Using polaroid zinc oxide nanocomposites in strengthening a historical printed paper: application to “Annales Agricoles” – 1829 AD

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-375
Author(s):  
Rushdya Rabee Ali Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Reflectance Analysis ◽  
Nano Zinc

Purpose What is the behavior of nano-polaroid in strengthening weak paper? What is the effect of adding nano-zinc oxide to nano-polaroid? This paper aims to answer these questions. Design/methodology/approach A number of weak historical papers dating back to 1829 AD were treated with 2% of nano-polaroid and polaroid zinc oxide nanocomposites, respectively. After dryness, the samples were subjected to ultraviolet–ozone accelerated aging. Then, the effectiveness of the treatment was defined using the mechanical properties measurement, pH measurement, the chromatic change, scanning electron microscope investigation of the fibers surface and attenuated total reflectance analysis. Findings Results revealed that N-polaroid strengthened the fiber surface without reducing the gloss of ink. With the loading of nano-zinc particles onto N-polaroid, the strengthening effect increased, especially after the aging processes where the tensile and elongation values reached the highest value. Not only this but also the nano-polaroid coated with ZnO NPs reduced the color change and yellowness during aging, where the ΔE value reached to 3.3 (an acceptable degree of change, not monitored by the naked eye). The acidity of the treated paper also decreased significantly after the treatment and the aging. The microscopic images detected the improvement of the fibers’ structure where the fibers were swollen by the absorption of nanocomposites, which can be attributed to ZnO (NPs) that decreased the contact angle between the cellulose and the N-polaroid, which helped in filling the primary cells of fibers. Originality/value The study addressed the reinforcement of the printed paper samples using nano-polaroid and ZnO polaroid nanocomposites.

scholarly journals The Root Endophytic Fungus Serendipita indica Decreased the Phytotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles to Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Tabande ◽  
Mozhgan Sepehri ◽  
Jafar Yasrebi ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Reza Ghasemi-Fasaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Sinorhizobium Meliloti ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are among the most commonly used nano-fertilizers (NF). However, elevated levels of ZnO-NPs in soil may affect plant growth and development due to its potential toxicity when accumulated in large amounts in plant tissues. This research was conducted using an in situ rhizobox system with the aims of evaluating Zinc uptake from nano-zinc oxide amended rhizosphere soil by alfalfa plant and the effect of plant growth promoting microorganisms on alleviating the phytotoxicity of ZnO-NPs. Treatments included microbial inoculations (Sinorhizobium meliloti, Serendipita indica) and different ZnO-NPs concentrations (0, 400 and 800 mg Kg− 1) with three replications. The results indicated that S. indica minimized the phytotoxicity of ZnO-NPs to alfalfa by enhancing growth rate and decreasing Zinc (Zn) translocation from root to shoot. Compared with plants inoculated with S. meliloti, co-inoculation with S. indica increased the shoot dry weight by 18.33% and 8.05% at 400 and 800 mg Kg− 1ZnO-NPs. However, at the highest level of ZnO-NPs (800 mg kg− 1), root inoculation of S. indica and S. indica + S. meliloti decreased Zn transfer factor by 60.2% and 44.3% compared to S. meliloti, respectively. Furthermore, a distinct relation between tolerance of S. indica-colonized plant to ZnO-NPs and the ability of S. indica in inhibiting or retarding degradation of polyunsaturated lipids through prevention of excess reactive oxygen species formation was observed. Malondialdehyde content of inoculated plants with S. indica either alone or in combination with S. meliloti was significantly lower than non-inoculated plants (p < 0.01). Zn-induced oxidative stress was mitigated by S. indica through enhanced activities of catalase and peroxidase enzymes. The findings of the present study indicate the potential use of endophytes fungus S. indica for ensuring food safety and security, and human health in heavy metal–polluted soil by reducing the phytoavailability of heavy metals in the aerial parts of the host plants.

scholarly journals Comparative Inhibition Study by Nanomaterial, Plant Extract and Chemical Microcide on the Screaming Mummy in Egyptian Museum Store

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2481-2493
Author(s):  
Sahar Ismael ◽  
Ali Omar ◽  
Manal Maher
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Rhizopus Oryzae ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Microbial Infection ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nano Zinc

Mummies in museums are exposed to different deterioration factors like microorganisms, especially unwrapped mummies, such as the screaming mummy. This screaming mummy in the store of the Egyptian museum is suffering from stains due to microbial infection. There are three trends of materials to inhibit microbial growth: nano materials, plant extraction and chemical materials. This research compares three materials representing the three trends such as nano zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), Ceratophyllum demersum and 4-chloro-m-cresol, respectively. Microorganisms, isolated from the degraded mummy, were identified with an optical microscope and ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) analysis to guarantee identification accuracy. Results indicated that the bacteria in the mummy are Bacillus jeotgali, Kocuria turfanensis, Microbacterium imperial, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus megaterium. Fungi are Monascus pallens and Rhizopus oryzae. The results of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) illustrated that the best concentrations for the bio treatment of isolated microorganisms is plant extract (Ceratophyllum demersum) at 600 ppm/100 mL, followed by 4-chloro-m-cresol at 600 ppm/100 mL and finally nano zinc oxide at 700 ppm/100 mL.

Effect of nano zinc oxide on proliferation and toxicity of human gingival cells

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110580
Author(s):  
Fang-Chuan Chen ◽  
Cong-Ming Huang ◽  
Xiao-Wan Yu ◽  
Ya-Yu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Human Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
Gingival Fibroblast ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
P53 Expression ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Gingival Cells ◽  
Nano Zinc

Background Periodontal dressing is used to cover the gum surface and protect the wound after periodontal surgery. Nanomaterials have been widely applied in dentistry in recent years. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the main components of periodontal dressing. Aim This study aims to explore the toxicity ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) causes to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGF-1) and its effect on cell proliferation. Methods First, we identified and analyzed HGF-1, including cell morphology, growth curve, and immunohistochemistry staining. Then, we treated HGF-1 with ZnO NP. Cell viability, the integrity of the cell membrane, oxidative damage, and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay, fluorescent probe, and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the expression of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p53 was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. We finally overexpressed MDM2 in HGF-1 to verify the relationship between MDM2 and cell proliferation. Results Our research indicated ZnO NPs did not affect cell proliferation at low concentrations. However, high-concentration ZnO NP inhibited cell proliferation, destroyed the integrity of cell membranes, and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In addition, high concentration of ZnO NPs inhibited the proliferation of HGF-1 by regulating the expression of MDM2 and p53. Conclusion High concentration of ZnO NP caused toxicity to HGF-1 cells and inhibited cell proliferation by regulating MDM2 and p53 expression.

Effect of In Situ Surface Modificated Nano-Zinc Oxide on the Curing Structure and Property of Natural Rubber Conventional Vulcanization

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1757-1760
Author(s):  
Yue Hui Chen ◽  
Li Deng ◽  
Zhong Biao Man ◽  
Miao Yang
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Structure And Property ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Aging Property ◽  
Nano Zinc

In-situ surface modificated nano-zinc oxide was prepared in sol-gel method and the microscopic structure of the zinc oxide particles was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The influence of the nano-zinc oxide on the physical properties of NR vulcanizates was investigated, and the vulcanizates heat-resistant oxygen aging property was studied by the hot air accelerated aging method. Therefore, not only can the strength and elongation properties of vulcanizates greatly be improved, but aslo the heat oxygen aging property of vulcanizate rubber was extremely promoted.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF BULK AND NANO-ZINC OXIDE ON GROWTH OF CICER ARIETRIUM (CHICKPEAS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Shilpa Shilpa ◽  
Sushmita Kushwaha ◽  
Shweta Pathania ◽  
Divya Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Control Seed ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nano Zinc ◽  
The Impact

INTRODUCTION: Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) exhibit remarkable optical, physical, and antimicrobial properties and therefore have great potential to enhance agriculture. But the use of these NPs leads to their discharge and accumulation in the environment affecting both plant and animals systems, which emphasizes to study the toxicity of both bulk and NPs. AIM: The present study is aimed at investigating the impact of ZnO-NPs and ZnO bulk particles on chickpeas. METHOD: Two parameters were examined in this study: seed germination percentage and shoot length. Different concentration (250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L) of ZnO-NPs and ZnO bulk particles were prepared in distilled water and used for the treatment in chickpeas. RESULT: The study showed that the use of the ZnO-NPs and ZnO bulk particles both can reduce the seed germination and shoot length under controlled condition in comparison with control seed. With increase in the concentration from 250mg/L>500mg/L >1000mg/L >2000mg/L the shoot length decreases CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the ZnO-NPs affect the physiological expression of plant. It was found to stunt shoot length.

scholarly journals Curbing the Growth of Wax Bean (Vigna unguiculata L.) via a Novel Complex of Nano Zinc Oxide/Vermicompost

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 456-460
Author(s):  
Farideh BEHBOUDI ◽  
Iraj ALLAHDAAI ◽  
Ebrahim Mohammadi GOLTAPEH ◽  
Ali Mohammad Modares SANAVI ◽  
Marjan Najafi DISFANI
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nano Zinc ◽  
Substrate Types

Vermicompost (VC) samples were prepared from manure and spent mushroom compost (SMC) and were impregnated with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), giving ZnO NPs/VC complexes that were added into the soil in which wax beans (Vigna unguiculata L.) were then planted. The study was carried out through a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three factors. The experimental factors included: ZnO NPs (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mg kg-1), two substrate types (cow manure and SMC) and VC (2.5, 5 and 7.5 weight percentages). To the substrate types, adult earthworms (Eisenia fetida) were added. Specifically, after three months, the prepared VC was soaked in ZnO NPs solutions, mixed with soil (according to cultivation substrate weight), then employed in wet plantation of wax beans. The obtained results showed that with increasing ZnO NPs, leaves’ chlorophyll, grains number per pod, stem length, hundred grains weight, grain yield, and the grain protein content significantly decreased. In general, the usage of these NPs in the applied amounts could curb the undesired growth of this species.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Nanocomposite Films Against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Khaled Saif-Aldin ◽  
Sahar Al-Hariri ◽  
Adnan Nizam ◽  
Obaida Alhajali
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nano Zinc

In this research, nanocomposites consisting of a mixture of linear low-density polyethylene polymer (LLDPE) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) were prepared. The films of the composite material were formed with five weight ratios (0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5wt%) in addition to pure LLDPE, intended to investigate the role of nanomaterials in improving the performance of some properties of LLDPE polymer such as increasing the shelf life of food products and protecting the consumer from pathogenic germs in food packaging applications. The efficacy was evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, through the standard "ISO 22196". The test results confirm that the nanocomposite films containing 0.5wt% or more of nano-zinc oxide have bacteriostatic activity. This activity increases with the increase of ZnO-NPs in the LLDPE polymeric phase, and the highest antibacterial effect was in the nanocomposite films of 5wt%. It was found that gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to ZnO-NPs than gram-negative bacteria and that these nanocomposite films can provide a safe way to preserve food without the need for food processing.

scholarly journals Combined Supplementation of Nano-Zinc Oxide and Thyme Oil Improves the Nutrient Digestibility and Reproductive Fertility in the Male Californian Rabbits

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2234
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. A. Abdel-Wareth ◽  
Mohammed Ali Al-Kahtani ◽  
Khalid Mushabab Alsyaad ◽  
Fatma Mohsen Shalaby ◽  
Islam M. Saadeldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Thyme Oil ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Combined Supplementation ◽  
Nano Zinc ◽  
Kidney Functions

The present study aimed to determine the effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), thyme oil (THO), or their combination on the nutrient digestibility coefficients, reproductive parameters, and some blood metabolites of male Californian rabbits. One hundred rabbits, 29-weeks of age (initial body weight 3.48 ± 0.08 kg) were randomly distributed into four groups, 25 rabbits each. Treatment groups were fed a control diet, a control diet supplemented with ZnO-NPs (100 mg/kg), THO (500 mg/kg), or combination of ZnO-NPs (100 mg/kg) and THO (500 mg/kg). The feeding trial lasted for 35 days. Results showed improvements in dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and crude fiber in ZnO-NPs, THO, and their combination treated groups compared to those of control. Furthermore, semen volume, sperm motility, vitality, and morphology were significantly improved (p < 0.01) in ZnO-NPs and THO groups rather than the control. Both ZnO-NPs and THO, as either individual or combined treatments significantly improved the serum alanine amino-transferase (ALT), aspartate amino-transferase (AST), urea, and creatinine compared to the control. Moreover, serum concentrations of testosterone were significantly increased in rabbits supplemented with ZnO-NPs, THO, or their combination compared to those of control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, ZnO-NPs, THO, or their combination improved the digestibility of nutrients, liver/ kidney functions, semen characteristics, and testosterone concentration in male rabbits.

scholarly journals The Effect of Nano Zinc Oxide Particles on Color Stability of MDX4-4210 Silicone Prostheses

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 525-532
Author(s):  
Dittaya Charoenkijkajorn ◽  
Sasiwimol Sanohkan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Artificial Aging ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Silicone Elastomer ◽  
Aging Period ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Zinc Oxide Particles ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract Objective This article aimed to study the effect of different concentrations of nano zinc oxide particles on the color change of MDX4–4210 facial silicone elastomer after artificial aging. Materials and Methods Silicone specimens (N = 150) were fabricated by incorporating intrinsic pigments and divided into three groups—white, yellow, and red, each group consisting of 50 specimens (n = 50). In each color, specimens were subdivided into five subgroups according to the quantity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0% weight), where the 0% weight served as the control in each group. All specimens were then subjected to artificial aging using an accelerated aging machine chamber for 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. L*a*b* values of specimens were noted after a different aging period by a spectrophotometer and ∆E* was calculated. Statistical Analysis Two-way repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to examine the effects under test conditions (concentration and aging time) of each color group. Then color, concentration, and the aging period were subjected to three-way repeated ANOVA to investigate the effects of different colors and concentrations on ∆E*. Bonferroni’s test was performed to identify differences between groups. The significant level was at p = 0.05. Results The control group showed significantly higher ∆E* values than the test groups. The 1.5% test group showed significantly lower ∆E* compared with the others. The 0.5 to 2.0% of nano zinc oxide significantly decreased the color change of the silicone elastomer (p < 0.05), but there were no significant differences among groups. Conclusions Incorporation of 1.5% of nano zinc oxide can improve the color stability of silicone prosthesis (MDX4–4210).

scholarly journals Role of Bio-based Synthesized Nano Zinc Oxide in Ameliorating the Deleterious Effects Caused by Lead in Vigna radiata L.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAVI KUMAR YADAV ◽  
Narsingh Bahadur Singh ◽  
AJEY SINGH ◽  
VIJAYA YADAV ◽  
KM NIHARIKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Vigna Radiata ◽  
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zno Nps ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Nano Zinc Oxide ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Zinc

Abstract The present work describes the bio-based synthesis (green) and characterization of Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using leaf extract of Tridax, the synthesized nanoparticles were used to study their beneficial effect in the growth and metabolism of Vigna radiata. Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONP) were characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), and Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectra). Growth of V. radiata seedlings was measured in terms of shoot length (SL) and root length (RL) were treated 20 and 40 mg/L concentrations of green synthesized ZnO NPs, and constant concentration (50 mg/L) of PbCl2. These studies have shown the effect of ZnO NPs in the stimulation of growth as well as physiological and biochemical parameters. Vigna seedlings showed positive effects depending upon the increasing concentrations of ZnO NPs. This study suggests that ZnO NPs can be effectively used to ameliorate the toxicity of Pb in Vigna plants.

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