveness. One of such ways can be considered an international strategic alliance. ISA is an organizational agreement on long-term cooperation, which provides for the joint use of resources and management structures of two or more independent firms from different countries to implement tasks related to the mission of each of them; ISA is able to promote the innovative development of individual enterprises and the economy of a developing country as a whole; ISAs are an important link in the transfer of technology and other scientific and technical developments of national companies; SMEs with large companies may spread, on the one hand, due to the lack of financial and managerial opportunities for SMEs to develop business and compete with global players in the industry, and, on the other hand, large members of the alliance can count on the flexibility of SMEs and to obtain the results of their scientific and technical work, as well as the expansion of its scientific and technical base through mergers with SMEs or their acquisition; The highest achievement of ISA can be the creation of such innovations and modernization of production at a level that was not even laid down in the formation of the alliance. 2. In order to increase innovation activity, development and preparation of venture, innovation and production small and medium-sized businesses for participation in ISAs, the state must ensure after completion of quarantine: - increasing the investment attractiveness of Ukraine by maintaining political, economic stability and lasting peace in the country; - in the legislative order of creation and stimulation of the competitive environment in the field of venture, innovative and industrial small and average business in perspective branches of economy; – the possibility of using ways to diversify effective financial support for innovative enterprises based on the experience of developed countries; – stimulating bank capital to preferential financing of innovative SMEs in promising industries; – creation of a legislative basis for the development of the “angel network” in Ukraine; – obtaining a mandatory level of financial training through online education for start-ups in order to reduce the risk of using their financial support; – creation and development of regional infrastructure of resource, information, scientific and technical support for SMEs; – organization of training of high-class specialists in the field of support of venture business and organization of works on creation and realization of perspective projects; – sustainable development of the Ukrainian stock market; – improvement of the legal framework in terms of clarifying the functions and principles of venture funds and venture firms in order to eliminate their misuse of tax benefits; – protection of Ukrainian intellectual property abroad.

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The impact of British public opinion on women’s relationships with American GIs in Gloucestershire 1942-1946.

10.46289/ht45pl22 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

◽

Abigail Murphy

Keyword(s):

Public Opinion ◽

Female Sexuality ◽

Sexual Relationships ◽

Primary Sources ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Sexual Agency ◽

The Public ◽

Women's Relationships ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

The main focus of this study is to determine the impact of public opinion on women’s relationships with American GIs in Gloucestershire 1942-1946. This involves understanding the scope of the relationships that were had and how race determined the way women who fraternised with US troops were portrayed to the public. Its primary aim is to provide new understanding of a subject that is under researched in Gloucestershire. Much attention has been given to the presence and impact of American soldiers in the Britain during the Second World War. However, no study has directly focused on Gloucestershire. This thesis also aims to understand if public opinion regarding women’s relationships with American soldiers impacted their sexual agency. Two main methods are used, the textual analysis of primary sources and the use of oral history accounts. The research reveals that sexual relationships with American soldiers added to the existing apprehension that surrounded female sexuality. Many local women had relationships with American soldiers, which aggravated some members of the public and the local authorities, especially if the soldier was black. Young working-class girls and women were particularly singled out for their immoral behaviour towards the US troops. The research also reveals that women in Gloucestershire expressed indifference and defiance towards the often-disapproving public opinion and control mechanisms implemented to influence the sexual agency of women. This thesis contributes to women’s history in Gloucestershire, uncovering a period of the county’s history that until now has not been researched.

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A Perturbation Platform System for Balance Testing and Rehabilitation Interventions

10.21203/rs.2.23390/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Corey Pew ◽

Soroosh Sadeh ◽

Richard R. Neptune ◽

Hao-Yuan Hsiao

Keyword(s):

Single Mode ◽

The United States ◽

Original Position ◽

Control Mechanisms ◽

Home Setting ◽

Balance Testing ◽

Portable System ◽

Platform System ◽

And Control ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Falling is a leading cause of injury and death in the United States. Researchers and clinicians strive to identify and rehabilitate those at risk of falling in order to mitigate the impact of fall events and prevent future falls. Recently, perturbation-based balance testing and interventions have received increased attention, partly because reactive postural control responses triggered by perturbations are important for balance recovery during actual falls. However, current systems are limited by the need for multiple individuals to operate the device, downtime between trials to reset the perturbation and/or single mode functionality. To this end, we have developed a Perturbation Platform System that can induce perturbations in both vertical and angled directions. Results The system consists of two box platforms that can individually perform straight (25.4 mm, 50.8 mm and 76.2 mm) and angled (5°, 10°, and 15°) height changes while an individual is standing or walking overground. In addition, the system can automatically reset to the original position following perturbation. The platform achieves peak downward accelerations of 5.41 m/s2 during drop events that simulate sudden changes in foot-contact surfaces. Conclusions The novel system can be used in a laboratory setting to better understand balance response and control mechanisms. In addition, this portable system can be used in a clinical or home setting to provide perturbation-based balance exercises that aim to improve balance and mobility.

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Strategic Alliances In The Financial Services And Chemical Industries

Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) ◽

10.19030/jber.v2i12.2946 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Charles J. Cante ◽

Vincent J. Calluzzo ◽

Huldah A. Ryan

Keyword(s):

Chemical Industry ◽

Strategic Alliances ◽

Financial Services ◽

Strategic Alliance ◽

Similar Proportion ◽

Financial Services Industry ◽

Total Quality ◽

Font Size ◽

Alliance Performance ◽

Services Industry

The penetration and practice of strategic alliances and Total Quality Management in a goods industry (Chemical Industry) was compared to that for a service industry (Financial Services).   The ingoing hypothesis that the Financial Services Industry and the Chemical Industry were similar as it relates to strategic alliances and TQM, based on the longevity of these concepts, was not fully supported. Clear industry similarities and differences were noted. For example, the penetration of TQM and strategic alliances was deeper in the Chemical Industry. This is thought to be the result of the earlier application of TQM and strategic alliances in goods industries. Company size, as measured by revenue, did not affect whether small or medium sized companies in either industry practiced TQM, engaged in strategic alliances or the number of strategic alliances that each had.  The proportion of strategic alliance practitioners who also practiced TQM was statistically similar for both industries. Importantly, a high, and similar, proportion of strategic alliance participants in both industries achieved business growth.  While those practitioners did achieve a reduction of the numbers of suppliers there is significant room for improvement in both industries. Strategic alliance performance met or exceeded expectations and alliance costs were on or below forecasts in both industries but the result was significantly better for the Financial Services industry in both instances. The lower outcomes for the Chemical Industry are most likely rooted in negative aspects of relationships with strategic alliance partners as suggested by the top 5 advantages and top 5 disadvantages responses. Significantly, a high proportion of strategic alliances will continue with most of these being with the current partner and a few with new partners.  The Financial Services Industry outperforms the Chemical Industry on this measure.It is recommended that firms in the Financial Services Industry closely examine the benefits that strategic alliances can yield, and then conduct pilot tests. On the other hand, firms in the Chemical Industry need to improve their relationships with potential partners in order to maximize the outcome of strategic alliances.

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