Resistance to cast iron seizure determined by the technological condition of the surface layer

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Laber
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Technological Condition ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Surface Curve

Purpose – The aim of this study was to evaluate a surface layer of the condition resistance to seizure. The surface layer was shaped in the processing grinding and burnishing. Design/methodology/approach – The resistance to seizure tests were carried out on a test station specially designed by the author. It is possible to simultaneously test the same two pairs of pivot–pan kinematic pairs on this station. Moreover, the time, route and the temperature of the friction area were registered. The time of sliding group operation from the moment when a lubricant is no longer added to the friction pair to the moment the sliding group reaches the critical temperature T = 418 K (145°C) is taken as a seizure indicator. Findings – The structure and state of the surface layer have an influence on the seizure of the surface of cooperating elements. Greater resistance to the seizure of the burnished surface in comparison to the ground surface is associated with differences in the state of the surface layer. The burnished surface has a smaller surface roughness and a higher value of the bearing surface curve, and the compressive stress occurs more often in the surface layer. Originality/value – There have been no studies on the effects of burnishing machining and grinding of cast iron in resistance to seizure.

Sensor e-textiles: person centered co-design for people with late stage dementia

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy Treadaway ◽  
Gail Kenning
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Grounded Practical Theory ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present design research investigating the development of sensory textiles with embedded electronics to support the wellbeing of people with late stage dementia in residential care. Design/methodology/approach – The research presented is qualitative and uses a mixed method approach informed by grounded practical theory and positive design methodologies. It uses an inclusive and participatory co-design process involving people with dementia and their families with an interdisciplinary team of experts. Findings – Both the co-design process and the artefacts developed have been beneficial in supporting wellbeing. The textile artefacts have been found to soothe, distract and comfort people with dementia. They have also been shown to facilitate in the moment conversational bridges between family members and carers with persons with dementia. Research limitations/implications – The findings are based on a small cohort of participants, observational reports and descriptive accounts from family members and carers. Practical implications – The paper proposes ways in which simple hand-crafted textiles can be used beneficially to support the wellbeing of people with late stage dementia. It provides examples of how technology can be used to personalise and extend the sensory properties of the artefacts created. Social implications – It promotes an inclusive co-design methodology involving care professionals, carers and people with dementia with designers and technologists. Originality/value – The paper describes new ways of extending sensory properties of textiles through the integration of technology.

Identification of asset life cycle stage: case study in heavy-duty truck fleet

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oscar Daniel Rivera Baena ◽  
Maria Valentina Clavijo Mesa ◽  
Carmen Elena Patino Rodriguez ◽  
Fernando Jesus Guevara Carazas
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Life Cycle Stage ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Operational Decision Making ◽  
The Moment

PurposeThis paper aims to determine the stage of the life cycle where the trucks of a waste collection fleet from a Colombian city are located through a reliability approach. The reliability analysis and the evaluation of curve of operational costs allow to know the moment in which it is necessary to make decisions regarding an asset, its maintenance or possible replacement.Design/methodology/approachFor a dataset presented as maintenance work orders, the time to failures (TTFs) for each vehicle in the fleet were calculated. Then, a probability density function for those TTFs was fitted to locate each vehicle in a region of the bathtub curve and to calculate the reliability of the whole fleet. A general functional analysis was also developed to understand the function of the vehicles.FindingsIt was possible to determine that the largest proportion of the fleet was in the final stage of the life cycle, in this sense, the entire fleet represent critical assets which in most of cases could be worth replacement or overhaul.Originality/valueIn this study, an address is exposed for the identification of critical equipment by reliability and statistical analysis. This analysis is also integrated with the maintenance management process. This is a broadly interested topic since it allows to support the maintenance and operational decision-making process, indicating the focus of resource allocation all over the entire asset life cycle.

Reimagining leadership – and its relationship with management – for the public sector

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-111
Author(s):  
Don Dunoon
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Distinct Form ◽  
Dominant Form ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and critique three conventional assumptions about leadership and put forward an alternative framing, with leadership presented as a distinct form of intervention in particular moments to management. The paper also presents a structure for supporting leadership action by individuals and groups as an alternate to management action, which is seen as the dominant form. Design/methodology/approach Reflects an elaboration and distillation of concepts developed by the author since an earlier paper on essentially the same topic, drawing on his 20-plus years’ experience as a leadership developer. Findings Although not an empirical account, the paper seeks to demonstrate how, when conventional but infrequently challenged assumptions about leadership are “peeled back”, a new way of understanding leadership, especially in connection with management, is revealed. Research limitations/implications Suggestions are offered as to how the concepts and tools presented here could be evaluated, including in comparison with established leadership frameworks. Practical implications Outlines three practices for supporting leadership action in public sector organisations. These practices are working from observation, attributing reasonableness (allowing that others are reasonable) and speaking with authenticity. Collectively, these are known as the OBREAU Tripod (with “OBREAU” comprised of the first two letters in each of the pivotal words, observation, reasonableness and authenticity). Originality/value Conceiving of leadership as a different form of in-the-moment action to management in a public sector context is a distinctive contribution to the literature.

Six Sigma to distinguish patterns in COVID-19 approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Willem Salentijn ◽  
Jiju Antony ◽  
Jacqueline Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Six Sigma ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
National Data ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Data Registration ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Causes ◽  
Cross National

PurposeCOVID-19 has changed life as we know. Data are scarce and necessary for making decisions on fighting COVID-19. The purpose of this paper is to apply Six Sigma techniques on the current COVID-19 pandemic to distinguish between special cause and common cause variation. In the DMAIC structure, different approaches applied in three countries are compared.Design/methodology/approachFor three countries the mortality is compared to the population to distinguish between special cause variation and common cause variation. This variation and the patterns in it are assessed to the countries' different approaches to COVID-19.FindingsIn the DMAIC problem-solving approach, patterns in the data are distinguished. The special cause variation is assessed to the special causes and approaches. The moment on which measures were taken has been essential, as well as policies on testing and distancing.Research limitations/implicationsCross-national data comparisons are a challenge as countries have different moments on which they register data on their population. Furthermore, different intervals are taken, varying from registering weekly to registering yearly. For the research, three countries with similar data registration and different approaches in fighting COVID-19 were taken.Originality/valueThis is the first study with Master Black Belts from different countries on the application of Six Sigma techniques and the DMAIC from the viewpoint of special cause variation on COVID-19.

Causality in qualitative market and social research

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-413
Author(s):  
Clive Roland Boddy
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Pragmatic Approach ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Academic qualitative researchers have been criticized for rejecting the idea that their research can establish causality while market and social researchers, with their realist and pragmatic approach to research, take for granted that it can. This paper aims to explore the ability of qualitative research to determine cause and effect in terms of market and social phenomena. Design/methodology/approach The literature on causality in qualitative research is reviewed and discussed. The discussion is further informed by the author’s own experience of undertaking commercial and academic market and social qualitative research over the past 33 years. Findings In qualitative market and social research, the determination of causality is often needed but rarely discussed. This paper explores this occurrence and brings to the fore, via discussion and the use of example, the ways in which causality can be determined by qualitative research. Practical implications A determination of what events bring about predictable changes in social and market environments can be established via qualitative research particularly at a probabilistic level of causality. This implies that policymakers should give a greater emphasis to qualitative findings than then sometimes do at the moment. Originality/value Causality in market and social research is rarely discussed by practitioners but is nevertheless a premise of much of the qualitative research that is undertaken. This paper is therefore distinctive in that it examines whether this premise is justifiable.

Bounded becoming: insights from understanding projects in situation

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Sergi
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Process Ontology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Software Development Project ◽  
Specific Practice ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Over Time

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to suggest a situated conception of projects, in order develop finer understanding of how these endeavors emerge and unfold over time. The author proposes that these understandings should be rooted in a process ontology, conceive action as situated and focus on actual practices as they are performed by all project actors. Taken together, these dimensions can renew how one views and approaches projects and their management.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is illustrated with examples taken out of a study of a software development project, conducted in the ethnographic tradition.FindingsThe examples expose how a specific practice, planning, was accomplished differently depending on the moment and was affected by different circumstances and constraints. The paper also discusses how preferring a processual worldview is especially befitting projects. As endeavors instigated to create or to make something happen, projects are perpetually changing and in movement; it is therefore relevant that their conceptualization takes fully into consideration their intimate nature.Originality/valueThe originality and value of the paper lie in the combination of perspectives, which can be both useful in theorizing projects differently, and in enhancing practitioners' reflexivity. This combination, it is argued, can address a wide array of issues in the context of projects, can favor localized reflection on project management prescriptions and tools, and can help practitioners to sharpen their sensitivity to their own practice.

The effects of prior affect and sensory stimuli on motorsport spectators’ in-the-moment experiences

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-soo Chung ◽  
Dong Soo Ryu ◽  
Seunghwan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Sport Organizations ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Formula One ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Prior Event

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide meaningful information to sport organizations that have just recently started hosting sporting events in a new market and want to build long-term relationships with that market’s consumers. Design/methodology/approach Using self-administered questionnaires, the study surveys 463 spectators who attended the 2012 Formula One Korean Grand Prix. Findings Prior affect and existing sensory cues are crucial for spectators’ consumption behavior. Spectators’ prior event attendance plays a significant role on perceiving sensory stimuli as well as on consequent outcomes. This study also finds arousal significantly affected by seeing and hearing and prior affect. Arousal mediates the effects of these sensory stimuli and prior affect on satisfaction and revisit intention. Originality/value This study expands the knowledge on spectators’ experience at live sporting events. In addition, more dimensions of the mechanisms that are at work between cognitive elements and sensory stimuli are added to the existing knowledge of sport spectators’ behavior.

The problems of resistance to scuffing of heavily loaded lubricated friction joints with WC/C-coated parts

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remigiusz Michalczewski ◽  
Witold Piekoszewski ◽  
Waldemar Tuszynski ◽  
Marian Szczerek
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Solid Lubricant ◽  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Low Friction ◽  
Friction Zone ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Steel Coating ◽  
Uncoated Steel ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to explore the mechanisms of scuffing propagation of heavily loaded lubricated friction pair elements coated with low-friction WC/C coating for various material combinations. Design/methodology/approach – The investigations were performed for low-friction coatings WC/C (a-C:H:W) deposited by the reactive sputtering physical vapour deposition (PVD) process. Experiments were carried out using a four-ball tester with continuously increasing loads. Tests were conducted for the following four material combinations: steel/steel tribosystem (all balls uncoated); steel/coating tribosystem (one upper ball uncoated/three lower balls WC/C-coated); coating/steel tribosystem (one upper ball WC/C-coated/three lower balls uncoated); and coating/coating tribosystem (all balls WC/C-coated). Findings – The better scuffing resistance is achieved by coating only one element (coating/steel tribosystem) than all elements (coating/coating tribosystem). The description of scuffing propagation for all investigated tribosystems was done. The high scuffing resistance of the coating/steel tribosystem resulted from reducing the adhesion between rubbing surfaces due to low chemical affinity (similarities) between the steel and the coating material and the presence of solid lubricant in the friction zone. Practical implications – In all cases, when a coating is applied, an increase in scuffing resistance is observed. However, it is better to coat only one element than all. Furthermore, the scuffing resistance for the coating/steel tribosystem is significantly higher than for the steel/coating tribosystem. Originality/value – The main value of this paper is description of scuffing propagation and revealing the new aspects in application of low-friction WC/C coating for heavily loaded lubricated friction pair elements. The overlapping ratio has been defined as an important factor influencing the scuffing resistance of the coated tribosystems.

A dialogic account of reader–text interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis S. Davis ◽  
Dot McElhone ◽  
F. Blake Tenore
Keyword(s):  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Meaning Making ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Moment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a conceptualization of reading comprehension that extends beyond the traditional cognitive viewpoint on comprehension common in the field. Design/methodology/approach – Drawing on literature and theory from various perspectives (cognitive, sociocultural and critical), the authors propose a conceptual heuristic that can inform future scholarship. Findings – Using four foundational principles of reader–text interactions as a starting point (non-neutrality, tethered polysemy, variable agency and unruliness), the authors describe reader–text interactions in terms of the tethers/resources that are brought into the interaction, the moment-to-moment improvisation that occurs when readers meet a text and the changes at the intra- and interpersonal levels that result from and influence future reader–text interactions. Originality/value – The conceptualization can inform future research and practice in literacy by situating meaning making within a broader understanding of the processes and consequences of textual interaction.

Effect of the bionic morphologies on bio-tribological properties of surface-modified layers on Ti6Al4V with Ni+/N+ implantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
Ti6al4v Alloy ◽  
Implantation Technique ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tribological Tests ◽  
Surface Modified

Purpose The main purpose of this study is to enhance bio-tribological properties of Ti6Al4V and the surface-modified layers of Ni+/N+-implanted Ti6Al4V alloy, bionic texturing was done on Ti6Al4V surface. Design/methodology/approach The phase compositions and nano-hardness of the surface-modified layers of the samples have been analyzed by X-ray diffractometer and Nano Indenter, respectively. This paper has conducted bio-tribological tests under artificial saliva, sodium hyalurate and sodium hyalurate +γ-globulin by micro tribology multifunction tribometer, with ZrO2 ball/modified layer as the friction pair. S-3000N scanning electron microscope has been used to analyze the morphology of the surface-modified layers and scratches of the ones after the bio-tribological tests. Findings The results show that the surface-modified layers were mainly composed of Ti2Ni and Ti2N. Moreover, bionic texturing can obviously increase the contents of Ti2Ni and Ti2N that were formed on the surface of Ni+/N+-implanted Ti6Al4V alloy, and enhance the nano-hardness of the surface-modified layers. It could also reduce the friction coefficients of the surface-modified layers, and render the modified layers more wear-resistant. Originality/value The surface bio-tribological properties of Ti6Al4V have been enhanced by ion implantation technique and bionic texturing in this paper; this provided a new method for the research of related fields.

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