Biological therapy of allergic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-120
Author(s):  
Elena S. Fedenko ◽  
Olga G. Elisyutina ◽  
Natalia I. Il`ina
Keyword(s):  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Treatment Approach ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Active Infection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Antiviral Medications

The outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2-induced Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, continued to spread across the globe and spanned 188 countries. Under the new circumstances treatment approach for T2 allergic diseases such as asthma, chronic hives, atopic dermatitis, and sinusitis with polyps has been changed. In the past years, new biological therapies monoclonal antibodies for these diseases have been developed targeting different aspects of the type 2 immune response. New knowledge on the COVID-19 disease course raises many issues around the safety of biologicals in patients with active infection, as well as their interactions with antiviral medications. In Russia new biological therapies entered clinical practice but its effectiveness and safety still are not known. This newsletter is based on Considerations on Biologicals for Patients with allergic disease in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: an EAACI Statement and the latest scientific data.

scholarly journals Biological drugs in the therapy of atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma: focus on dupilumab

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-137
Author(s):  
Vera A. Reviakina ◽  
Natalia A. Geppe ◽  
Aleksandr B. Malakhov ◽  
Oleg V. Kaliuzhin ◽  
Natalia G. Astaf'eva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
The Past

Significant progress has been made over the past decade in the treatment of allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and bronchial asthma. Dupilumab, which targets interleukin IL-4 and IL-13, has become an innovative targeted therapy. Immunobiologic therapy with the interleukin inhibitor is indicated for patients with moderate to severe uncontrolled atopic dermatitis, moderate to severe eosinophilic phenotype of uncontrolled Bronchial asthma and patients with poorly controlled severe chronic polyposis rhinosinusitis. A clinical case and recent data on the use of dupilumab for the treatment of type 2 inflammatory disease and prospects for its use are discussed.

scholarly journals Biological treatment provides disease-modifying immunological effects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Shamji ◽  
Elizabeth Palmer ◽  
Janice Layhadi ◽  
Theo Moraes ◽  
Thomas Eiwegger
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Immunological Effects

Advances in molecular biology alongside the accelerated development of gene and cell engineering have contributed to the development of several endotype-targeted biological therapies against chronic immune-mediated allergic diseases. Conventional therapies for asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis (CRSwNP), chronic spontaneous urticaria and atopic dermatitis (AD) are not without limitations, and as such the advent of biological therapies have provided a promising alternative treatment option. Biologicals have proven efficacious in the treatment of refractory chronic spontaneous urticaria, asthma, AD, CRSwNP and there is increasing evidence for their utility in treating food allergy. Biologicals are applied and investigated for the most urgent need: acute treatment, symptom control and reduction of steroid usage. Currently there are five approved biologicals for allergic disease management, targeted against IgE (omalizumab), type 2 (T2) cytokines and cytokine receptors (IL-4Ra; dupilumab, IL-5; mepolizumab/reslizumab, IL-5Ra; benralizumab).

scholarly journals The Role of Lifestyle, Eating Habits and Social Environment in the Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1460
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Karatzi ◽  
Yannis Manios
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Major Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension are major health problems, with an undisputed growth burden in the past decades [...]

scholarly journals Management of Patients under Treatment with Monoclonal Antibodies and New Biological Therapies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4865
Author(s):  
Marta Amigo-Basilio ◽  
Covadonga Álvarez-González ◽  
Carlos Cobo-Vázquez ◽  
Isabel Leco-Berrocal ◽  
Luis Miguel Sáez-Alcaide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Design Analysis ◽  
Biological Therapies ◽  
Analysis Of Cases

Objective: The aim of this study is to know the biological therapy drugs that are related to adverse events, what dental treatments are associated with the appearance of these events, their severity, and how they are resolved. Study design: Analysis of cases described in the literature on patients undergoing treatment with biological therapies who have developed adverse effects associated with these drugs. Results: Of the 62 articles reviewed, 49 describe 68 cases of MRONJ, most of which appeared in the jaw and received surgical and/or conservative treatment. Conclusions: Biological therapies can potentially develop adverse effects in the oral cavity, so strict monitoring by the dentist is necessary.

scholarly journals Challenge of diabetes mellitus and researchers’ contributions to its control

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 614-634
Author(s):  
Ayodele T. Odularu ◽  
Peter A. Ajibade
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Type 3

Abstract The aim of this review study was to assess the past significant events on diabetes mellitus, transformations that took place over the years in the medical records of treatment, countries involved, and the researchers who brought about the revolutions. This study used the content analysis to report the existence of diabetes mellitus and the treatments provided by researchers to control it. The focus was mainly on three main types of diabetes (type 1, type 2, and type 3 diabetes). Ethical consideration has also helped to boost diabetic studies globally. The research has a history path from pharmaceuticals of organic-based drugs to metal-based drugs with their nanoparticles in addition to the impacts of nanomedicine, biosensors, and telemedicine. Ongoing and future studies in alternative medicine such as vanadium nanoparticles (metal nanoparticles) are promising.

Vitamin D Status in a Bulgarian Population With Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Foot Ulcers

2020 ◽  
pp. 153473462096582
Author(s):  
Ani S. Todorova ◽  
Edward B. Jude ◽  
Rumyana B. Dimova ◽  
Nevena Y. Chakarova ◽  
Mina S. Serdarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Foot Ulcers ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcers ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Active Infection

The aim of this study was to assess vitamin D status in patients with type 2 diabetes and diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). A total of 242 participants with type 2 diabetes, mean age 59.1 ± 10 years, mean body mass index 31.4 ± 6.3 kg/m2, and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥45 mL/min/1.73m2, were divided into 2 groups: 73 with DFU (35 with and 38 without active infection) and 169 without DFU (106 with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, 63 without complications). Neuropathy was assessed by 10 g monofilament, Rydel-Seiffer 128 Hz tuning fork, and temperature discrimination. Serum 25(OH)D (25-hydroxy vitamin D) was assessed by ECLIA (electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay) method. Median 25(OH)D level was 12.6 ng/mL (IQR [interquartile range] 9.3-17.6 ng/mL) in the studied cohort. The DFU group presented with lower 25(OH)D level as compared with diabetic patients without foot ulcers (non-DFU group): 11.6 ng/mL (IQR 8.5-15.8 ng/mL) versus 13.5 ng/mL (IQR 9.6-18.6 ng/mL), P = .001; the diabetic peripheral neuropathy subgroup demonstrated lower 25(OH)D level in comparison with participants without complications: 12.5 ng/mL (IQR 9-17.2 ng/mL) versus 15.9 ng/mL (IQR 10.4-20.8 ng/mL), P = .031. This remained significantly different even after correction for age and duration of diabetes. There was no difference in 25(OH)D level between the subgroups according to the presence of active infection. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency may play a role in the development of diabetes complications.

A non-canonical type 2 immune response coordinates tuberculous granuloma formation and epithelialization

Cell ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark R. Cronan ◽  
Erika J. Hughes ◽  
W. Jared Brewer ◽  
Gopinath Viswanathan ◽  
Emily G. Hunt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Granuloma Formation ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response ◽  
Tuberculous Granuloma ◽  
Canonical Type

scholarly journals Dairy Heifers Naturally Exposed toFasciola hepaticaDevelop a Type 2 Immune Response and Concomitant Suppression of Leukocyte Proliferation

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Graham-Brown ◽  
Catherine Hartley ◽  
Helen Clough ◽  
Aras Kadioglu ◽  
Matthew Baylis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Serum Antibody ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Type 2 Immune Response

ABSTRACTFasciola hepaticais a parasitic trematode of global importance in livestock. Control strategies reliant on anthelmintics are unsustainable due to the emergence of drug resistance. Vaccines are under development, but efficacies are variable. Evidence from experimental infection suggests that vaccine efficacy may be affected by parasite-induced immunomodulation. Little is known about the immune response toF. hepaticafollowing natural exposure. Hence, we analyzed the immune responses over time in calves naturally exposed toF. hepaticainfection. Cohorts of replacement dairy heifer calves (n= 42) with no prior exposure toF. hepatica, on three commercial dairy farms, were sampled over the course of a grazing season. Exposure was determined through anF. hepatica-specific serum antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and fluke egg counts. Concurrent changes in peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokine responses were measured. Relationships between fluke infection and immune responses were analyzed by using multivariable linear mixed-effect models. All calves from one farm showed evidence of exposure, while cohorts from the remaining two farms remained negative over the grazing season. A type 2 immune response was associated with exposure, with increased interleukin-4 (IL-4) production, IL-5 transcription, and eosinophilia. Suppression of parasite-specific peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation was evident, while decreased mitogen-stimulated gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production suggested immunomodulation, which was not restricted to parasite-specific responses. Our findings show that the global immune response is modulated toward a nonproliferative type 2 state following natural challenge withF. hepatica. This has implications in terms of the timing of the administration of vaccination programs and for host susceptibility to coinfecting pathogens.

Children have type 2 diabetes too: an historical perspective

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J. Dean ◽  
Elizabeth A.C. Sellers
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
End Stage

Prior to 1985, type 2 diabetes was a disease of adults. Simultaneously with the global epidemic of childhood obesity, type 2 diabetes has increased in children. Initially, the presentation of small case series of type 2 diabetes in children was met with skepticism. As the number and size of the case series grew and the first long-term outcomes of end-stage complications in young adults appeared in the literature, the international community took notice with guarded interest. Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects the children of specific ethnic groups and from disadvantaged socioeconomic environments, especially Indigenous populations. The past decade has seen unprecedented intense global interest in the etiology, treatment, and prevention of type 2 diabetes in children.

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