Prediction of heat affected zone and other mechanical properties of welded joints of HSLA A588-B of jet blast deflector

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utkarsh Waghmare ◽  
A.S. Dhoble ◽  
Ravindra Taiwade ◽  
Jagesvar Verma ◽  
Himanshu Vashishtha
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to predict and optimize the width of heat affected zone (HAZ) with better mechanical properties using suitable welding process and parameters for the fabrication of jet blast deflector (JBD) (high strength low alloy material of grade A588-B was used for fabrication) so that the JBD can sustain high exhaust parameters, because there are different welding zones formed due to the rapid cooling of weld metals. Out of the various zones of welding, HAZ remains the weakest zone in the entire weldment. Design/methodology/approach The present work describes the modeling, simulation, Modeling of three-dimensional plate and mess generation process are carried out using ICEM CFD software. FLUENT 16.0 software is used for ANSYS simulation where various models are used for analysis and results are validated with the experimental outcomes. High strength low alloy plates are welded by using shielded metal arc welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding processes with two different electrodes. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used for metallurgical study. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile strength test, vickers microhardness test and impact test. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by performing the potentiodynamic polarization test. Findings The present study indicated for better mechanical properties and improved corrosion resistance for TIG welded joints with type 308 L filler. Practical implications In aeronautical, defense, space and research organizations. Originality/value It can be shown from the scanning electron microscope technique that sound weld joint is produced with very good mechanical properties and joint also showed better corrosion resistance.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction-Stir-Welded Low-Carbon High-Strength Steels with Tensile Strengths Ranging from 590 MPa to 1.5 GPa

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5728
Author(s):  
HyeonJeong You ◽  
Minjung Kang ◽  
Sung Yi ◽  
Soongkeun Hyun ◽  
Cheolhee Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Test ◽  
Joint Strength ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Welding Processes

High-strength steels are being increasingly employed in the automotive industry, requiring efficient welding processes. This study analyzed the materials and mechanical properties of high-strength automotive steels with strengths ranging from 590 MPa to 1500 MPa, subjected to friction stir welding (FSW), which is a solid-phase welding process. The high-strength steels were hardened by a high fraction of martensite, and the welds were composed of a recrystallized zone (RZ), a partially recrystallized zone (PRZ), a tempered zone (TZ), and an unaffected base metal (BM). The RZ exhibited a higher hardness than the BM and was fully martensitic when the BM strength was 980 MPa or higher. When the BM strength was 780 MPa or higher, the PRZ and TZ softened owing to tempered martensitic formation and were the fracture locations in the tensile test, whereas BM fracture occurred in the tensile test of the 590 MPa steel weld. The joint strength, determined by the hardness and width of the softened zone, increased and then saturated with an increase in the BM strength. From the results, we can conclude that the thermal history and size of the PRZ and TZ should be controlled to enhance the joint strength of automotive steels.

Vibratory weld conditioning during gas tungsten arc welding of al 5052 alloy on the mechanical and micro-structural behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 831-836
Author(s):  
M. Vykunta Rao ◽  
Srinivasa Rao P. ◽  
B. Surendra Babu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Average Grain Size

Purpose Vibratory weld conditioning parameters have a great influence on the improvement of mechanical properties of weld connections. The purpose of this paper is to understand the influence of vibratory weld conditioning on the mechanical and microstructural characterization of aluminum 5052 alloy weldments. An attempt is made to understand the effect of the vibratory tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding process parameters on the hardness, ultimate tensile strength and microstructure of Al 5052-H32 alloy weldments. Design/methodology/approach Aluminum 5052 H32 specimens are welded at different combinations of vibromotor voltage inputs and time of vibrations. Voltage input is varied from 50 to 230 V at an interval of 10 V. At each voltage input to the vibromotor, there are three levels of time of vibration, i.e. 80, 90 and 100 s. The vibratory TIG-welded specimens are tested for their mechanical and microstructural properties. Findings The results indicate that the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy weld connections improved by increasing voltage input up to 160 V. Also, it has been observed that by increasing vibromotor voltage input beyond 160 V, mechanical properties were reduced significantly. It is also found that vibration time has less influence on the mechanical properties of weld connections. Improvement in hardness and ultimate tensile strength of vibratory welded joints is 16 and 14%, respectively, when compared without vibration, i.e. normal weld conditions. Average grain size is measured as per ASTM E 112–96. Average grain size is in the case of 0, 120, 160 and 230 is 20.709, 17.99, 16.57 and 20.8086 µm, respectively. Originality/value Novel vibratory TIG welded joints are prepared. Mechanical and micro-structural properties are tested.

scholarly journals The Assessment of Selected Properties of Welded Joints in High-Strength Steels

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
Lechosław Tuz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Heat Input ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Welding Processes

The use of technologically advanced structural materials entails the necessity of adjusting typical welding processes to special requirements resulting from the limited weldability of certain material groups. Difficulties obtaining high-quality joints may be the consequence of deteriorated mechanical properties and structural changes in materials (beyond requirements of related standards). One of the aforementioned materials is steel characterised by a guaranteed yield point of 1300 MPa, where high strength is obtained through the addition of slight amounts of carbide-forming elements and the application of complex heat treatment processes. A heat input during welding may worsen the aforesaid properties not only in the weld but also in the adjacent material. The tests discussed in the article revealed that the crucial area was that heated below a temperature of 600°C, where the hardness of the material decreased from approximately 520 HV to 330 HV.

Solid-state joining of aluminum to titanium: A review

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072110108
Author(s):  
Vijay S Gadakh ◽  
Vishvesh J Badheka ◽  
Amrut S Mulay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Weld Interface ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Cp Ti ◽  
Welding Processes

The dissimilar material joining of aluminum and titanium alloys is recognized as a challenge due to the significant differences in the physical, chemical, and metallurgical properties of these alloys, where the increasing demands for high strength and lightweight alloys in aerospace, defense, and automotive industries. Joining these two alloys using the conventional fusion techniques produces commercially unacceptable sound joints due to irregular, complex weld pool shapes, cracking and low strength, high residual stresses, cracks, and microporosity, and the brittle intermetallic compounds formation leads to poor formability or inferior mechanical properties. The formation of intermetallic compounds is inevitable but it is less severe in solid-state than in the fusion welding process. Hence, this article reviews on aluminum–titanium joining using different solid-state and hybrid joining processes with emphasis on the effect of process parameters of the different processes on the weld microstructure, mechanical properties along with the type of intermetallic compounds and defects formed at the weld interface. Among the various solid-state welding processes for aluminum–titanium joining, the following grades of aluminum and titanium alloys were employed such as cp Ti, Ti6Al4V, cp Al, AA1xxx, AA 2xxx, AA5xxx, AA6xxx, AA7xxx, out of which Ti6Al4V and AA6xxx alloys are the most common combination.

Microstructural evolution and properties of tungsten inert gas and fiber laser welded SUS445 ferritic stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 112 (9) ◽  
pp. 687-694
Author(s):  
Ching-Wen Lu ◽  
Huei-Sen Wang ◽  
Chih-Chun Hsieh ◽  
Jie-Jyun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Ferritic Stainless Steel ◽  
Heat Affected Zone ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Laves Phases ◽  
Welding Processes

Abstract To determine the weldability of SUS445 ferritic stainless steel, two welding approaches, tungsten inert gas and fiber laser welding processes, were used and compared. After the welding processes, the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance of the welds were investigated. In the weld fusion zones of these two welding approaches, different morphologies of the grains were obtained. No obvious precipitation formed in these zones. In the heat affected zone of the tungsten inert gas welds, more volume fraction and larger grain sizes of the Laves phase and larger matrix grains were observed, which significantly affected its corrosion resistance and mechanical properties. However, in the heat affected zone of the fiber laser welds, only small amounts Laves phases and a relatively narrow matrix grain growth area were observed, which offers better corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.

Cooling Curve Based Estimation of Mechanical Properties in High Strength Steel Welds

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1760-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Sharma ◽  
Uwe Reisgen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Steels ◽  
Cooling Time ◽  
Cooling Curve ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Steel Welds ◽  
Welding Processes

The application of high strength steels in welded structures relies on easy to use quality assurance concepts for the welding process. For ferritic steels, one of the most common methods for estimating the mechanical properties of welded joints is the cooling time concept t8/5. Even without experimental determination, the calculation of cooling time with previously introduced formulas based on the welding parameters leads to good results. Because high strength structural steels and weld metals with a yield strength of 960 MPa contain higher quantities of alloying elements, the transformation start temperature Ar3 is found to be outside of the range of 800 °C to 500 °C. This leads to inadequate estimation results, as the thermal arrest caused by the microstructural transformation in this case is not considered. In this work the usage of the well-proven cooling time concept t8/5 is analyzed using high strength fine grained structural steels and suitable welding filler wires during gas metal arc and submerged arc welding processes. The results are discussed taking into account the microstructure and the transformation behavior. Based on the experimental work, an improved concept is presented.

Research on Welding Process of Low Alloy High Strength Steel 20MnTiB

2019 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Zhen Liang Li ◽  
Hao Ke ◽  
Yang Shen ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
Jiao Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
High Strength Steel ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Post Heat Treatment ◽  
Line Energy ◽  
Metallographic Structure ◽  
Strength Change

In this paper, the properties of the base metal of the low-alloy high-strength steel 20MnTiB, the welding process and the microstructure and properties of the welded joints were studied. The results are as follows: post-heat treatment below 400°C, the strength change of the steel decreases slowly, the elongation does not change significantly, and the metallographic structure is not obvious. When the temperature is above 400, the strength is greatly reduced. And its plasticity increases remarkably, and precipitates on the grain boundary are precipitated and grown on the metallographic structure. When the line energy is in the range of 9.6~12.0kJ/cm, the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joints meet the requirements, and the welding process that meets the requirements is studied. Finally, the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welded joint are studied. Provide a reference for the research and application of steel.

Evolution of Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Characterization of Aluminum AA-6061 Butt-Welded Joints

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay A. Kardak ◽  
M. A. Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Post Weld Heat Treatment ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Welding Processes ◽  
Weld Heat

Aluminum alloys because of their high strength to weight ratio have various applications as structural material in railways, ship building, aeronautics, construction, and consumer appliances. This increased use of aluminum alloys calls for more efficient and reliable welding processes which has always represented a great challenge for designers and technologists. AA-6061 Aluminum Alloy (Al-Mg-Si) is widely used in the aircraft industry and has gathered wider acceptance in the fabrication of light weight structures. The preferred welding process for this alloy is Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) process due to their comparatively easier applicability, high yield, and better economy. Major difficulties are associated with this type of welding process, such as, the presence of tenacious oxide layer, high coefficient of thermal expansion, solidification shrinkage, solubility of hydrogen, and other gases in the molten state. Furthermore, problems such as decay of mechanical properties due to phase transformation and softening can occur in the heat-affected-zone (HAZ). Post weld heat treatment can be used to improve the strength of the HAZ for heat-treatable alloys like AA-6061. Hence, the major objectives of this work was to conduct a systematic study and gain an in-depth understanding of the effect of post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) of these joints on tensile properties, micro hardness, microstructure, and fracture surface morphology of butt-welded joints. It was found that of all the PWHT processes, Age-hardening (AH) resulted in superior mechanical properties and hardness. The reason for this enhanced strength has also been studied from metallurgical point of view. Microstructure and fracture surface of the tensile tested specimens were studied using light microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. Correlation has been drawn between the tensile test results, microhardness and the metallurgical results. It was found that the uniformly dense precipitation of fine Mg2Si, and the lack of precipitate-free zone could be the reason for the superior results found.

Effect of Different Arc Welding Processes on the Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Ramor 500 Armor Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Günen ◽  
Selçuk Bayar ◽  
Mustafa Serdar Karakaş
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Arc Welding ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Fusion Welding ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Cold Metal Transfer ◽  
Armor Steel ◽  
Welding Processes

Abstract In the present study, Ramor 500 armor steel plates were automatically welded using cold metal transfer arc welding (CMT), gas metal arc welding (GMAW), and hybrid plasma arc welding (HPAW) methods. To investigate the effects of three different fusion welding methods on metallurgical and mechanical properties, the welded joints were examined using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and also subjected to radiographic, hardness, tensile, and notched impact tests. The weld metal (WM) region of the GMAW and HPAW joints consisted of massive austenite. In the CMT welded joint, the WM consisted mainly of dendritic austenite and a minor amount of δ-ferrite. Regardless of the welding process, the hardness of both the WM and heat-affected zone (HAZ) regions was found to be higher than the base metal (BM). The tensile strengths obtained by CMT, GMAW, and HPAW were 45%, 50%, and 65% of the BM, respectively. Cleavage-type brittle fractures occurred in the GMAW and HPAW welded joints, while localized ductile fractures occurred in the CMT joints. Tensile test specimens of the CMT joints fractured in the WM, while the GMAW and HPAW joints fractured in the HAZ. In terms of notch toughness, the CMT joints exhibited better impact resistance compared with the BM. GMAW and HPAW joints displayed less impact resistance than the BM, with values comparable with previous studies in the literature.

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