Remembering and forgetting the arts of technical education

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-193
Author(s):  
John Pardy
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
Social Imaginary ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
National Imaginary ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeTechnical education in the twentieth century played an important role in the cultural life of Australia in ways are that routinely overlooked or forgotten. As all education is central to the cultural life of any nation this article traces the relationship between technical education and the national social imaginary. Specifically, the article focuses on the connection between art and technical education and does so by considering changing cultural representations of Australia.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon materials, that include school archives, an unpublished autobiography monograph, art catalogues and documentary film, the article details the lives and works of two artists, from different eras of twentieth century Australia. Utilising social memory as theorised by Connerton (1989, 2009, 2011), the article reflects on the lives of two Australian artists as examples of, and a way into appreciating, the enduring relationship between technical education and art.FindingsThe two artists, William Wallace Anderson and Carol Jerrems both products of, and teachers in, technical schools produced their own art that offered different insights into changes in Australia's national imaginary. By exploring their lives and work, the connections between technical education and art represent a social memory made material in the works of the artists and their representations of Australia's changing national imaginary.Originality/valueThis article features two artist teachers from technical schools as examples of the centrality of art to technical education. Through the teacher-artists lives and works the article highlights a shift in the Australian cultural imaginary at the same time as remembering the centrality of art to technical education. Through the twentieth century the relationship between art and technical education persisted, revealing the sensibilities of the times.

No ordinary time, no ordinary men: the relationship between Harvey Cushing and Franklin D. Roosevelt, 1928–1939

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Rovit ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Personal Relationship ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Ordinary Time ◽  
The Times ◽  
Franklin Delano Roosevelt ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors elucidate the strong personal relationship that developed between Dr. Harvey Cushing and Franklin Delano Roosevelt (FDR) from 1928 to 1939, as manifested in their frequent letters to each other. The relationship was initiated by the marriage of their children. Through his correspondence with FDR, Cushing was able to affect several medical issues of the period. The relationship of these two individuals is set within the historical, social, and political contexts of the times.

scholarly journals Gnoseological problem as a subject of the metaphysical discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Chekal L. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Philosophical Thought ◽  
The World ◽  
Individual Knowledge ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cognition And Knowledge ◽  
The Ideal

The study focuses on the analysis of epistemological metaphysical discourses in their genesis: from the times of ancient philosophical thought, which contains the origins of the issue, to the epistemological explorations of the twentieth century. The author reviews the features of metaphysics as epistemology that expands interpretations of the cognition process in the context of limits and opportunities withing the relationship between a human and the world. The article also outlines the specifics of metaphysical approaches to the problem of truth. The process of cognition can be interpreted as a specific kind of spiritual activity of an individual. Knowledge can be defined as an information about the world that exists in a form of a certain reality - the ideal construct of existence. Cognition and knowledge differ one from another as the former is a process and the latter is a result. We should think of epistemology as numerous attempts to answer the fundamental question: what is the world really like? Is it such as we perceive it, or is it so different that we are not capable to comprehend its essence?

The hidden historiography of migration and Australian schooling

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Helen Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Reading Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Minority Studies ◽  
Academic Reading ◽  
The Past ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Despite Australia’s history as an exemplary migrant nation, there are gaps in the literature and a lack of explicit conceptualisation of either “migrants” or “migration” in the Australian historiography of schooling. The purpose of this paper is to seek out traces of migration history that nevertheless exist in the historiography, despite the apparent silences. Design/methodology/approach Two foundational yet semi-forgotten twentieth-century historical monographs are re-interpreted to support a rethinking of the relationship between migration and settler colonialism in the history and historiography of Australian schooling. Findings These texts, from their different school system (state/Catholic) orientations, are, it is argued, replete with accounts of migration despite their apparent gaps, if read closely. Within them, nineteenth-century British migrants are represented as essentially entitled constituents of the protonation. This is a very different framing from twentieth century histories of migrants as minority or “other”. Originality/value Instead of an academic reading practice that dismisses and simply supersedes old work, this paper proposes that fresh engagements with texts from the past can yield new insights into the connections between migration, schooling and colonialism. It argues that the historiography of Australian schooling should not simply be expanded to include or encompass the stories of “migrants” within a “minority studies” framework, although there is plenty of useful work yet to be accomplished in that area, but should be re-examined as having been about migration all along.

Role of navigational ability in website visit duration

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 972-988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Bhatnagar ◽  
Atish P. Sinha ◽  
Arun Sen
Keyword(s):  
Website Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Search Effort ◽  
Online Consumer Behavior ◽  
Visit Duration ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Purchase Likelihood ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Online search effort is routinely measured by the duration of visit at the website as obtained from clicksream data or surveys. Measuring search effort by the time spent at a website assumes that all consumers who search for the same duration obtain the same amount of information. This would be acceptable if all consumers possessed the same navigational ability. In practice, different consumers have different levels of ability to navigate a website. The purpose of this study is to find whether an individual’s navigational ability has an influence on visit duration and purchase likelihood. Design/methodology/approach The authors use visit duration data from a real website which makes it possible to partition the visit duration into the times spent on relevant and irrelevant pages. The data were collected through an experimental study. The authors develop an empirical model, comprising hazard and choice models, to assess the relationship between navigational ability and elements of website usage. Findings A consumer with poor navigational ability spends more time searching on the Web and has lower purchase probability compared to a consumer with superior ability. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to one data. Practical implications This research has managerial implications for website design, such as link-structure, appearance, size and the number of graphics. Originality/value This is the first study to research navigational ability’s influence on online consumer behavior.

scholarly journals ТВОРЧІСТЬ ВІКТОРА ЄФИМЕНКА В КОНТЕКСТІ РОЗВИТКУ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ КНИЖКОВОЇ ГРАФІКИ (остання третина ХХ ст.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
О. П. Спасскова
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Art History ◽  
Artistic Development ◽  
Artistic Process ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
History Analysis ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the work is to study the creativity of the Odessa graphic artist Viktor Efimenko (1933-1994) in the context of the development of Ukrainian book graphics of the last third of the twentieth century. The method The basis of our research is the historical-cultural, comparative-typological and figurative-stylistic research methods, which made it possible to achieve a holistic analysis of the graphic works of V. Efimenko. The main thing is the art history analysis of works of book and easel graphic. The last third of the twentieth century is marked by changes in the cultural life of the country. Ukrainian artists sought to join the European and world trends in artistic development, which was characterized by a variety of styles and methods. Despite the fact that state requirements and standards were of great importance, the artists tried to put in to practice the socially relevant topics of concern to them. Two directions of the master's creativity are considered: book and easel illustration. The relationship between the individual graphic style of V. Efimenko and the general artistic process is considered. On the basis of the artistic and stylistic analysis, the interrelation of V. Efimenko’s creativity with the Ukrainian and world artist revealed. It is revealed that the master's works are characterized by a deeply personal, philosophical reading of texts and their figurative reproduction in the language of graphics. It is noted that V. Efimenko could express his philosophical ideas thanks to his free possession of linocut and etching techniques.

Distinctly un-American: subliminal advertising and the Cold War

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Cultural Dynamics ◽  
Deep Dive ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Postwar America ◽  
Cultural Climate ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This paper aims to describe the relationship between subliminal advertising and the Cold War to have a better understanding of the cultural dynamics of postwar America. Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a review of primary and secondary materials from the period 1957-1958, primarily popular and trade periodicals that capture the events as they took place. Findings – Subliminal advertising both reflected and shaped fears grounded in the Cold War cultural climate, and reveal other key insights related to the postwar psyche. Research limitations/implications – Political ideology is readily apparent within consumer culture, a prime example of the insights to be gained by viewing American culture through an interdisciplinary lens. Practical implications – Advertisers can effectively tap into consumers’ deeply seated emotions, but should tread carefully lest they be accused of “mind control”. Social implications – Subliminal advertising represented a seminal moment in postwar American history by exposing the hyper-paranoia of the times. Originality/value – A blow-by-blow account of the subliminal advertising craze and its relationship to the Cold War represents a deep dive into one of the more fascinating sites of mid-century America.

The relationship between classification research and information retrieval research, 1952 to 1970

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawne D. Miksa
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Punch Card ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Classification Schemes ◽  
Early Classification ◽  
Corporate Funding ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present the initial relationship between the Classification Research Group (CRG) and the Center for Documentation and Communication Research (CDCR) and how this relationship changed between 1952 and 1970. The theory of normative behavior and its concepts of worldviews, social norms, social types, and information behavior are used to characterize the relationship between the small worlds of the two groups with the intent of understanding the gap between early classification research and information retrieval (IR) research. Design/methodology/approach This is a mixed method analysis of two groups as evidenced in published artifacts by and about their work. A thorough review of historical literature about the groups as well as their own published works was employed and an author co-citation analysis was used to characterize the conceptual similarities and differences of the two groups of researchers. Findings The CRG focused on fundamental principles to aid classification and retrieval of information. The CDCR were more inclined to develop practical methods of retrieval without benefit of good theoretical foundations. The CRG began it work under the contention that the general classification schemes at the time were inadequate for the developing IR mechanisms. The CDCR rejected the classification schemes of the times and focused on developing punch card mechanisms and processes that were generously funded by both government and corporate funding. Originality/value This paper provides a unique historical analysis of two groups of influential researchers in the field of library and information science.

scholarly journals O potrzebie kształcenia technicznego w odbudowie niepodległej Polski w przekazie „Przeglądu Technicznego” z lat 1914-1918

2019 ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Michalski
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
School System ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technical Education ◽  
The State ◽  
Technical Schools ◽  
The Great War ◽  
The Relationship

After the outbreak of the Great War, a discussion on the role of the school system in the reconstruction of the independent Polish state started in the Warsaw-based Stowarzyszenie Techników Polskich (Association of Polish Technicians). The research on the contents of Przegląd Techniczny (Technical Review), which was a magazine published by that organization, shows that the editors saw the relationship between professional education and industrial development of the state, free from restrictions imposed by the invaders, and, as a result, published notes and articles to convince the society about the need to educate teenagers in occupational schools. Thus, they informed the readers on the operation of schools of that type and various initiatives and forms of technical education and improvement, most of all in Warsaw. They also presented their own projects in that area. Supporting the organization of the technical education system, they proposed three-year lower occupational schools for professional education of workmen, secondary schools educating “intelligent technicians adapted to the needs of the industry”, and higher technical schools conferring a title of the engineer on their graduates.

RELASI ISLAM DAN NASIONALISME DALAM SEJARAH BANGSA INDONESIA

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 563
Author(s):  
Suhaimi Suhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Nationalism ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
New Order ◽  
Japanese Colonial ◽  
Muslim Intellectuals ◽  
Colonization Period ◽  
The Times ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Governance Reforms

In line with the times demand, nationlism changes as a dynamic of dialectics proceeds with changes in social, political, and ekonomic in the country and global levels. Based on a review of historical chronology, this paper analyzed descriptively the relationship between Islam and nationalism in Indonesia. Since the early growth of nationalism and the Dutch colonization period in Indonesia, Islam became the spirit of sacrifice of lives and property of the Indonesian people's fighting to get independence and on the Japanese colonial period and the early days of independence, Islam through the muslim leaders founction as base of departure and developer awareness of nasionalism, patriotism and unity to defend the independence. Despite the authoritarian New Order ruler cope with Islam through the establishment of the Association of Indonesian Muslim Intellectuals (ICMI), but awareness of national Muslim leaders to build Indonesia managed to push governance reforms. And in this era of reform, the spirit of nationalism and the spirit of sacrifice of the Indonesian leaders increasingly eroded by corruption. Key words: proto-nationalism, political nationalism, cultural nationalism.

The Rain Calls of Frogs and the Reigning Paradigm of American Herpetology

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
Gordon L. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Animal Communication ◽  
The United States ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Gradual Disappearance ◽  
The Times ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Breeding Seasons ◽  
The Comparative Study

American zoologists and herpetologists during the past fifty years have successfully deciphered the mating calls of frogs and toads with ever increasing precision and sophistication. However, the vocalizations most commonly termed “rain calls,” which typically occur beyond both normal breeding seasons and breeding sites, have remained a persistent puzzle. This article traces the gradual disappearance of rain calls, along with a corresponding decline in any mention of emotional states, from herpetological studies of anuran vocalizations in the United States from the middle of the twentieth century to the present and examines the historical roots of this disappearance. This evaporation of rain calls is indicative of a much larger change in the scientific climate of the times involving the transition from traditional natural history to the Neo-Darwinian, adaptationist paradigm of contemporary biology. Rain calls thus increasingly became anomalous, thereby eliminating a possibly fruitful line of inquiry in the comparative study of human-animal communication, in this case with evolution's earliest vocalizers. The contours and benefits of a more encompassing paradigm, envisioned by some leading early twentieth-century zoologists, are briefly discussed.

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