Characterization of neuronal cell injury and neuroprotective effect of Poloxamer

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Serbest ◽  
J. Horwitz ◽  
K.A. Barbee
Keyword(s):  
Cell Injury ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell

Evaluation of the Neuroprotective Effect of Pycnogenol in a Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury Model in Newborn Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruya Çolak ◽  
Aslı Celik ◽  
Gulden Diniz ◽  
Senem Alkan Özdemir ◽  
Osman Yilmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Cell Injury ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Group B ◽  
Factor Α

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Pycnogenol (PYC) and its antioxidant and antiapoptotic effect in an experimental hypoxic-ischemic (HI) rat model. Study Design A total of 24 Wistar albino rats who were on the seventh postnatal day were divided into three groups with developed HI brain injury model under the sevoflurane anesthesia: 40 mg/kg PYC was given to Group A, saline was given to Group B, and the sham group was Group C. Neuronal apoptosis was investigated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling and immunohistochemically stained manually with primer antibodies of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β. Results The neuronal cell injury was statistically lower in the PYC treatment group. Conclusion This is the first study that investigates the role of PYC in the HI brain injury model. PYC reduces apoptosis and neuronal injury in the cerebral tissue of the rats. PYC may be a protective agent against hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. Key Points

scholarly journals Quercetin attenuates the reduction of parvalbumin in middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Ju Park ◽  
Ju-Bin Kang ◽  
Fawad-Ali Shah ◽  
Phil-Ok Koh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Glutamate Toxicity ◽  
Cerebral Artery Occlusion

Abstract Background Calcium is a critical factor involved in modulation of essential cellular functions. Parvalbumin is a calcium buffering protein that regulates intracellular calcium concentrations. It prevents rises in calcium concentrations and inhibits apoptotic processes during ischemic injury. Quercetin exerts potent antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects during brain ischemia. We investigated whether quercetin can regulate parvalbumin expression in cerebral ischemia and glutamate toxicity-induced neuronal cell death. Adult male rats were treated with vehicle or quercetin (10 mg/kg) 30 min prior to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and cerebral cortical tissues were collected 24 h after MCAO. We used various techniques including Western blot, reverse transcription-PCR, and immunohistochemical staining to elucidate the changes of parvalbumin expression. Results Quercetin ameliorated MCAO-induced neurological deficits and behavioral changes. Moreover, quercetin prevented MCAO-induced a decrease in parvalbumin expression. Conclusions These findings suggest that quercetin exerts a neuroprotective effect through regulation of parvalbumin expression.

scholarly journals BDMC protects AD in vitro via AMPK and SIRT1

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-327
Author(s):  
Chenlin Xu ◽  
Zijian Xiao ◽  
Heng Wu ◽  
Guijuan Zhou ◽  
Duanqun He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Activity Measurement ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Cell Viability Assay ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Compound C

AbstractBackgroundAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder without any satisfactory therapeutic approaches. AD is mainly characterized by the deposition of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and extensive neuronal cell death. Curcumin, with anti-oxidative stress (OS) and cell apoptosis properties, plays essential roles in AD. However, whether bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC), a derivative of curcumin, can exert a neuroprotective effect in AD remains to be elucidated.MethodsIn this study, SK-N-SH cells were used to establish an in vitro model to investigate the effects of BDMC on the Aβ1–42-induced neurotoxicity. SK-N-SH cells were pretreated with BDMC and with or without compound C and EX527 for 30 min after co-incubation with rotenone for 24 h. Subsequently, western blotting, cell viability assay and SOD and GSH activity measurement were performed.ResultsBDMC increased the cell survival, anti-OS ability, AMPK phosphorylation levels and SIRT1 in SK-N-SH cells treated with Aβ1–42. However, after treatment with compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, and EX527, an SIRT1inhibitor, the neuroprotective roles of BDMC on SK-N-SH cells treated with Aβ1–42 were inhibited.ConclusionThese results suggest that BDMC exerts a neuroprotective role on SK-N-SH cells in vitro via AMPK/SIRT1 signaling, laying the foundation for the application of BDMC in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases related to AMPK/SIRT1 signaling.

scholarly journals NMDA Receptor-Mediated Neuroprotective Effect of theScutellaria baicalensisGeorgi Extract on the Excitotoxic Neuronal Cell Death in Primary Rat Cortical Cell Cultures

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsong Yang ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Haogang Yu ◽  
Xinbiao Liao ◽  
Lisong Teng
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Neuronal Cell Death ◽  
Cortical Cell ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Cortical Cell Cultures

The objective of the current research work was to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of the ethanol extract ofScutellaria baicalensis(S.B.) on the excitotoxic neuronal cell death in primary rat cortical cell cultures. The inhibitory effects of the extract were qualitatively and quantitatively estimated by phase-contrast microscopy and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. The extract exhibited a potent and dose-dependent inhibition of the glutamate-induced excitotoxicity in the culture media. Further, using radioligand binding assays, it was observed that the inhibitory effect of the extract was more potent and selective for the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated toxicity. The S.B. ethanol extract competed with [3H] MDL 105,519 for the specific binding to the NMDA receptor glycine site with 50% inhibition occurring at 35.1 μg/mL. Further, NMDA receptor inactivation by the S.B. ethanol extract was concluded from the decreasing binding capability of [3H]MK-801 in the presence of the extract. Thus, S.B. extract exhibited neuroprotection against excitotoxic cell death, and this neuroprotection was mediated through the inhibition of NMDA receptor function by interacting with the glycine binding site of the NMDA receptor. Phytochemical analysis of the bioactive extract revealed the presence of six phytochemical constituents including baicalein, baicalin, wogonin, wogonoside, scutellarin, and Oroxylin A.

scholarly journals Detection and Characterization of Autoantibodies to Neuronal Cell-Surface Antigens in the Central Nervous System

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleen H. van Coevorden-Hameete ◽  
Maarten J. Titulaer ◽  
Marco W. J. Schreurs ◽  
Esther de Graaff ◽  
Peter A. E. Sillevis Smitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Surface Antigens ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
The Central Nervous System

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Effect of Angelica Gigas Root in a Mouse Model of Ischemic Brain Injury through MAPK Signaling Pathway Regulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Eun Lee ◽  
Jung-Hoon Kim ◽  
Chiyeon Lim ◽  
Suin Cho
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Cresyl Violet ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Angelica Gigas ◽  
Brain Tissues

Abstract Background: The root of Angelica gigas Nakai (Apiaceae) has been traditionally used as an important herbal medicine to treat blood-deficiency-related disorders in Eastern Asian countries, and recently, it has been recognized as a potential candidate for improving cardiovascular diseases. Methods: In this study, the neuroprotective effect of a methanol extract of A. gigas root (RAGE) was investigated in a mouse stroke model induced by a 90 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). Infarction volumes and morphological changes in brain tissues were measured using TTC, cresyl violet, and H&E staining. The neuroprotective mechanism of RAGE was elucidated through investigation of protein expression levels using western blotting, IHC, and ELISA assays. The plasma concentrations of decursin, a major compound in RAGE, were measured after oral administration of RAGE to SD rats. Results: The infarction volumes in brain tissues were significantly reduced and the morphological deteriorations in the brain neuron cells were improved in tMCAO mice when pre-treated with RAGE at 1,000 mg/(kg bw·d) for two consecutive days. The neuroprotective mechanism of RAGE was confirmed to attenuate ERK-related MAPK signaling pathways in the ipsilateral hippocampus hemisphere in mice. The concentrations of decursin in rat plasma samples showed peak absorption and elimination in vivo after oral administration of RAGE at 100 mg/rat.Conclusion: Mice administered RAGE before the tMCAO operation had less neuronal cell death than those that were not administered RAGE prior to the operation, and this study provides preclinical evidence for use of A. gigas in ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Gastrodia-Uncaria Water Extract Inhibits Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Matrix Metalloproteinase in Protecting against Cerebral Ischemia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Y Choi ◽  
Jia Wen Xian ◽  
Sum Yi Ma ◽  
Zhixiu Lin ◽  
Chun Wai Chan
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Neuronal Cell ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Blood Brain

Stroke is the second leading cause of death in worldwide, in which cerebral ischemia accounts for 87% of all cases. The building up of endoplasmic reticulum stress in cerebral ischemia contributes to the disruption of blood brain barrier and neuronal cell death. The only FDA-approved drug, recombinant tissue plasminogen activator, is still of limited use due to the narrow window period and lack of neuroprotective effect. Therefore, it is necessary to explore alternative treatment on cerebral ischemia. Tianma-Gouteng decoction is a traditional Chinese Medicine prescription used to treat brain diseases in China. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of a water extract consisting of Gastrodia elata and Uncaria rhynchophylla, which are the two main herbs in the decoction. Cerebral ischemia was induced in rats using middle cerebral artery occlusion. GUW-treated rats have significantly reduced infarction volume and recovered neurological functions. The number of protein aggregates and caspase-12 positive cells were significantly inhibited. In vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation / reoxygenation stroke model demonstrated that the unfolded protein response proteins GRP78 and PDI were upregulated by GUW. Less ubiquitin puncta and normalized ubiquitin distribution indicated the reduction in endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, a lower Evan blue signal and MMPsense signal was observed, suggesting that GUW may preserve the blood brain barrier integrity through inhibiting MMP activity. Taken together, this suggested that GUW protected ischemic neurons and the blood brain barrier through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

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