scholarly journals The Past, Present and Future of Allergic Diseases in China

Allergy ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luo Zhang ◽  
Cezmi A Akdis
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Past

Biological therapy of allergic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Elena S. Fedenko ◽  
Olga G. Elisyutina ◽  
Natalia I. Il`ina
Keyword(s):  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Antiviral Medications

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2-induced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, continued to spread across the globe and spanned 188 countries. Under the new circumstances treatment approach for T2 allergic diseases such as asthma, chronic hives, atopic dermatitis, and sinusitis with polyps has been changed. In the past years, new biological therapies monoclonal antibodies for these diseases have been developed targeting different aspects of the type 2 immune response. New knowledge on the COVID-19 disease course raises many issues around the safety of biologicals in patients with active infection, as well as their interactions with antiviral medications. In Russia new biological therapies entered clinical practice but its effectiveness and safety still are not known. This newsletter is based on Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement and the latest scientific data.

Therapeutic immunomodulators from nematode parasites

2008 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Harnett ◽  
Margaret M. Harnett
Keyword(s):  
Animal Models ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Therapeutic Efficacy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
The Past ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Immunomodulatory Properties

There has been an alarming increase in the incidence of autoimmune and allergic diseases in Western countries in the past few decades. However, in countries endemic for parasitic helminth infections, such diseases remain relatively rare. Hence, it has been hypothesised that helminths may protect against the development of autoimmunity and allergy. This article reviews the evidence supporting this idea with respect to helminths of the phylum Nematoda (nematodes), considering data from human studies and animal models of inflammatory disease. The nature and mode of action of nematode-derived molecules with immunomodulatory properties are considered, and their therapeutic efficacy in models of autoimmunity and allergy described. The recent and future use of nematodes and their products in treating human disease are also discussed.

scholarly journals Asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in Quito, Ecuador: a comparative cross-sectional study 16 years after ISAAC

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e001004
Author(s):  
Angelita Cabrera ◽  
Cesar Picado ◽  
Alejandro Rodriguez ◽  
Luis Garcia-Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
International Study ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adolescent Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Eye Symptoms

BackgroundIn 2003, the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) estimated the prevalence of asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms in Quito, Ecuador. Since then, no update of this study has been done in the last years. This study examined changes in the prevalence of asthma–rhinitis–eczema symptoms over a 16 years period in Quito and explored possible risk factors.MethodsWe conducted a comparative cross-sectional study in an adolescent population following the Global Asthma Network (GAN) methodology. A written questionnaire was used to explore symptoms of asthma–rhinitis–eczema. We calculated the prevalence and 95% CIs for each of the symptoms and compared them with the ISAAC results. We conducted bivariate and multivariate analysis using logistic regression to identify possible risk factors for recent wheeze, rhinitis and eczema.ResultsA total of 2380 adolescents aged between 13 and 14 years were evaluated. The prevalence of doctor diagnosis for asthma, rhinitis and eczema was 3.4%, 8.5% and 2.2%, respectively. Compared with ISAAC results, we found a lower prevalence of wheeze and eczema symptoms: wheeze ever (37.6% vs 12.7%), recent wheeze (17.8% vs 6.5%), asthma ever (6.9% vs 4.6%), recent rush (22.4% vs 13.9%) and eczema ever (11.7% vs 3.6%). The prevalence of rhinitis symptoms in the GAN study was higher than the ISAAC results: nose symptoms in the past 12 months (36.6% vs 45.8%) and nose and eye symptoms in the past 12 months (23.1% vs 27.9). Significant associations were observed between symptoms of asthma–rhinitis–eczema and sex, race/ethnicity, smoking habit, physical exercise and sedentary activities.ConclusionsIn the last two decades, the prevalence of asthma and eczema symptoms in adolescent population in the city of Quito has significantly declined; however, the prevalence of rhinitis symptoms has increased. The reduction in asthma symptoms could be related to better managing the disease and changes in local environmental risk factors in the last years. Further studies must be conducted in the country to evaluate the change in trends in asthma and other related allergic diseases.

scholarly journals The Association Between Intestinal Bacteria and Allergic Diseases—Cause or Consequence?

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Han ◽  
Jian-Qing Gu ◽  
Li-Sha Li ◽  
Xue-Yan Wang ◽  
Hong-Tian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Intestinal Bacteria ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Microbial Analysis ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Allergic Disorders

The incidence of allergic disorders has been increasing over the past few decades, especially in industrialized countries. Allergies can affect people of any age. The pathogenesis of allergic diseases is complex and involves genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors, and the response to medication is very variable. For some patients, avoidance is the sole effective therapy, and only when the triggers are identifiable. In recent years, the intestinal microbiota has emerged as a significant contributor to the development of allergic diseases. However, the precise mechanisms related to the effects of the microbiome on the pathogenesis of allergic diseases are unknown. This review summarizes the recent association between allergic disorders and intestinal bacterial dysbiosis, describes the function of gut microbes in allergic disease development from both preclinical and clinical studies, discusses the factors that influence gut microbial diversity and advanced techniques used in microbial analysis. Ultimately, more studies are required to define the host-microbial relationship relevant to allergic disorders and amenable to new therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Bio Immune(G)ene Medicine and the Use of miRNAs to Regulate the Cell

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Collateral Damage ◽  
Rna Molecules ◽  
The Past ◽  
Needed Information ◽  
Non Coding Rna

MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are a type of non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the gene expression in a negative way, by downregulating the gene expression mainly at the post-transcriptional level, either by the mRNA degradation process or the inhibition of the translation. The role that many miRNAs play in the pathogenesis of several diseases is well known, such as in the inflammation process, in several steps of the oncogenesis or the metabolism of several virus and bacteria among many others. One of the main limitations in the therapeutic use of miRNAs is the ability to reach the target, as well as doing so without causing any collateral damage. One microRNA can indeed regulate up to 200 target-genes, and one gene can be influenced by a lot of different microRNAs. This is the purpose of the Bio Immune(G)ene Medicine: to achieve the cell without harm, use all the molecular resources available, especially epigenetic with the microRNAs, and to restore the cell homeostasis. The Bio Immune(G)ene Medicine only seeks to play a regulatory biomimetic role, to give the cell the needed information for its own right regulation. Our experience in cell regulation for the past few years has shown the way to fight, for instance, against the deleterious effects of viruses or bacteria in the lymphocytes, also at the background of many autoimmune or allergic diseases, as well as to regulate many other pathological processes. To fulfil this purpose, nanobiotechnology is used to reach the targets; we thus introduce very low doses of miRNAs in nano compounds with the aim to promote the regulation of the main signalling pathways disturbed in a given pathology.

scholarly journals Biological drugs in the therapy of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma: focus on dupilumab

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Vera A. Reviakina ◽  
Natalia A. Geppe ◽  
Aleksandr B. Malakhov ◽  
Oleg V. Kaliuzhin ◽  
Natalia G. Astaf'eva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
The Past

Significant progress has been made over the past decade in the treatment of allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Dupilumab, which targets interleukin IL-4 and IL-13, has become an innovative targeted therapy. Immunobiologic therapy with the interleukin inhibitor is indicated for patients with moderate to severe uncontrolled atopic dermatitis, moderate to severe eosinophilic phenotype of uncontrolled Bronchial asthma and patients with poorly controlled severe chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis. A clinical case and recent data on the use of dupilumab for the treatment of type 2 inflammatory disease and prospects for its use are discussed.

scholarly journals Allergic march in children of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
О.P. Volosovets  ◽  
Yu.K. Bolbot ◽  
G.V. Beketova ◽  
V.S. Berezenko ◽  
T.R. Umanets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
The Past ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Allergic March ◽  
Analyze Data

Allergic diseases, which have a certain stage in their development from food allergy to bronchial asthma / allergic rhinitis, are much more common in children than in adults. The aim of this study was to analyze data on the prevalence and incidence of atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis as components of the allergic march, in children of Ukraine from 1994 to 2017 to determine the possible impact of adverse environmental factors on their development. During the same period, due to the influence of a number of factors, in particular environmental, there were significant changes in the structure of allergic diseases making up the stages of the allergic march due to an increase in the proportion of allergic rhinitis with the reduced one of asthma and atopic dermatitis. Within 24 years, the incidence of atopic dermatitis in children aged 0-6 years including, increased by 27.6%, in adolescents - by 40.5% and significantly decreased by 39.5% in children aged 7-14 years including. Most cases of allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma were observed in schoolchildren (47.6 and 54.0%, respectively) with a slight decrease compared to 1994. In general, allergic diseases in recent years have become more common in children from 0 to 6 years and their detection has decreased in school-age children and adolescents. Over the past 24 years, in children of Ukraine a steady increase in the incidence and prevalence of allergic diseases that form an allergic march has been noted: the prevalence of bronchial asthma has increased by 69.3% and the incidence has increased by 22.9%; the prevalence of atopic dermatitis increased by 43.9% and the incidence increased by 8.3%; the prevalence of allergic rhinitis increased by 488.3% and the incidence of allergic rhinitis increased by 380.3%, with a predominance of detection of this pathology in children from regions with developed infrastructure and industry, where there are significant emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere, that have a direct moderate effect on the increase in the prevalence of bronchial asthma, the incidence and prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children.

scholarly journals Immunological Roles of NLR in Allergic Diseases and Its Underlying Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Miranda Sin-Man Tsang ◽  
Tianheng Hou ◽  
Ben Chung-Lap Chan ◽  
Chun Kwok Wong
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Surveillance ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
The Past ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Oligomerization Domain

Our understanding on the immunological roles of pathogen recognition in innate immunity has vastly increased over the past 20 years. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLR) are cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRR) that are responsible for sensing microbial motifs and endogenous damage signals in mammalian cytosol for immune surveillance and host defense. The accumulating discoveries on these NLR sensors in allergic diseases suggest that the pathogenesis of allergic diseases may not be confined to the adaptive immune response. Therapy targeting NLR in murine models also shields light on its potential in the treatment of allergies in man. In this review, we herein summarize the recent understanding of the role of NLR sensors and their molecular mechanisms involved in allergic inflammation, including atopic dermatitis and allergic asthma.

scholarly journals CpG Adjuvant in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy: Finding the Sweet Spot for the Induction of Immune Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillem Montamat ◽  
Cathy Leonard ◽  
Aurélie Poli ◽  
Ludger Klimek ◽  
Markus Ollert
Keyword(s):  
Immune Tolerance ◽  
Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Prolonged Treatment ◽  
Cpg Odn ◽  
Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽  
Immune Modulator ◽  
The Past ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Ige Mediated

Prevalence and incidence of IgE-mediated allergic diseases have increased over the past years in developed and developing countries. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is currently the only curative treatment available for allergic diseases that has long-term efficacy. Although AIT has been proven successful as an immunomodulatory therapy since its beginnings, it still faces several unmet needs and challenges today. For instance, some patients can experience severe side effects, others are non-responders, and prolonged treatment schedules can lead to lack of patient adherence and therapy discontinuation. A common strategy to improve AIT relies on the use of adjuvants and immune modulators to boost its effects and improve its safety. Among the adjuvants tested for their clinical efficacy, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) was investigated with limited success and without reaching phase III trials for clinical allergy treatment. However, recently discovered immune tolerance-promoting properties of CpG-ODN place this adjuvant again in a prominent position as an immune modulator for the treatment of allergic diseases. Indeed, it has been shown that the CpG-ODN dose and concentration are crucial in promoting immune regulation through the recruitment of pDCs. While low doses induce an inflammatory response, high doses of CpG-ODN trigger a tolerogenic response that can reverse a pre-established allergic milieu. Consistently, CpG-ODN has also been found to stimulate IL-10 producing B cells, so-called B regulatory cells (Bregs). Accordingly, CpG-ODN has shown its capacity to prevent and revert allergic reactions in several animal models showing its potential as both preventive and active treatment for IgE-mediated allergy. In this review, we describe how CpG-ODN-based therapies for allergic diseases, despite having shown limited success in the past, can still be exploited further as an adjuvant or immune modulator in the context of AIT and deserves additional attention. Here, we discuss the past and current knowledge, which highlights CpG-ODN as a potential adjuvant to be reevaluated for the enhancement of AIT when used in appropriate conditions and formulations.

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