The emergence of new policy coordination model in Korea: empowering HRD at the sectoral level

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Moon ◽  
Kirak Ryu ◽  
Sangoh Park

Purpose This paper aims to describe how the human resources development (HRD) policy has shifted from the national level to the sectoral levels; the paper also explains the changes that have been made in skills formation in the economy by presenting the emergence of Industry Skills Councils (ISC). Design/methodology/approach This paper presents perspectives of which include reviewing the change of governance and skills formation at the sectoral level. Findings Skills development strategy is needed both at the sectoral and national levels to cultivate the core competencies of Korean talents. The feedbacks based on the HRD practices implemented at the micro level are delivered to the state governments and business associations via the ISCs. The policymaking has thus become more decentralized from the state government, and it now reflects inputs from the practical field in the process of making new policies. Originality/value Korean skills regime is still difficult to classify because it does not follow the skills formation regime discussed in current scholarship. While the state government has played an active role in decision-making, financing and delivery of vocational training programs since the early phase of economic development, engagement by social partners has been limited in the Korean vocational education and training (VET) system. The participation of social partners in the Korean VET system has been limited, but various stakeholders such as the labor unions; trade unions; chambers of commerce; and small, medium and large enterprises have been engaged gradually in skills identification, formation, development and implementation within individual sectors.

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Che Ku Hisam Che Ku Kassim ◽  
Noor Liza Adnan ◽  
Roziani Ali

Purpose Because of the heightened environmental awareness of the public, local governments (LGs) are being pressured to improve on the extent and quality of environmental disclosures (EDs) provided in an array of reporting media. The lack of an accounting tool to identify, measure and report EDs has propelled the infusion of environmental management accounting (EMA) to support the reporting practices. This paper aims to examine the institutional pressures influencing EMA adoption by Malaysian LGs. Design/methodology/approach Using the consensus approach, a self-administered questionnaire survey is conducted on accountants in LGs in Peninsular Malaysia. The items in the questionnaire are based on the findings of prior studies on EMA adoption. Findings The results suggest that coercive isomorphism from the state government is perceived to be the influential institutional factor placing intense pressures on LGs to adopt EMA. Research limitations/implications The results solidify the potential role of the state government in any public policy changes which could further stimulate and promote the adoption of EMA. Originality/value Insufficient empirical evidence on the adoption of EMA in LGs within a developing country’s perspective contributes to a limited understanding on the development of environmental-related practices in different economic stages and environment as well as within the public sector’s perspective.


Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Jovanka Špirić ◽  
M. Isabel Ramírez

This paper investigates how the horizontal and vertical policy integration for REDD+ has been conceptualized and unfolded in Mexico during the REDD+ readiness and early implementation phase (2008–2019). We used the document analysis and interviews with key actors to identify changes that REDD+ induced in forestry and agriculture sectors’ policy making and programs at the national level and in two REDD+ states, Campeche and Jalisco. The policy integration for REDD+ in Mexico is conceptualized as compatibility-within-a-framework, i.e., promotes coordination and compromises among the objectives of land-use policies endorsing sustainable rural development. The state environmental agencies play an active role in involving the agricultural authorities in formal and informal interactions. This resulted in the design (Campeche) and even implementation (Jalisco) of REDD+-aligned programs and instruments. The progress at the subnational level is hampered by the national agriculture and forestry agencies’ policy inertia and lack of resources. To support the subnational REDD+ policy integration advancement, more resources and powers should be made available to the state environmental authorities which would help them directly reach more international funding and include other important REDD+ actors and establish mutually accountable relationships with them.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 182
Author(s):  
Tatang Sudrajat

<p><em>The state has provided a lot of welfare to the citizens of rural communities, who make up the largest part of this nation. Socio-economic welfare as a public interest has been pursued by the state with its authority, including in the form of a policy to establish Village Owned Enterprises (BUM Desa). The issuance of Law Number 6 of 2014, PP Number 43 of 2014 and the Village Regulation of PDTT Number 4 of 2015 relating to the interests of the village community, became a strong foundation for the establishment of BUM Desa. In Karawang Regency, this was followed up with the issuance of Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2019 and Perbup Number 35 of 2020. One of the problems when public policy was implemented started from the substance of policies that were bad policy, unclear, not operational/incomplete, ambiguous, and contradictory.</em><em> </em><em>The research uses normative juridical methods and literature review. The results of the study indicate that the issue of welfare of rural communities is embodied in various state/government regulations. There is a relationship between the local government as an operational policy maker and the policy environment as well as a hierarchical relationship with policy makers regarding BUM Desa at the national level. There are several policy substances that are considered bad policies, because they are unclear, not operational/incomplete, ambiguous and contradictory. This will have implications for the ineffective implementation of BUM Desa policies by implementers at the lowest level of government.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em> : evaluation, public policy, village-owned enterprises</em></p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aznan Hasan ◽  
Rusni Hassan ◽  
Engku Rabiah Adawiah Engku Ali ◽  
Engku Muhammad Tajuddin Engku Ali ◽  
Muhamad Abduh ◽  
...  

Purpose The purpose of this study is to propose a contemporary human resource management (HRM) framework by zakat institutions, which collect and manage religious alms, both obligatory (zakat) and voluntary (ṣadaqah), in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach In doing so, discussions pertaining to the key elements of zakat institutions’ HRM including recruitment, selection, performance appraisal, training and development and compensation are gathered from the existing literature and other sources of information such as zakat institutions’ websites and publications. In addition, zakat officers’ insight on how HRM is practiced at their institutions is gathered through a series of semi-structured interviews and incorporated in the findings of this study. Findings The paper finds that the state government, by virtue of the State Islamic Religious Council (SIRC), which is the sole trustee of all waqf properties in Malaysia, may have significant influence in formulating the human resource strategies and policies in zakat institutions. Research limitations/implications The proposed HRM model can be a useful reference for SIRC in enhancing the current human resource practice in its respective zakat institutions. Originality/value The novelty of this study lies in the proposed HRM model applicable to zakat institutions. The model emphasizes the alignment between the zakat institutions’ HRM practice and their zakat collection and distribution goals, as well as zakat management objectives in general.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Deepti Chandra

Learning outcomes The following are the learning objectives of the case study: to address the problem of urban food insecurity. To facilitate the generation of more employment opportunities and women empowerment through self-help groups (SHGs). To understand the transition from the founder to new leadership provided by Ms J Jayalalithaa. To understand consumer perception and preferences for “Amma canteens”. To appreciate how the case study has added to the historical role of soup kitchens. To address the challenges faced by the government on the sustainability and viability of “Amma canteens” post the death of its founder Ms Jayalalithaa. Case overview/synopsis “Amma Unavagam” is a food subsidisation programme operated by the State Government of Tamil Nadu in India. Under the scheme, municipal corporations of the state are required to run canteens that serve subsidised food. The canteens were first launched by the then Chief Minister of the state Ms Jayalalithaa, who was widely acknowledged as “Amma”. These low-cost canteens will be announced as part of government schemes aimed to support economically disadvantaged sections of society. The scheme had been able to generate employment for thousands of women. However, the success of the scheme lies in the low prices and the cooperative management of all the outlets by the SHGs. The SHGs have been able to run the canteens based on self-governing norms, mutual reciprocity and shared responsibilities. This case study evaluates the role of state-sponsored mechanisms to ensure food security, alleviate food inflation and empower more women in the workforce. Yet, several concerns continue to remain unaddressed. Considering the huge amount of subsidy provided by the state government, the sustainability and economic viability of the scheme are uncertain. Complexity academic level This case study can be used for management students studying the basics of management such as teamwork, motivation, leadership and good governance. They may also study government policies and community intervention programmes for the benefit of society. The present case study will help the students to analyse the concept of women empowerment and social inclusion. The students, before discussing the case, may study and read the socio-economic theory of “community engagement and participation”, the “self-help model” and the related “theory of reasoned action/planned behaviour”. Supplementary materials Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 6: Human resource management.


Significance That increase has sparked concerns that the state government is further militarising the fight against organised crime at the expense of the human rights of favela (slum) communities. Governor Wilson Witzel is fulfilling his campaign promise of a zero-tolerance crackdown but faces increasing criticism over how police tactics have placed favela residents' lives at risk. Impacts Popular approval and criticism of repressive anti-crime policies will reinforce political polarisation. Drug gangs will gain popular support by providing some COVID-19-related security not offered by the state. COVID-19-related economic disruption is likely to reinforce the risk of a new rise in violence.


2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 347-366
Author(s):  
Ravindra H. Dholakia ◽  
Shailesh Gandhi

India became independent in 1947. Its central planning model emphasized the development of core sectors of Indian economy through Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs). PSUs played an active role in economic development for more than four decades. The process of liberalization and globalization began in 1991. The Central and State Governments initiated process of disinvestment and decontrol in various PSUs. Gujarat State Fertilizers & Chemicals Limited (GSFC) was one of such PSUs. It was promoted in 1962 by the State Government of Gujarat (GoG) with its 49% equity share, as a joint sector fertilizer company. The objective of the Government was to promote agricultural growth by providing chemical fertilizers and other inputs along with extension services to the farmers. Over the years, it diversified into industrial products. It was also instrumental in promotion of other PSUs in Gujarat through equity participation. It had a strong brand image among the farmers. In 2004, GoG appointed an Expert Committee (EC) to review the performance and sustainability of various PSUs in the State of Gujarat including GSFC and to recommend whether or not the Government should continue to hold its investment in them. The task of EC in providing recommendations on GSFC was very challenging because GSFC incurred losses for the first time during 2000–1 to 2002–3 since its inception but showed dramatic turnaround in 2003–4 and further improved its financial performance in 2004–5 and 2005–6. EC had to reassess the developmental role of GSFC and the need for GoG to continue its involvement. It had to assess the sustainability of improved financial performance in future and decide whether or not GoG should disinvest its stake.


2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
S. K. Bostan

In the article it was noted, that the new ukrainian government is trying to decide the problems in the ukrainian’s society, but its actions are directed first of all at the achievement of the short-term, specific tasks to stabilize the situation in the country. It was emphasized, that its actions can produce some positive results, but the maximum level of their effectiveness can will be, if these tactical tasks will be realized on the basis of long term state strategy. It is determined that the state strategy is a moving social contract social contract concluded by the state government with citizens for a certain period and providing for perspective and long-term planning of the state development. The importance of the state strategy consists in openly proposals of the social values. It founds the basics for the social solidarity in achieving goals and so it constituted the state as unity power. The expediency of establishing a long term for implementing a state development strategy in Ukraine and building a democratic, social state of law as its ultimate goal have been paid attention to. It was emphasized that the determination of the constituent elements of a state strategy can be accomplished by the division of the state as an object of strategic planning into a number of “sub-objects” that have more specific short or medium-term tactical goals in the process. It was suggested that to rely on the scientific apparatus of the theory of state and law for defining these “sub-objects”. But it is a basic fact that the state as a social phenomenon consists of three main components, namely: form, content and essence. It was pointed out the form of the state as an external expression of the content and essence of the state, which are manifested through such elements as the form of political regime, form of state government and form of state-territorial structure. It was stressed out that the content is a sort of ordered set of institutional elements that make up the state. The essence of the state is a set of features of the state, which in unity reflect its qualitative properties, manifested through the functions of the state. It was were summarized that through consideration such elements should determine the long-term of development of the Ukrainian state, which will allow to optimize the process of political-public administration and to ensure its stability, consistency and continuity, based on clearly formulated long-term objectives.


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