Inhibition of MDR/MRSA Bacterial Biofilms by the Antimicrobial Peptides Esculaentin 1-A and OH-CATH-30 Monitored by a Thermal Sensor System in Real-Time

The increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in pathogenic bacteria is a global threat to human and veterinary medicine. Beyond antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) might be an alternative to inhibit the growth of bacteria, including AMR pathogens, on different surfaces. Biofilm formation, which starts out as bacterial adhesion, poses additional challenges for antibiotics targeting bacterial cells. The objective of this study was to establish a real-time method for the monitoring of the inhibition of (a) bacterial adhesion to a defined substrate and (b) biofilm formation by AMPs using an innovative thermal sensor. We provide evidence that the thermal sensor enables continuous monitoring of the effect of two potent AMPs, protamine and OH-CATH-30, on surface colonization of bovine mastitis-associated Escherichia (E.) coli and Staphylococcus (S.) aureus. The bacteria were grown under static conditions on the surface of the sensor membrane, on which temperature oscillations generated by a heater structure were detected by an amorphous germanium thermistor. Bacterial adhesion, which was confirmed by white light interferometry, caused a detectable amplitude change and phase shift. To our knowledge, the thermal measurement system has never been used to assess the effect of AMPs on bacterial adhesion in real time before. The system could be used to screen and evaluate bacterial adhesion inhibition of both known and novel AMPs.

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PyTHang: an open-source wearable sensor system for real-time monitoring of head-torso angle for ambulatory applications

Computer Methods in Biomechanics & Biomedical Engineering ◽

10.1080/10255842.2020.1864822 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Güray Gürkan

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Real Time ◽

Sensor System ◽

Wearable Sensor ◽

Real Time Monitoring ◽

Torso Angle

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A Real Time Vehicle Collision Sensor and Reporting System Using Load Sensor, GSM and GPS Technology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.1740 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 718-720 ◽

pp. 1740-1745

Author(s):

Tulu Muluneh Mekonnen ◽

De Ning Jiang ◽

Yong Xin Feng

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Pressure Sensor ◽

Reporting System ◽

Electronic Device ◽

Text Message ◽

Sensor System ◽

Gps Receiver ◽

Gps Technology ◽

Vehicle Collision ◽

Load Sensor

Vehicle collision sensor system and reporting accident to police is an electronic device installed in a vehicle to inform police man in case of accident to track the vehicles location. This system works using pressure sensor, GPS and GSM technology. These technology embedded together to sense the vehicle collision and indicate the position of the vehicle or locate the place of accident in order to solve the problem immediately (as soon as possible).For doing so AT89S52 microcontroller is interfaced serially to a GSM modem, GPS receiver, and pressure sensor. A GSM modem is used to send the position (Latitude and Longitude) of the vehicle, the plate of the vehicle and the SMS text from the accident place. The GPS modem will continuously give the data (longitude and latitude) and Load sensor senses the collision of the vehicle against obstacles and input to microcontroller. As load sensor senses the collision, the GSM start to send the plate of the vehicle, text message and the position of the vehicle in terms of latitude and longitude in real time.

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Development of a Raspberry Pi-Based Sensor System for Automated In-Field Monitoring to Support Crop Breeding Programs

Inventions ◽

10.3390/inventions6020042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 42

Author(s):

Worasit Sangjan ◽

Arron H. Carter ◽

Michael O. Pumphrey ◽

Vadim Jitkov ◽

Sindhuja Sankaran

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Imaging System ◽

Crop Growth ◽

Sensor System ◽

Plant Phenotyping ◽

Raspberry Pi ◽

The Internet ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Crop Breeding ◽

Breeding Programs

Sensor applications for plant phenotyping can advance and strengthen crop breeding programs. One of the powerful sensing options is the automated sensor system, which can be customized and applied for plant science research. The system can provide high spatial and temporal resolution data to delineate crop interaction with weather changes in a diverse environment. Such a system can be integrated with the internet to enable the internet of things (IoT)-based sensor system development for real-time crop monitoring and management. In this study, the Raspberry Pi-based sensor (imaging) system was fabricated and integrated with a microclimate sensor to evaluate crop growth in a spring wheat breeding trial for automated phenotyping applications. Such an in-field sensor system will increase the reproducibility of measurements and improve the selection efficiency by investigating dynamic crop responses as well as identifying key growth stages (e.g., heading), assisting in the development of high-performing crop varieties. In the low-cost system developed here-in, a Raspberry Pi computer and multiple cameras (RGB and multispectral) were the main components. The system was programmed to automatically capture and manage the crop image data at user-defined time points throughout the season. The acquired images were suitable for extracting quantifiable plant traits, and the images were automatically processed through a Python script (an open-source programming language) to extract vegetation indices, representing crop growth and overall health. Ongoing efforts are conducted towards integrating the sensor system for real-time data monitoring via the internet that will allow plant breeders to monitor multiple trials for timely crop management and decision making.

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Phase unwrapping algorithms for use in a true real-time optical body sensor system for use during radiotherapy

Applied Optics ◽

10.1364/ao.50.006430 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 50 (35) ◽

pp. 6430 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

James Parkhurst ◽

Gareth Price ◽

Phil Sharrock ◽

Christopher Moore

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Phase Unwrapping ◽

Sensor System

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Brevinin-2 Drug Family—New Applied Peptide Candidates Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Their Effects on Lys-7 Expression of Innate Immune Pathway DAF-2/DAF-16 in Caenorhabditis elegans

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app8122627 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 2627

Author(s):

Hui Xie ◽

Yonghua Zhan ◽

Xueli Chen ◽

Qi Zeng ◽

Dan Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Survival Rate ◽

Caenorhabditis Elegans ◽

Antimicrobial Peptides ◽

Real Time ◽

Innate Immune ◽

C Elegans ◽

New Drug ◽

Immune Pathway ◽

Innate Immune Pathway

The issue of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) developing a resistance to drugs such as methicillin has long been the focus for new drug development. In recent years, antimicrobial peptides, such as small molecular peptides with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and special antibacterial mechanism, have shown a strong medicinal potential. In particular, the Brevinin-2 family has been shown to have a significant inhibitory effect against gram-positive bacteria (G+). In this study, we researched the influence of MRSA on the behavior and survival rate of nematodes. We established an assay of Caenorhabditis elegans–MRSA antimicrobial peptides to screen for new potent anti-infective peptides against MRSA. From the Brevinin-2 family, 13 peptides that had shown strong effects on G+ were screened for their ability to prolong the lifespan of infected worms. Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) tests were used to evaluate the effect on the innate immune pathway dauer formation defective (DAF)-2/DAF-16 of C. elegans. The assay successfully screened and filtered out four of the 13 peptides that significantly improved the survival rate of MRSA-infected worms. The result of real-time PCR indicated that the mRNA and protein expression levels of lys-7 were consistently upregulated by being treated with four of the Brevinin-2 family. The Brevinin-2 family peptides, including Brevinin-2, Brevinin-2-OA3, Brevinin-2ISb, and Brevinin-2TSa, also played an active role in the DAF-2/DAF-16 pathway in C. elegans. We successfully demonstrated the utility of anti-infective peptides that prolong the survival rate of the MRSA-infected host and discovered the relationship between antibacterial peptides and the innate immune system of C. elegans. We demonstrated the antimicrobial effects of Brevinin-2 family peptides, indicating their potential for use as new drug candidates against MRSA infections.

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