Effectiveness of the use of threats in communication with children (aged from 8 to 12)

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawther Methlouthi ◽  
Ayoub Nefzi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Dental Hygiene ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Social Threat ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Cognitive Reactions ◽  
Hygiene Behaviour

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the ability of threatening communication to favorably modify children’s preventive behavior (8–12 years old) in the context of dental hygiene. It also seeks to identify the type of threat that promotes the most children's persuasion (physical/social threat). Multi-method qualitative study was conducted followed by an experimental study to test the influence of threatening communication (social or physical) on children's emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses. Design/methodology/approach This study applies a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. First, multi-method qualitative study was used to explore the experience of children's exposure to threatening dental hygiene communications (focus groups, projective technique, individual interviews with dentists, etc.). Then, an experimental study based on a survey data collection to 1496 schoolchildren was conducted to test the influence of threatening communications (social or physical) on children's emotional, cognitive and behavioral responses. Indeed, different experimental situations were created by varying at each time the type of ads to which children were exposed. Findings Results indicate that using threat communications can be a powerful way to convince children to adopt healthy dental hygiene behaviour, and that physical threats are more effective than social threats. Originality/value The originality of this study is to focus on children’s’ affective and cognitive reactions to threatening dental health communication. This by emphasizing the nature of the threat used in communication (physical or social threat).

An examination of talent management processes in Australian higher education

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1271-1299
Author(s):  
Atheer Abdullah Mohammed ◽  
Abdul Hafeez Baig ◽  
Raj Gururajan
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Talent Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Talent Retention ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Value Add

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the best processes that are currently used in managing talent in Australian higher education (HE) and to examine the policies in terms of talent management processes (TMPs) that are derived from objective one. Pragmatic benefits for academic institutions focused on enhancing talent. Design/methodology/approach This study selects the mixed method as its research design. In the qualitative study, there were three methods: brainstorming, focus group and individual interviews, followed by the quantitative questionnaire study. The sample consisted of 6 participants for brainstorming, 11 in focus group, 6 individual interviews and 286 participants for the quantitative questionnaire, all conducted in nine Australian universities. Findings Three key themes: talent retention, talent development and talent attraction were explored by the qualitative study. The quantitative study tests the level of an importance regarding the three TMPs explored. Practical implications This empirical research is one of the first few studies that extended the previous investigation of TMPs in various industries to the HE sector. This research provides more debates for adding more new ideas in the Australian education strategic plans for HE. Originality/value This study offers a value-add to talent management literature through designing a quantitative measurement of TMPs for the educational sector. Consequently, there is a deficiency of pragmatic evidence in terms of TMPs in the aforementioned sector. Furthermore, this study provides a clear and comprehensive outline of the extant scholarly research of TMPs from the period 2006–2018.

Authenticity in health education for adolescents: a qualitative study of four health courses

2014 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Grabowski ◽  
Katrine K. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Education Professionals ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
School Based ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore different kinds of authenticity in four health courses for adolescents. In school-based approaches to health education it is often difficult to present health in ways that make sense and appeal to adolescents. Authenticity, as a health-pedagogical concept which focuses on the quality or condition of being believable, trustworthy or genuine, has the potential of providing an analytical framework as well as practical recommendations for this challenge. Design/methodology/approach – This was a qualitative study based on 23 group interviews with a total of 114 adolescents and 12 individual interviews with their teachers. The data were iteratively analyzed and categorized using guidelines for content analysis. The study used a theoretical construct focusing on participation, knowledge and health identity, as each of these three elements affects aspects of authenticity when applied to a health education context. Findings – The analysis revealed four interdependent categories of authenticity: first, authentic connections/relations; second, authentic instructors; third, authentic themes; and fourth, authentic methods/activities. In each of the four categories the paper presents analytical tools for researchers and practical recommendations for health education professionals. Originality/value – The paper presents a new and innovative model with four categories of authenticity that provide health practitioners with important knowledge about why and how health education might wish to focus on authenticity in order to provide conditions that create a significant health educating effect for all adolescents, not just for the ones who are already healthy.

Relational recovery in co-occurring conditions: a qualitative study of first-person experiences

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Eva Brekke ◽  
Ottar Ness ◽  
Lars Lien
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
First Person ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Relational Process

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore and describe first-person experiences of relational recovery in co-occurring mental health and substance use conditions. Design/methodology/approach Within a phenomenological and collaborative approach, in-depth individual interviews with eight persons with co-occurring conditions were analysed using systematic text condensation. Findings Participants described interpersonal relationships as both supporting and hindering recovery in fundamental ways. Four categories of experiences of relational recovery were described as follows: choosing one’s child; living with loneliness and a painful past; sacrificing everything for one’s partner; and regaining trust and support. Originality/value This paper provides an enhanced understanding of how interpersonal relationships may be experienced by persons who live with co-occurring conditions. The results generally support an understanding of recovery as a relational process.

Gender bias in hospital leadership: a qualitative study on the experiences of women CEOs

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Soklaridis ◽  
Ayelet Kuper ◽  
Cynthia R. Whitehead ◽  
Genevieve Ferguson ◽  
Valerie H. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Gender Bias ◽  
Female Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Hospital Leadership ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
Women Ceos ◽  
Hospital Ceos ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Systemic Discrimination

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the experiences of gender bias among women hospital CEOs and explore to what these female leaders attribute their success within a male-dominated hospital executive leadership milieu. Design/methodology/approach This qualitative study involved 12 women hospital CEOs from across Ontario, Canada. Purposeful sampling techniques and in-depth qualitative interview methods were used to facilitate discussion around experiences of gender and leadership. Findings Responses fell into two groups: the first group represented the statement “Gender inequality is alive and well”. The second group reflected the statement “Gender inequity is not significant, did not happen to me, and things are better now”. This group contained a sub-group with no consciousness of systemic discrimination and that claimed having no gendered experiences in their leadership journey. The first group described gender issues in various contexts, from the individual to the systemic. The second group was ambivalent about gender as a factor impacting leadership trajectories. Originality/value Representations of women’s leadership have become detached from feminism, with major consequences for women. This study reveals how difficult it is for some women CEOs to identify gender bias. The subtle everyday norms and practices within the workplace make it difficult to name and explain gender bias explicitly and may explain the challenges in understanding how it might affect a woman’s career path.

scholarly journals Exploring the impact of a community participatory intervention on women's capability: a qualitative study in Gulu Northern Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Loubna Belaid ◽  
Emmanuel Ochola ◽  
Pontius Bayo ◽  
George William Alii ◽  
Martin Ogwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Northern Uganda ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Community participatory interventions mobilizing women of childbearing age are an effective strategy to promote maternal and child health. In 2017, we implemented this strategy in Gulu Northern Uganda. This study explored the perceived impact of this approach on women's capability. Methods We conducted a qualitative study based on three data collection methods: 14 in-depth individual interviews with participating women of childbearing age, five focus group discussions with female facilitators, and document analysis. We used the Sen capability approach as a conceptual framework and undertook a thematic analysis. Results Women adopted safe and healthy behaviors for themselves and their children. They were also able to respond to some of their family's financial needs. They reported a reduction in domestic violence and in mistreatment towards their children. The facilitators perceived improved communication skills, networking, self-confidence, and an increase in their social status. Nevertheless, the women still faced unfreedoms that deprived them of living the life they wanted to lead. These unfreedoms are related to their lack of access to economic opportunities and socio-cultural norms underlying gender inequalities. Conclusion To expand women's freedoms, we need more collective political actions to tackle gender inequalities and need to question the values underlying women's social status.

scholarly journals Older Adults’ Experiences of a Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Intervention: A Nested Qualitative Study in the SITLESS Multi-Country Randomised Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4730
Author(s):  
Nicole Blackburn ◽  
Mathias Skjodt ◽  
Mark Tully ◽  
Ilona Mc Mullan ◽  
Maria Giné-Garriga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Perceived Effects ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
Exercise Referral

Background: The SITLESS programme comprises exercise referral schemes and self-management strategies and has been evaluated in a trial in Denmark, Spain, Germany and Northern Ireland. The aim of this qualitative study was to understand the implementation and contextual aspects of the intervention in relation to the mechanisms of impact and to explore the perceived effects. Methods: Qualitative methodologies were nested in the SITLESS trial including 71 individual interviews and 12 focus groups targeting intervention and control group participants from postintervention to 18-month follow-up in all intervention sites based on a semi-structured topic guide. Results: Overarching themes were identified under the framework categories of context, implementation, mechanisms of impact and perceived effects. The findings highlight the perceived barriers and facilitators to older adults’ engagement in exercise referral schemes. Social interaction and enjoyment through the group-based programmes are key components to promote adherence and encourage the maintenance of targeted behaviours through peer support and connectedness. Exit strategies and signposting to relevant classes and facilities enabled the maintenance of positive lifestyle behaviours. Conclusions: When designing and implementing interventions, key components enhancing social interaction, enjoyment and continuity should be in place in order to successfully promote sustained behaviour change.

Dual leadership in a hospital practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Ravnborg Thude ◽  
Svend Erik Thomsen ◽  
Egon Stenager ◽  
Erik Hollnagel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Leadership Teams ◽  
Decision Processes ◽  
Power Balance ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hospital Practice ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Danish Hospital

Purpose Despite the practice of dual leadership in many organizations, there is relatively little research on the topic. Dual leadership means two leaders share the leadership task and are held jointly accountable for the results of the unit. To better understand how dual leadership works, this study aims to analyse three different dual leadership pairs at a Danish hospital. Furthermore, this study develops a tool to characterize dual leadership teams from each other. Design/methodology/approach This is a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. Six leaders were interviewed to clarify how dual leadership works in a hospital context. All interviews were transcribed and coded. During coding, focus was on the nine principles found in the literature and another principle was found by looking at the themes that were generic for all six interviews. Findings Results indicate that power balance, personal relations and decision processes are important factors for creating efficient dual leaderships. The study develops a categorizing tool to use for further research or for organizations, to describe and analyse dual leaderships. Originality/value The study describes dual leadership in the hospital context and develops a categorizing tool for being able to distinguish dual leadership teams from each other. It is important to reveal if there are any indicators that can be used for optimising dual leadership teams in the health-care sector and in other organisations.

Experimental study of pin surface precision on lubrication behavior of pin–bush pairs in industrial roller chains

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansheng Zhang ◽  
Mingyu Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Jianjun Zhang ◽  
Zhaohua Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
Reciprocating Motion ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Supply ◽  
Machining Errors ◽  
Surface Precision ◽  
Straightness Error

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of surface precision on the lubrication state of the roller chain under adequate and rare oil supply conditions, respectively. Design/methodology/approach The straightness error and roughness error of the pin generatrices were measured and the influence of surface precision on the lubrication behavior under steady state and reciprocating motion was studied through optical interference experiments. Findings The lubrication state is strongly influenced by the surface precision of the roller surface both under adequate oil supply and rare oil supply conditions. Originality/value In industrial applications, the machining errors of parts cannot be completely eliminated. Studying the influence of the surface precision on the lubrication behavior of pin–bush pairs can provide the experimental basis for the optimal design of the bush roller chains.

scholarly journals Playing for fun or gambling for money: a qualitative longitudinal study of digitally simulated gambling among young Danes

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-266
Author(s):  
Søren Kristiansen ◽  
Maria Camilla Trabjerg ◽  
Nanna Reventlov Lauth ◽  
Anders Malling
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Gambling Market ◽  
Simulated Gambling

Purpose The study aims to explore the types of simulated games and gambling platforms used by adolescents, adolescent’s experiences, motivations and behaviors vis-à-vis simulated gambling and the potential interrelationships between simulated and monetary forms gambling. Design/methodology/approach Data was obtained from a qualitative longitudinal panel study with three waves of individual interviews. A cohort of 51 young Danes, with varying levels of gambling involvement, were interviewed three times, with a 10-12 frequency from 2011 to 2014. In total, 149 interviews were conducted over the 4-year period. Findings Enjoying social interactional effects appeared to be the main reasons young people engage in simulated gambling games. The study documented characteristics of both a catalyst pathway and a containment pathway emphasizing that for some young people simulated gambling may increase the likelihood of involvement in real money gambling while it may decrease it for others. Research limitations/implications The sample was relatively limited and it involved participants from only one of the five Danish regions. The sample reflects the culture, rural/urban configuration and gambling market of a specific geographic region. Practical implications Some forms of simulated digital gambling may provide players with excitement and unrealistic conceptions of winning chances, which, in turn, may encourage participation in real forms of gambling. This may call for regulatory policies aiming at the structural features of simulated gambling products and their rapid global spread. Consumer campaigns aimed at both young people themselves and their parents may be considered. Originality/value Few studies have provided insights into the meanings and motivations of young people engaged in simulated gambling. The current study is among the first to explore adolescent’s experiences, motivations and behaviors vis-à-vis simulated gambling and the potential interrelationships between simulated and monetary forms gambling.

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