Hand measurement and analysis based on image and mark watershed algorithm

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Danyi Fan ◽  
Ximing Ma ◽  
Lijun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Data ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Data Consistency ◽  
Watershed Algorithm ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hand Size ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to propose a method for hand measurement based on image and marker watershed algorithm, and combine the data to analyze the shape and characteristics of the hand.Design/methodology/approachA portable hand image capturing instrument was designed and manufactured, and the hand images and dimensions of 328 young men in Zhejiang area were obtained. The outer contour curve of the hand and the key points of finger root, fingertip, wrist and knuckle position were extracted. Then, the size of each hand part was calculated. The hand data obtained from the two-dimensional image was compared with the manual measurement data. Finally, the hands were classified according to the measurement data, and the relationship between hand control size and hand length, hand width and the relationship between hand length and height were explored.FindingsThe data comparison results show that the two measurement methods have high data consistency and are replaceable. In addition, analyzing the data obtained four major characteristic factors that affect the shape of the hand, divided the hands of young men in Zhejiang into five categories, and obtained the regression equations of basic hand size, hand length and hand width, and obtained the regression equation of hand length and height.Originality/valueThe method proposed in this study to obtain hand size based on the image and mark watershed algorithm has lower requirements on the external environment and testers, conforms to the development trend of applying artificial intelligence to anthropometric engineering and provides a useful reference value for data collection of gloves specification design. In addition, the results of data analysis can provide a valuable reference basis for consumer hand shape predictions, which can be used to guide the research and production of hand instruments, the design of specifications series and the purchase of hand products.

scholarly journals The Many Faces of Manhood

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derrick M. Gordon ◽  
Samuel W. Hawes ◽  
Allecia E. Reid ◽  
Tamora A. Callands ◽  
Urania Magriples ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Masculine Norms ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between the traditional masculine norms (“status,” “toughness” and “antifemininity”) of 296 ethnically and racially diverse, young men transitioning to fatherhood and substance use (smoking, alcohol, marijuana, hard drugs) and health behaviors (diet, exercise). Participants were recruited from urban obstetric clinics in the Northeast United States. Logistic and multiple regression equations were constructed to examine the relationship between masculine norms and health behaviors. Moderator effects were also examined. Masculine norm “status” was most endorsed and “antifemininity” was least endorsed. African American young men had higher masculine norm scores than Latino and Whites. Different masculine norms were associated with health-promoting and health-undermining behaviors. Different racial groups who had higher scores on some masculine norms were more likely to engage in either health-promoting or health-undermining behaviors when compared with other ethnic groups in this study. These results observed different relationships between the traditional masculine norms measured and the substance use and health behaviors of diverse, young men transitioning to fatherhood. This may have implications for intervention strategies and future research.

scholarly journals Height Estimation Using Arm Span and Hand Length Measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
Biswas Satyal ◽  
Abhishek Poudel
Keyword(s):  
Body Height ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standing Height ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Arm span and hand length can be used for the estimation of an individual stature. Arm span, hand length, foot length, head circumference etc. have been proved to be useful to correctly estimate the height of a person. It can be useful in various medico legal purposes. Objectives: The present study was undertaken to find the correlation between the arm-span and hand length with the standing height of both males and females and to derive regression equations for estimation of their height. Materials and Method: This cross sectional type of descriptive study was carried out with a total number of 200 Nepalese medical students consisting of 120 male and 80 female aged between 18 to 24 years. Stature, arm span and hand length were measured directly from the subjects by using anthropometric technique by a measuring tape and a spreading caliper. The data taken were statistically analyzed by computation. The relationship between body height, arm span and hand length were determined using simple correlation coefficients. Result and Conclusion: In this study, the correlation between the arm-span and hand length with the standing height of both males and females was found to be an accurate predictor of the height and regression formulae were derived for calculating the height of male or female with the arm-span and hand length.

Variable snap-off study for 3D additive screen printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-445
Author(s):  
Yacheng Wang ◽  
Peibo Li ◽  
Yuegang Liu ◽  
Yize Sun ◽  
Liuyuan Su
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Screen Printing ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Printing Quality ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose In 3D additive screen printing with constant snap-off, the inhomogeneous screen counterforce will influence the printing force and reduce the printing quality. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between scraper position, snap-off and screen counterforce and develop a variable snap-off curve for 3D additive screen printing to improve the printing quality. Design/methodology/approach An experiment was carried out; genetic algorithm (GA) optimization theoretical model, backpropagation neural network regression model and least square support vector machine regression model were established to study the relationship between scraper position, snap-off and screen counterforce. The absolute errors of counterforce of three models with the experiment results were less than 1.5 N, which was tolerated and the three models were considered valid. The comparison results showed that GA optimization theoretical model performed best. Findings The results suggest that GA optimization theoretical model performed best to represent the relationship, and it was used to develop a variable snap-off curve. With the variable snap-off curve in 3D additive screen printing, the inhomogeneous screen counterforce was weakened and the printing quality was improved. Originality/value In printing production, the variable snap-off curve in 3D additive screen printing helps improve the printing quality; this study is of prime importance to the 3D additive screen printing.

Why and when does ethical leadership evoke unethical follower behavior?

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karianne Kalshoven ◽  
Hans van Dijk ◽  
Corine Boon
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Organizational Identification ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Simultaneous Estimation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Job Autonomy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – In examining whether social exchange or social identity mechanisms drive the relationship between ethical leadership and unethical pro-organizational behavior (UPB), the purpose of this paper is to argue that the mechanism linking ethical leadership and UPB varies for different levels of job autonomy. Design/methodology/approach – Data were requested from 225 employees in several Dutch organizations, of which 156 questionnaires were returned. The authors used multilevel path analysis in MPlus to test the hypotheses, which allows for simultaneous estimation of different regression equations and for testing the significance of indirect effects. Findings – In line with the hypotheses, results revealed a direct relationship between ethical leadership and UPB when followers have little job autonomy. For followers high on job autonomy, the authors found that ethical leadership relates to UPB via organizational identification. Practical implications – It is advised to use ethical leadership with care when it focusses on reciprocity and identification. The results suggest that followers may be inclined to justify their unethical actions by appealing to the principle of higher loyalty – believing they are just doing what the organization wants them to do. Originality/value – Previous research has used social learning theory to show that ethical leadership is likely to stimulate and transfer ethical norms and behaviors. The current study however demonstrates the reciprocal and dark side of ethical leadership, as the authors found that ethical leadership can encourage UPB for followers with low job autonomy.

Determination of distance ease of pants using 3D scanning data

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junqiang Su ◽  
Bingfei Gu ◽  
Guolian Liu ◽  
Bugao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Mathematic Model ◽  
3D Scanning ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ease Allowance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the determination of distance ease of pants from the 3D scanning data of a clothed and unclothed body. Design/methodology/approach – A human model whose body size conformed to the Chinese dummy standard and four pairs of suit pants were chosen for the study. The scanned surfaces of both the body and the pant were superimposed based on the preset markers. The circumferences at four important positions – abdomen, hip, thigh and knee – were selected for pant ease determination. At one position (e.g. hip), the two cross-sections were divided into several characteristic sections and the distance ease, i.e. the space between the cross-sections at each section was measured. The regression equations between the distance ease and ease allowance were then derived so that the distance ease can be estimated. Findings – The relationship was found between the distance ease and the ease allowance. Meanwhile, a mathematic model was established to convert the distance ease into the increments of a pant pattern, which helps to develop an individual pant pattern automatically. Social implications – The paper provided the concept and the method to customize a pant by using the 3D scanning data of body. It created a link between the 3D distance ease and the 2D ease allowance, and the model to calculate the distance ease increments which warrant proper ease distributions. The method helps to develop an individualized garment pattern automatically from a basic and tight pant pattern. Originality/value – Understanding the relationship between the distance ease and the ease allowance and increments of pattern could help develop an individual apparel pattern from 3D measurements. This paper showed a way to solve the problem of distribution of the apparel ease in a virtual environment and convert body measurements from a 3D scanner into personalized apparel patterns.

The role of cooperative development strategy to improving the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Riau Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-101
Author(s):  
Susi Hendriani
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cooperative Development ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Sample Method ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purposes of this research are to investigate the relationship between strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and development strategy and the relationship between development strategy and the success of Koperasi Unit Desa (KUD). Design/methodology/approach The sample population in this research is a village cooperative (KUD) that is located in the Indragiri Hulu Regency region. Withdrawal of the sample that is selected in this research is conducted by using the random sample method that is graded proportionately. This is done because this research has a homogeneous objective (Nazir, 1983, p. 346) and the sample retrieved is as much as 31 village cooperatives (KUD). The analysis method that is used to answer the research hypothesis is path analysis, which consists of two regression equations, namely, the influence of the variables of strength (X1), weakness (X2), opportunity (X3) and threat (X4) on the development strategy (Y1) variable and the influence of the development strategy (Y1) variable on the success of village cooperative (KUD) (Y2) variable by the hypothesis that is presented in a conceptual diagram. Findings The SWOT variable has a significance influence on the development strategy variable in the cooperative in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province, either partially or simultaneously. And among the variables, the development strategy variable has a significant influence on the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province. Also, it was found that the SWOT variable has an indirect influence on the success of village cooperative (KUD) in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau Province. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper to test the relation between SWOT and the development strategy and the performance of village cooperatives in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Indonesia.

THE MODEL FOR MANAGING INVESTMENTS IN THE MOSCOW ENVIRONMENT BASED ON A POWER REGRESSION EQUATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
E. V. KOSTYRIN ◽  
◽  
M. S. SINODSKAYA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Pair Correlation ◽  
Approximation Error ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Approximation ◽  
Average Approximation Error

The article analyzes the impact of certain factors on the volume of investments in the environment. Regression equations describing the relationship between the volume of investment in the environment and each of the influencing factors are constructed, the coefficients of the Pearson pair correlation between the dependent variable and the influencing factors, as well as pairwise between the influencing factors, are calculated. The average approximation error for each regression equation is determined. A correlation matrix is constructed and a conclusion is made. The developed econometric model is implemented in the program of separate collection of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Moscow. The efficiency of the model of investment management in the environment is evaluated on the example of the growth of planned investments in the activities of companies specializing in the export and processing of solid waste.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Otto
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Early Christianity ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Philo Of Alexandria ◽  
Early Christian ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Text Production ◽  
Church Father ◽  
Intellectual Formation ◽  
The Relationship

Between the second and the sixteenth centuries CE, references to the Jewish exegete Philo of Alexandria occur exclusively in texts written by Christians. David T. Runia has described this phenomenon as the adoption of Philo by Christians as an “honorary Church Father.” Drawing on the work of Jonathan Z. Smith and recent investigations of the “Parting of the Ways” of early Christianity and Judaism, this study argues that early Christian invocations of Philo reveal ongoing efforts to define the relationship between Jewishness and Christianness, their areas of overlap and points of divergence. The introduction situates invocations of Philo within the wider context of early Christian writing about Jews and Jewishness. It considers how Philo and his early Christian readers participated in the larger world of Greco-Roman philosophical schools, text production, and the ethical and intellectual formation (paideia) of elite young men in the Roman Empire.

Role of burnout on job level, job satisfaction, and task performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 630-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won Ho Kim ◽  
Young-An Ra ◽  
Jong Gyu Park ◽  
Bora Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Level ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of burnout (i.e. exhaustion, cynicism, professional inefficacy) in the relationship between job level and job satisfaction as well as between job level and task performance. Design/methodology/approach The final sample included 342 Korean workers from selected companies. The authors employed the Hayes (2013) PROCESS tool for analyzing the data. Findings The results showed that all three subscales of burnout (i.e. exhaustion, cynicism, professional inefficacy) mediate the relationship between job level and job satisfaction. However, only two mediators (i.e. cynicism, professional inefficacy) indicated the mediating effects on the association between job level and task performance. Originality/value This research presented the role of burnout on the relationships between job level, job satisfaction, and task performance especially in South Korean organizational context. In addition to role of burnout, findings should prove helpful in improving job satisfaction and task performance. The authors provide implications and limitations of the findings.

scholarly journals Sodium Metasilicate Cemented Analogue Material and Its Mechanical Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Yue ◽  
Yanyu Qiu ◽  
Pengxian Fan ◽  
Pin Zhang ◽  
Ning Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Sodium Metasilicate ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments ◽  
Low Modulus ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Relationship

Analogue material with appropriate properties is of great importance to the reliability of geomechanical model test, which is one of the mostly used approaches in field of geotechnical research. In this paper, a new type of analogue material is developed, which is composed of coarse aggregate (quartz sand and/or barite sand), fine aggregate (barite powder), and cementitious material (anhydrous sodium silicate). The components of each raw material are the key influencing factors, which significantly affect the physical and mechanical parameters of analogue materials. In order to establish the relationship between parameters and factors, the material properties including density, Young’s modulus, uniaxial compressive strength, and tensile strength were investigated by a series of orthogonal experiments with hundreds of samples. By orthogonal regression analysis, the regression equations of each parameter were obtained based on experimental data, which can predict the properties of the developed analogue materials according to proportions. The experiments and applications indicate that sodium metasilicate cemented analogue material is a type of low-strength and low-modulus material with designable density, which is insensitive to humidity and temperature and satisfies mechanical scaling criteria for weak rock or soft geological materials. Moreover, the developed material can be easily cast into structures with complex geometry shapes and simulate the deformation and failure processes of prototype rocks.

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