Residents’ attitudes toward tourism development at Al-Juhfa, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmad Algassim ◽  
Akhmad Saufi ◽  
Diswandi Diswandi ◽  
Noel Scott
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Residents Attitudes

Purpose Al-Juhfa is a small village located near Rabigh City, between Makkah and Madinah, Saudi Arabia, with significant archaeological and religious resources. The purpose of this paper is to examine residents’ attitudes toward tourism development at Al-Juhfa. Design/methodology/approach The qualitative study uses purposive interviewing to recruit informants. Data was collected using semi-structured interview and open-ended questions. Eight semi-structured interviews were made and a list of open-ended questions was distributed to 134 informants. All data were analysed and no new codes were found after the answer of the first 49 informants analysed. Findings The results show that residents’ attitudes toward tourism development in general were positive with residents expecting to receive economic, social and environmental benefits. Residents were aware of potential positive and negative impacts of tourism development and appeared to balance these in developing their attitudes. Tourism was seen to empower residents and the religiosity of the community influenced their perception of tourism development. Originality/value This study contributes to the literature by supporting the use of social exchange theory in this context and by recommending the inclusion of religiosity in further studies.

Structural equation modeling of residents' attitudes and tourism development: a SET based - study of the Kashmir region in India

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aasif Ali Bhat ◽  
Kakali Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation Modeling ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social

PurposeThe present study tries to develop a model that assesses the factors that determine support for tourism development by residents of the Kashmir region.Design/methodology/approachPrimary data have been collected (n = 650) from the residents of the top five tourist destinations through a pre-tested questionnaire by a multistage convenient sampling method. A model has been drafted and tested through the technique of structural equation modeling by applying the social exchange theory as a theoretical framework.FindingsThe results revealed that residents who perceived more benefits were more expected to support tourism development, and residents who perceive more costs were less expected to support tourism development, thus supporting the social exchange theory.Originality/valueThe results of this study are extremely useful for the local government and tourism institutions in the future planning of tourism development and also fill the vast gap in the tourism literature with a theoretical base.

The effect of ecotourism knowledge on residents' attitudes in Otavalo, Ecuador: the knowledge theory of attitude–behavior consistency

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Eun (Amelia) Yoon ◽  
Kyoung-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Cognitive Process ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Attitude Formation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Knowledge Theory ◽  
Behavior Consistency ◽  
Attitude Behavior ◽  
Residents Attitudes

PurposeResidents' supportive attitudes are essential for the successful development of ecotourism. Although existing literature has heavily relied on social exchange theory to explain residents' attitudes, this study explores a new theoretical direction by focusing on the cognitive process of residents' attitude formation. This study adopts the knowledge theory of attitude–behavior consistency that emphasizes the amount, relevance and complexity of ecotourism knowledge in shaping residents' positive attitudes toward tourism development in the regional community.Design/methodology/approachBased on a survey of 394 residents of Otavalo, Ecuador, this study confirmed the reliability and validity of measurements, used PLS-SEM for statistical analysis, and evaluated the effect of ecotourism knowledge on residents' attitudes toward ecotourism.FindingsUnder the control of community attachment and fair distribution of economic benefits supported by existing literature, this study finds that ecotourism knowledge has a positive and significant effect on residents' supportive attitudes toward tourism development.Research limitations/implicationsBy elucidating the cognitive process of residents' attitude formation and change, this paper shows the applicability of a knowledge-based theory to residents' attitudes toward tourism development, and offers practical implications for ecotourism policymakers and educational program developers.Originality/valueThis study adopts the knowledge theory of attitude–behavior consistency and shows the positive influence of ecotourism knowledge on residents' attitudes.

Residents' Perception and Their Support for Tourism Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 140-165
Author(s):  
Manuel Alector Ribeiro ◽  
Yo Han Kim ◽  
Kyle Maurice Woosnam
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Community Attachment ◽  
Development Data ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Negative Impacts

The purpose of this study is to examine residents' support for tourism development in South Korea by the lens of social exchange theory and theory of reasoned. Random sampling strategy was used to collect South Koreans residents' opinions about the perceived impacts of tourism and their level of support for tourism development. Data were collected online using a questionnaire a link was sent to residents in South Korean through several social media platforms, and 693 respondents answered the questionnaire. By using regression analysis, the findings showed that residents who perceive positive impacts of tourism more than negative impacts are more likely to support tourism, while those who perceive more negative impacts of tourism are less likely to support tourism. Both personal economic benefits and community attachment were found to be important determinants of residents' perception and support toward tourism. Both theoretical and managerial implications are discussed, as well as the limitations and recommendations for future studies.

Skilled migrant employees' perceptions of support from line managers

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 931-947
Author(s):  
Rosa Faaliyat ◽  
Keith Townsend ◽  
David Peetz ◽  
Susan Ressia
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Career Progression ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Diverse Workforce ◽  
Skilled Migrant

PurposeThis paper explores the experiences of non-English-speaking background (NESB) skilled employees working in Australian workplaces, their perceptions of managers' actions and how a lack of employee involvement and participation (EIP) practices and performance appraisal (PA) is perceived regarding career progression.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory research project is based on 26 semi-structured interviews with skilled migrant NESB employees based in Australia. Social exchange theory (SET) and labour market segmentation theory (LMST) are applied to help explain macro- and micro-level influences on NESB employees and their relationships with their line managers and the workforce.FindingsParticipants perceived line managers to be highly communicative and approachable; however, they indicated how a lack of EIP in decision-making and in their PA affected career progression opportunities for NESB employees. While they were satisfied overall with their jobs, the research indicated a need for improved practices and support from the broader organisation in these two identified areas.Originality/valueThere is relatively little research on how the challenges of an increasingly diverse workforce are managed, particularly from NESB employees' perspective. Therefore, this research fills a gap concerning NESB employees' experience in Australian organisations.

Perceptions of tourism-related non-governmental organization (NGO) managers in Antalya

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Akbulut ◽  
Yakin Ekin
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Governmental Organization ◽  
Group Interviews

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of tourism-related non-governmental organization (NGO) managers on overtourism trends in Antalya, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Focus group study was implemented and three focus group interviews were undertaken with 34 NGO managers in total as a sample. The population of the research consisted of 65 tourism-related NGO managers in Antalya. Findings The results of the research reveal that Antalya was perceived as neither in a tourism development stage nor afflicted by overtourism by NGO managers. NGOs are one of the major stakeholders in the tourism industry, and hence their perceptions of overtourism would probably be the stimulating force for further sustainable development in the destination. Research limitations/implications The limitation is that the research was realized voluntarily by 34 NGOs in Antalya. It would have been better to have more volunteer respondents. Practical implications The viewpoints of stakeholders about their perceptions of tourism development in Antalya would be a helpful next step to refer back to practitioners so as to develop further strategic plans from their perspectives. Social implications As social exchange theory states, communities benefiting from tourism development will support further improvement in tourism. Hence, in their role as spokespersons for the community, the perceptions of NGOs will influence decision-makers to draw implications from the study for wider consideration. Originality/value As a consequence, a model was proposed according to the results of the research. The findings of the research paper highlight the evolution of high-flow tourism in the destination.

Tourism development progress of two islands of Malaysia

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-548
Author(s):  
Diana Mohamad ◽  
Azizi Bahauddin ◽  
Badaruddin Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Tourism Impacts ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Greenhouse Effects ◽  
Physical Impact ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to look at the physical tourism impacts experienced by the communities of Redang Island and Perhentian Island – two tourist islands located close to the coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The physical tourism impacts are examined via environmental and infrastructure related attributes (19 attributes), which are further categorized into sustainability, environment, greenhouse effects, public and tourist facilities maintenance, sewage system management, rural areas and deforestation. All of these indicators indirectly measure the impact of climate change in these island destinations. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a questionnaire survey with an instrument based on prior work by Ap and Cromptom (1998) with regard to air pollution, deforestation and land fertility; Tetlow and Hanusch (2012) in relation to biodiversity; Sunlu (2003) in line with greenhouse effects, water quality, natural landscape and solid waste; and Cessford and Dingwall (1999), corresponding to physical impacts. Findings Results for Perhentian Island indicate serious physical impacts resulting from tourism development, compared with less serious impacts on Redang Island. Both islands were observed to experience tourism development progress that is well-blended with their natural environment, and the level of physical impact dependency on tourism development can be assessed using the environmental and infrastructure variables. Research limitations/implications While the paper reports on findings from both Perhentian and Redang Islands, results from this paper could well represent other communities in many other Malaysian island locations (or perhaps the wider region), facing a similar phenomenon. Originality/value The paper contributes to an understanding of how to investigate each variable independently, as each island is undergoing a different lifecycle phase, regardless of the fact that some islands may be mirroring each other. In addition, the paper envisages the importance of integrating social exchange theory and integrated threat theory, when it comes to evaluating how people judge the consequences of their actions.

scholarly journals RESIDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD SUPPORT FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alawi Al-sakkaf ◽  
Zurina Mohaidin ◽  
Yulita Hanum Iskandar
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Perspective Drawing ◽  
Vision 2030 ◽  
The Impact

Tourism in Saudi Arabia is rich with historical, archaeological, and cultural heritage sites all over the country. Recently, it is noticeable that Vision 2030 of Saudi Arabia asserts the importance of investment in the tourism industry as one of the most promising industries for the long-term to decrease the dependency of oil-exporting as income’s resource. Nonetheless, there are a number of opportunities and threats to develop the tourism sector. However, tourism development needs support from local communities to achieve the goal of Vision 2030. Hence, the purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of tourism namely, socio-cultural, economic, and environment on the support for tourism development from local resident’s perspective. Drawing upon the lenses of social exchange theory, the theoretical framework has been developed for further investigation. To assess the developed model, data will be collected from residents who live in three tourism destinations cities namely, Riyadh, Jeddah, and Dammam using a self-administered questionnaire.

scholarly journals Perceptions of tourism: a study of residents' attitudes towards tourism in the city of Girona

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sira Vidal Rua
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
Tourism Destinations ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
The City ◽  
Residents Attitudes

Purpose Socio-cultural impacts of tourism have been widely researched within a social exchange theoretical framework, yet it seems that this theory could be neglecting those more emotional elements, which at the same time could be considered key to understand how tourism affects the society. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to look at the social exchange theory (SET) from a different perspective and focus on those less rational influencing factors that could be shaping residents’ attitudes towards tourism. Design/methodology/approach Based on six main constructs, a quantitative survey-based research is developed in the small city of Girona with the purpose to broaden the versality of the theory, with the support of in-depth exploratory interviews. Thus, an exhaustive study of the influences that attachment to communities, involvement in the tourism industry and personal benefits derived from tourism could have on residents’ perceptions is developed. Findings This paper suggests that those smaller tourism destinations might mirror themselves in those close big tourism destinations and thus residents’ opinions and attitudes seem to be influenced by the situations lived in these larger tourism destinations. Moreover, this paper stresses on the importance of interactions and relationships between tourists and residents to boost personal benefits from tourism. Finally, results show how those attached citizens tend to support tourism development, which could be explained by the proudness they feel when others value what for them is home. Originality/value This paper contributes to the current understanding of attitudes towards tourism within the SET framework, especially relating to covering those more emotional elements of social interactions. Moreover, there seems to be a gap in current research relating to small urban destinations that is aimed to be covered in this research.

scholarly journals Line managers' perceptions of diversity management: insights from a social exchange theory perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanos Nachmias ◽  
Fotios Mitsakis ◽  
Eleni Aravopoulou ◽  
Christopher J. Rees ◽  
Amairisa Kouki
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Exchange Theory ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Line Managers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Influence Line

PurposeDrawing on the social exchange theory, this study aims to explore line managers' perceptions of diversity management, as well as their perceptions of their role and responsibilities in shaping and implementing diversity practices. The senior management's leadership support, as it is perceived by line managers, in assisting them to manage diversity successfully is also examined.Design/methodology/approachSemi-structured interviews with 51 line managers across different sectors in the UK were conducted to address the following three research questions. First, how do line managers perceive diversity management? Second, what are the actual roles and responsibilities of line managers in shaping diversity practices' implementation? Third, how do leadership interactions within the organisation influence line managers' perceptions of diversity practices?FindingsLine managers present high levels of personal determination and commitment towards diversity supplemented by a consensus on the strategic role of leadership in relation to diversity management. In addition, poor levels of organisational support, leadership values and style are identified; all highly related to their ability to deliver results and, most importantly, to form effective relationships in the workplace.Research limitations/implicationsData included line managers' views but not senior managers' perspectives, thus limiting the study in identifying the holistic impact of social exchanges in shaping effective relations. In addition, quantitative research could test and enhance the generalisability of existing findings.Practical implicationsInvesting in social relationships can positively influence line managers' ability to deliver results. Action is required at the organisational level by senior management to support and recognise line managers' critical roles to enable them to apply and promote diversity management.Originality/valueThese findings address a theoretical gap relating to the evaluation of the critical role played by line managers in the delivery of diversity practices. The study further demonstrates how social exchange relationships can influence line managers' perceptions of diversity management, an unexplored area within the diversity literature.

scholarly journals Residents’ attitudes to tourism: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arghavan Hadinejad ◽  
Brent D. Moyle ◽  
Noel Scott ◽  
Anna Kralj ◽  
Robin Nunkoo
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Social Exchange Theory ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Spillover Theory ◽  
Residents Attitudes

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore recent trends in the theories and methods applied to studies on residents’ attitudes.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the objective of this research, this paper provides a review of 90 journal articles on residents’ attitudes towards tourism published between 2011 and 2017. The relevant articles were then analysed using content analysis.FindingsKey findings revealed that although social exchange theory is still dominant in exploring residents’ attitudes towards tourism, new frameworks are beginning to emerge such as institutional theory and bottom-up spillover theory. Nonetheless, alternative theoretical perspective has only been applied once or twice and requires further engagement. Quantitative methods still dominate the field, with the geographic dispersal of studies spanning 33 countries.Research limitations/implicationsA potential limitation of this review is that articles published only in four leading tourism journals, namely,ATR,JTR,TMandJOST, were analysed.Originality/valueThis review contributes to the literature in tourism by assessing the shift in the application of theory and methodological approaches in residents’ attitudes studies from previous systematic reviews. This study adds to the body of knowledge by providing an overview of the existing status of research on residents’ attitudes towards tourism, providing direction for future scholarly inquiry. A further contribution of this review is an indication of not only the data collection methods but also data analysis techniques which have not been done in previous review articles on residents’ attitudes towards tourism. As opposed to other systematic reviews, this paper assessed the geographical setting of studies on residents’ attitudes towards tourism.

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