A system-of-systems approach to understanding urbanization – state of the art and prospect

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakura Kasai ◽  
Nan Li ◽  
Dongping Fang
Keyword(s):  
Urban Studies ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Urban System ◽  
System Of Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Urban Functions

Purpose – City is an artificial dynamic open giant complex system, whose multifunctional and interdisciplinary characteristics leads to significant complexity. While challenges arising from individual urban functions have been the focus of urban studies, major urban challenges such as traffic congestion and inefficiency of resource usages may originate from the “interface” where different urban functions interact. Previous research has revealed the potential that regarding city as a system-of-systems (SoS) may shed light on solutions to various urban challenges. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – To examine this research potential, this paper begins with an overview of challenges in urbanization and current approaches which lack systematic solutions. The idea of applying SoS approach is then inspired by existing studies on urban metabolism where city is regarded as an entire system. This idea is followed by definition and characteristics of SoS, as well as comprehensive overview of the state of the art on SoS-based solutions to urban challenges. This paper then discusses the merits and limitations of current studies on SoS for urbanization, followed by a case study which precedes research visions. Findings – The paper finds that regarding city as SoS is a potentially effective approach for urban studies. This is highlighted by original research visions on how to advance this line of research. These research visions point out a few ideas for future research. It particularly highlights the role of human and information in the establishment, management and evolution of various urban functions. Originality/value – The originality of this paper lies in the use of the conception of “SoS” to emphasize the importance of properly modeling human and information in an urban system so as to better reveal the intra-SoS mechanism.

Environmental ethics for tourism- the state of the art

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 694-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Holden
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Ethics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
The State ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Environmental ethics has become an established subject of philosophy in recent decades in response to the contemporary environmental crisis. This paper aims to provide an overview of the key theories and concepts and critically evaluate the extent of their application in tourism studies. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on a systematic literature review of published academic papers that link environmental ethics to tourism. It subsequently attempts to provide a comprehensive review of what is currently a nascent field of research enquiry to comprehend and evaluate the relevance and implications of environmental ethics for tourism. Using a theoretical ethical framework of libertarian extensionism, eco-holism and the conservation ethic, moral debates that arise from their use in tourism are analysed. As a field of academic study that presently lacks research enquiry areas for future research investigation are subsequently identified. Findings The paper forms a part of the “State of the Art” series and subsequently does not present empirical findings. However, through critical evaluation, it demonstrates the complexity of the application of environmental ethics to tourism through differing perspectives within the subject and when nature’s interests are juxtaposed to concerns of anthropic ethics. To develop a stronger environmental ethics amongst tourism stakeholders that recognises the intrinsic value of nature, it is recommended that ecological virtue and literacy are key elements in this process. Originality/value The originality of the paper rests in providing a comprehensive overview of the existing level of application of the theories of environmental ethics to tourism; the appliance of theory to debates of tourism’s environmental challenges; and identifying research directions to help fill knowledge gaps.

Sport in business studies: a state-of-the-art literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 529-546
Author(s):  
Christofer Laurell ◽  
Sten Soderman
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
State Of Research

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic review of articles on sport published in leading business studies journals within marketing, organisational studies and strategy.Design/methodology/approachBased on a review of 38 identified articles within the subfields of marketing, strategy and organisation studies published between 2000 and 2015, the articles’ topical, theoretical and methodological orientation within the studied subfields were analysed followed by a cross-subfield analysis.FindingsThe authors identify considerable differences in topical, theoretical and methodological orientation among the studied subfields’ associated articles. Overall, the authors also find that articles across all subfields tend to be focussed on contributing to mature theory, even though the subfield of marketing in particular exhibits contributions to nascent theory in contrast to organisation studies and strategy.Originality/valueThis paper contributes by illustrating the current state of research that is devoted or related to the phenomenon of sport within three subfields in business studies. Furthermore, the authors discuss the role played by leading business studies journalsvis-à-vissport sector-specific journals and offer avenues for future research.

What is the stock of the situation? A bibliometric analysis on social and environmental accounting research in public sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floriana Fusco ◽  
Paolo Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Environmental Reporting ◽  
Bibliometric Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social And Environmental Reporting

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to provide a picture of the state of the art in social and environmental accounting research applied to the public sector, highlighting different streams and the main gaps in current literature and providing input for future research.Design/methodology/approachA bibliometric method was used to analyse the characteristics, citation patterns and content of 38 papers published in international academic journals.FindingsThe findings show that the research on social and environmental reporting in the public sector is still at an early stage. Current investigations, although slowly on the increase, are still very few and localised. Most papers are about the reasons why public organisations report, what and how they report, but there are so many aspects that need to be investigated more in-depth or require extra validation in order to open new directions for future research, among which the relationship with and the differences between other non-financial type of reporting, namely ICR and IR.Research limitations/implicationsThe study shows some limitations, mainly related to the adoption of the bibliometric method. Indeed, it does not take into account books and chapters but only papers published in international and academic journals. This leads to exclude a significant part of the existing literature and other relevant contributions on the field.Originality/valueSocial and environmental reporting practices are quickly spreading in the public sector. The field is particularly interesting, given the specific connotations of this kind of organisations. However, the literature is clearly not exhaustive and there is not a comprehensive and systematic review of the state of the art on the subject.

Viewpoint: the need to evolve to a service logic mindset in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Reynoso
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Journal Article ◽  
Service Organizations ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Logic

Purpose The purpose of this viewpoint is to discuss the need to evolve from a service marketing approach to a service logic mindset throughout the organization in Latin America. In doing so, it addresses a void in the service literature due to the lack of attention on its uniqueness in this region. Design/methodology/approach To confirm the predominant approach of studying service and the need for a paradigm shift in service organizations, two independent journal article searches during 1989–2020 were conducted. The purpose was to learn where Latin American service researchers are focusing their research efforts and to discuss how the meaning of service applies to this region. Findings Forty-eight journal articles were analyzed and six distinctive groups were identified where service researchers are focusing their work on Latin America. Service has been studied mainly from the marketing perspective; with limited original research published in indexed journals; focused on making product-oriented promises, increasingly enabled by technology. The need for developing a service logic mindset throughout the organization has begun to be emphasized rather recently in the field. The variety of meanings of service and the complex context represent challenges for this enterprise. Research limitations/implications Future research is needed to work on a more comprehensive conceptualization of service at higher levels of analysis. Further context studies are required to enrich knowledge on service in Latin America. Service researchers and organizations should work on these two challenges to continue moving from the marketing perspective of service to a service logic mindset throughout the organization. Originality/value The paper points out the relevance of conducting further service research in Latin America, arguing that service has been studied mainly from the marketing perspective, and claiming the need to move to a service logic mindset. This viewpoint opens a discussion in the service research community toward a paradigm shift that, although inspired in Latin America, may not be necessarily limited to this region.

Investor relations – a systematic literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Pieter Hoffmann ◽  
Sandra Tietz ◽  
Kerstin Hammann
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Research Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Investor Relations ◽  
Corporate Communications ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organization Strategy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a comprehensive, interdisciplinary review of international investor relations (IR) research published since 1990. It highlights the development of IR research, its disciplinary foundations and key areas of inquiry. Research is shown to reflect the rising importance of IR as a corporate communications function, its interdisciplinary character, and the recognition of its contribution to strategic management.Design/methodology/approachFindings are based on an interdisciplinary systematic literature review focusing on peer-reviewed journal articles published in English since 1990.FindingsThe authors differentiate five strands of research focusing on the organization, strategy, instruments, content and effects of IR. IR research is shown to have strong roots in the business and management, accounting and communications literature. The authors document a rising interest in the topic and a steady development beyond descriptive accounts of the function to distinctive lines of inquiry. The authors summarize the state of the field and derive a number of suggestions for future research.Research limitations/implicationsThe review is limited in scope to the applied research process, including the choice of keywords, databases as well as peer-reviewed journal publications published in English since 1990.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the necessary structuration and consolidation of the emergent field of IR research by identify salient perspectives and common subfields. It provides both a comprehensive overview of the state of research and specific suggestions for future endeavors.

scholarly journals Deep Learning-Based Monocular Depth Estimation Methods—A State-of-the-Art Review

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Khan ◽  
Saqib Salahuddin ◽  
Hossein Javidnia
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Depth Estimation ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Ill Posed ◽  
Monocular Depth

Monocular depth estimation from Red-Green-Blue (RGB) images is a well-studied ill-posed problem in computer vision which has been investigated intensively over the past decade using Deep Learning (DL) approaches. The recent approaches for monocular depth estimation mostly rely on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). Estimating depth from two-dimensional images plays an important role in various applications including scene reconstruction, 3D object-detection, robotics and autonomous driving. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of this research topic including the problem representation and a short description of traditional methods for depth estimation. Relevant datasets and 13 state-of-the-art deep learning-based approaches for monocular depth estimation are reviewed, evaluated and discussed. We conclude this paper with a perspective towards future research work requiring further investigation in monocular depth estimation challenges.

A systematic literature review on the usage of eye-tracking in understanding process models

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Batista Duarte ◽  
Denis Silva da Silveira ◽  
Vinícius de Albuquerque Brito ◽  
Charlie Silva Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tracking Device

PurposeBusiness process modeling can involve multiple stakeholders, so it is natural that problems may occur during the designing and understanding processes. One way to perceive these problems is to evaluate the comprehension of business process models through the collection of data related to the readers' eye movement via an eye-tracking device. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the use of eye-trackers in understanding process models and to offer a research roadmap to challenge the community to address the identified limitations and open issues that require further investigation.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this goal, Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was performed following good practices from the Evidence-Based Software Engineering's (EBSE) field.FindingsThis study resulted in 10 primary studies selected for analysis and data extraction, from the 1,482 initially retrieved. The major findings indicate that the business process community still benefits little from the use of eye-tracking, e.g. not offering sufficient support for inexperienced designers and not having an explicit standardization in its use. These and other findings are synthesized in a research roadmap which results would benefit researchers and practitioners.Originality/valueIn the studies found, the methods used to explore eyes' movement in process models' comprehension analysis were presented as an advantage of the current study. Additionally, another aspect presented in this SRL as an originality is presenting a set of open questions, suggesting valuable topics for future research through a research script (research roadmap).

Impact of IoT challenges and risks for SCM

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Sebastian Birkel ◽  
Evi Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Environmental Network ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer a comprehensive overview of challenges and risks of the Internet of Things (IoT) in supply chain management (SCM) and provide a structured framework for classifying and analyzing the relevant literature to deduce insights for research and practice.Design/methodology/approachA systematic literature review (SLR) of 102 peer-reviewed journal articles on the topic of IoT in SCM was conducted.FindingsThis review identifies, categorizes and describes the relevant literature regarding the dimensions time and specificity. The resulting framework contains a holistic overview including focus areas and relations of macro-environmental, network-related and organizational challenges and risks. Furthermore, this review represents a conceptual framework for future research, considering the multidisciplinary body of the subject and provides an analysis of the timeline of literature, journals and used methodologies.Practical implicationsThis study offers valuable insights into IoT and its impact on applications, processes and the structure of organizations and supply chains (SCs). The identification of challenges and risks helps to prepare for changes in the future because of the disruptive nature of this technology.Originality/valueThe originality of this paper lies in the synthesis of the fragmented body of literature of IoT challenges and risks for SCM. The derived framework and identification of relations and research gaps provide the foundation for further research to evaluate the relations between challenges and risks and offer solutions.

scholarly journals Water Treatment with New Nanomaterials

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Shahin Homaeigohar
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Water Shortages ◽  
Advanced Technologies ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Polymer Metal

The studies introduced in this special issue aim to provide a state-of-the-art vision for nanomaterials-based technology that could profit the water treatment industry. Given the expanding crisis of water shortages across the world, this perspective is invaluable and of paramount importance. No doubt, as the environmental challenges are going to be more complicated and to extend to as-yet unconsidered areas, we need to upgrade our facilities and knowledge to address them properly. Nanomaterials are indeed promising building blocks for such advanced technologies that enable them to purify water streams from complex pollutants in an energy, cost and time-effective manner. The focus of the (review and original research) articles collected in this issue is on various kinds of nanomaterials made of carbon, polymer, metal, and metal oxides (magnetic and photocatalyst), that are employed for adsorption and photodegradation of heavy metals and organic pollutants, respectively. Here, I briefly review the insights given in these precious studies and suggest new directions for future research in this field.

Information security culture – state-of-the-art review between 2000 and 2013

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Karlsson ◽  
Joachim Åström ◽  
Martin Karlsson
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Topics ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Security Culture ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Information Security Culture

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to survey existing information security culture research to scrutinise the kind of knowledge that has been developed and the way in which this knowledge has been brought about. Design/methodology/approach – Results are based on a literature review of information security culture research published between 2000 and 2013 (December). Findings – This paper can conclude that existing research has focused on a broad set of research topics, but with limited depth. It is striking that the effects of different information security cultures have not been part of that focus. Moreover, existing research has used a small repertoire of research methods, a repertoire that is more limited than in information systems research in general. Furthermore, an extensive part of the research is descriptive, philosophical or theoretical – lacking a structured use of empirical data – which means that it is quite immature. Research limitations/implications – Findings call for future research that: addresses the effects of different information security cultures; addresses the identified research topics with greater depth; focuses more on generating theories or testing theories to increase the maturity of this subfield of information security research; and uses a broader set of research methods. It would be particularly interesting to see future studies that use intervening or ethnographic approaches because, to date, these have been completely lacking in existing research. Practical implications – Findings show that existing research is, to a large extent, descriptive, philosophical or theoretical. Hence, it is difficult for practitioners to adopt these research results, such as frameworks for cultivating or assessment tools, which have not been empirically validated. Originality/value – Few state-of-the-art reviews have sought to assess the maturity of existing research on information security culture. Findings on types of research methods used in information security culture research extend beyond the existing knowledge base, which allows for a critical discussion about existing research in this sub-discipline of information security.

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