Whiplash Headache is Transitory Worsening of a Pre-Existing Primary Headache

Cephalalgia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Stovner ◽  
D Obelieniene
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Headache Diagnosis ◽  
Police Records ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Chronic Whiplash

Acute and chronic whiplash headache are new diagnostic entities in the ICHD-2 (5.3, 5.4). In a prospective cohort study, 210 rear-end collision victims were identified consecutively from police records and asked about head and neck pain in questionnaires after 2 weeks, 3 months and 1 year. The results were compared with those of matched controls who were also followed for 1 year. Of 210 accident victims, 75 developed headache within 7 days. Of these, 37 had also neck pain and complied with the criteria for acute whiplash headache. These 37 had the same headache diagnoses, headache features, accompanying symptoms and long-term prognosis as the 38 without initial neck pain who therefore did not comply with the acute whiplash headache diagnosis. Previous headache was a major risk factor for headache both in the acute and chronic stage. Compared with the non-traumatized controls, headache in the whiplash group had the same prevalence, the same diagnoses and characteristic features, and the same prognosis. Both acute and chronic whiplash headache lack specificity compared with the headache in a control group, and have the same long-term prognosis, indicating that such headaches are primary headaches, probably elicited by the stress of the situation.

Automatic diagnosis of primary headaches by machine learning methods

Open Medicine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Krawczyk ◽  
Dragan Simić ◽  
Svetlana Simić ◽  
Michał Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Headache Diagnosis

AbstractPrimary headaches are common disease of the modern society and it has high negative impact on the productivity and the life quality of the affected person. Unfortunately, the precise diagnosis of the headache type is hard and usually imprecise, thus methods of headache diagnosis are still the focus of intense research. The paper introduces the problem of the primary headache diagnosis and presents its current taxonomy. The considered problem is simplified into the three class classification task which is solved using advanced machine learning techniques. Experiments, carried out on the large dataset collected by authors, confirmed that computer decision support systems can achieve high recognition accuracy and therefore be a useful tool in an everyday physician practice. This is the starting point for the future research on automation of the primary headache diagnosis.

Psychopathology in children and adolescents with primary headaches: Categorical and dimensional approaches

Cephalalgia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 1311-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Margari ◽  
Elisabetta Lucarelli ◽  
Francesco Craig ◽  
Maria G Petruzzelli ◽  
Paola A Lecce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Child Psychopathology ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Emotional And Behavioral Problems ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Type Headache

Background Recurrent headache is common in childhood, but there is not a great amount of data on the associations between headaches and psychopathology in children. Objective The aim of this study is to examine the relationships between primary headaches and psychopathology in children, using both the categorical and dimensional assessment. Methods The sample consisted of 70 patients with primary headache compared to a matched sample of 50 healthy children. Psychiatric comorbidity was defined according to the diagnostic criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disorders. Child psychopathology outcomes were assessed using child- and parent-reported standardized instruments. Results Internalizing and externalizing problems were significantly represented among children with headaches compared to the control group, respectively 63% and 27%, without significant differences between migraine and tension-type headache children. Moreover, a total of 26% of the children with a headache reported psychiatric comorbidity such as anxiety and mood disorders. Conclusion The dimensional approach improves accuracy in the recognition of emotional and behavioral problems compared to the categorical approach; however, the use of both of these approaches could be useful for clinical practice, treatment and research.

scholarly journals P187 Not a headache clinic: giant cell arteritis fast track pathways (GCA-FTP) need not be overwhelming

Rheumatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Spray ◽  
Gary Reynolds ◽  
Karolyn Houghton ◽  
Ben Hargreaves ◽  
Jonathon Heaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fast Track ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Temporal Artery ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Headache Diagnosis ◽  
High Tariff ◽  
Headache Clinic ◽  
Term Management

Abstract Background False positive and negative GCA diagnoses lead to significant morbidity. GCA Fast Track Pathways (GCA-FTP) are advocated in the NHS. Concern that these become ‘headache clinics’, lack of access to temporal artery ultrasound (TAUS) and biopsy (TAB) are cited as barriers to provision. We present prospectively collected data from referrals to our GCA-FTP demonstrating that this has not occurred in our service. Methods Rheumatology leads our GCA-FTP providing initial investigation, TAUS for all patients and long-term management when GCA is diagnosed. Ophthalmology is the point of access for patients with visual symptoms and, if required, TAB. Results Referral numbers for calendar years 2014 through 2018 were 70, 97, 134, 180 & 175 respectively. TAB was requested for 29, 43, 49, 57 and 41 patients and GCA diagnosed in 29, 34, 33, 43 & 40 patients per year. In 2017-18, TAUS without biopsy supported a diagnosis of GCA in 58 and excluded it in 199. Across 2017 and 2018 we received 356 referrals: 43.5% from ophthalmology, 34.3% primary care and 11.0% medicine. 59.3% were on corticosteroids. Mean age was 71 years, 73.3% were female. GCA was diagnosed in 83 (23.3%). Mean duration of symptoms at first review was 38 ±4.4 days in GCA patients and 58 ±6.4 days in non-GCA patients. Characteristic GCA clinical features were significantly higher in the GCA group (Table 1). Non-GCA final diagnoses were ophthalmic (NIAON) (13.8%) and musculoskeletal related (12.2%). 7.0% of patients received a primary headache diagnosis. In 41.4% no cause was recorded, and patients were discharged to their GP with corticosteroids stopped. Conclusion A GCA-FTP can be a predictable service to manage. Clinical review by an experienced doctor distinguishes many non-GCA presentations from GCA when seen promptly. Most patients with GCA will be seen by rheumatology during their disease course. Distinguishing non-GCA diagnoses at later time points is significantly more challenging and means patients are exposed unnecessarily to high dose steroid, often for many months. TAUS and TAB are useful adjuncts to diagnosis and required for use of high tariff drugs. Lack of access need not however mean deferring setting up a GCA-FTP. Disclosures L. Spray None. G. Reynolds None. K. Houghton None. B. Hargreaves None. J. Heaney None. B. Thompson None. A. Lorenzi None.

Primary Headaches: Reduced Circulating β-Lipotropin and β-Endorphin Levels with Impaired Reactivity to Acupuncture

Cephalalgia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 195-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Facchinetti ◽  
G. Nappi ◽  
F. Savoldi ◽  
A. R. Genazzani
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Chronic Headache ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Chinese Acupuncture ◽  
Daily Chronic Headache

Eleven patients affected by common migraine (CM), eleven affected by daily chronic headache (DCH), and eight healthy volunteers were studied. Plasma levels of β-endorphin (βEP), β-lipotropin (βLPH), ACTH and cortisol were measured in basal conditions and after traditional Chinese acupuncture (TCA). Basal βLPH and βEP plasma levels (pg/ml) in the DCH patients (57.6 ± 9.5 and 16.8 ± 2.5, respectively; M ± SE) were lower than those found in the controls (83.6 ± 13.7 and 26.0 ± 6.1; p < 0.001), while those found in the CM cases showed intermediate values (75.3 ± 12.0 and 24.4 ± 5.8). ACTH and cortisol concentrations in both the CM and DCH patients were in the same range as those of the control group. TCA caused an increase in βLPH and βEP plasma concentrations in the control group (βLPH: 117 ± 16.9; βEF: 44.6 ± 6.7). Opioid plasma levels, however, remained unmodified after TCA in both the CM and DCH groups. ACTH plasma levels remained stable after TCA in all three subject groups. Patients suffering from primary headache are characterized by low βLPH and βEP plasma levels and by a poor reactivity of circulating opioids to non-stressful stimuli.

The Prognosis of Psychiatric Disorders in Young Norwegian Men

1973 ◽  
Vol 122 (567) ◽  
pp. 125-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arne Sund
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Compulsory Military Service ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
The Military

The aim of this social-psychiatric and personal follow-up examination has been to illustrate the long-term prognosis of Norwegian youth suffering from psychiatric disorders which initially presented during peacetime compulsory military service. The follow-up examinations were conducted personally, and a control group of presumed healthy men was also followed. Sund (1968, 1970) has made a systematic comparison between the patient group and the control group concerning prognosis. Here, therefore, the main emphasis will be on a comparison of the courses followed by clinically different diagnostic sub-group. Eitinger (1950) showed the necessity of undertaking personal follow-up examinations in order to map out the prognosis for this kind of patient. Prognostic studies outside Scandinavia have been reported by Ginzberg et al. (1959), by Glass et al. (1956) and by Plag and Arthur (1965). However, the periods of observation in these studies have been short; moreover, adjustment to the military system was the objective, and the cases were not personally examined in a follow-up. It has been difficult to find prognostic studies with sufficiently long observation periods and with personal follow-up to serve as an adequate basis of comparison with our material. To a large extent, therefore, we have chosen to see the development of our patients in relation to our knowledge of psychiatric reactions in the rest of the population.

Prevalence of neck pain in migraine and tension-type headache: A population study

Cephalalgia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sait Ashina ◽  
Lars Bendtsen ◽  
Ann C Lyngberg ◽  
Richard B Lipton ◽  
Nazrin Hajiyeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Primary Headache ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tension Type Headache ◽  
Primary Headaches ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type Headache ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Reported Data

Background We assessed the prevalence of neck pain in the population in relation to headache. Methods In a cross-sectional study, a total of 797 individuals completed a headache interview and provided self-reported data on neck pain. We identified migraine, TTH or both migraine and TTH (M+TTH) groups. Pericranial tenderness was recorded in 496 individuals. A total tenderness score (TTS) was calculated as the sum of local scores with a maximum score of 48. Results The one-year prevalence of neck pain was 68.4% and higher in those with vs. without primary headache (85.7% vs. 56.7%; adjusted OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.0–4.4, p < 0.001). Adjusting for age, gender, education and poor self-rated health, in comparison with those without headaches, the prevalence of neck pain (56.7%) was significantly higher in those with M+TTH (89.3%), pure TTH (88.4%) and pure migraine (76.2%) ( p < 0.05 for all three group comparisons). Individuals with neck pain had higher TTS than individuals without neck pain (15.1 ± 10.5 vs. 8.4 ± 8.0, p < 0.001). Conclusions Neck pain is highly prevalent in the general population and even more prevalent in individuals with primary headaches. Prevalence is highest in coexistent M+TTH, followed by pure TTH and migraine. Myofascial tenderness is significantly increased in individuals with neck pain.

scholarly journals Key factors of inflammation and long-term prognosis in patients with myocardial infarction and visceral obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
E. G. Uchasova ◽  
E. V. Belik ◽  
O. V. Gruzdeva ◽  
Y. A. Dileva ◽  
A. A. Kuzmina
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Vascular Complications ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Factor Α

Objective: To assess the relation between key factors of inflammation and myocardial infarction complications in different stages of the diseases in patients with visceral obesity.Methods: Men with the diagnosed myocardial infarction were examined: 64 of them with visceral obesity (the first group) and 30 of them without visceral obesity (the second group). On the 1s t and 12th day of hospitalization, the serum concentrations of interleukins (IL) 1β, 6, 8, 10 and 12, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined. The control group included 30 healthy men.Results: The cytokine profile in visceral obesity was characterized by the increase in concentration of proinflammatory ILs and the decrease in concentration of IL-10. The concentration increase was: 1.3 times for IL-1 and TNFα, 2 times for IL-12, 6 times for IL-6 and 24 times for IL-8 and CRP. The increase in IL-6 and CPR levels in blood serum was associated with the obesity.Conclusions: The development of adverse cardio‑ vascular complications a year later after the previous myocardial infarction is typical for patients with visceral obesity and is followed by the activation of proinflammatory cytokines and deficiency of IL-10. 

scholarly journals Effect of Acarbose on Long-Term Prognosis in Acute Coronary Syndromes Patients with Newly Diagnosed Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yun ◽  
Ai-ming Du ◽  
Xue-jun Chen ◽  
Jing-cheng Liu ◽  
Hu Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Adverse Cardiovascular Event ◽  
Coronary Syndromes ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Objective. To investigate the effect of acarbose therapy on the long-term prognosis of patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) complicating newly diagnosed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methodology. 135 patients hospitalized for ACS who had been newly diagnosed with IGT were randomly assigned to acarbose group (150 mg/day,n=67) or control group (no acarbose,n=68). All cases in each group were given the same elementary treatment. Mean follow-up was 2.3 years. The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) and carotid intima-middle thickness (CIMT) were statistically analyzed.Results. During the mean follow-up of 2.3 years, the risk of recurrent MACE in acarbose group was decreased significantly compared with that in control group (26.67% versus 46.88%,P<0.05); at the same time, thickening of the CIMT was significantly slower than the control group ((1.28 ± 0.42) mm versus (1.51 ± 0.64) mm,P<0.05).Conclusions. Acarbose can effectively reduce the risk of MACE in ACS patients with newly diagnosed IGT, simultaneously retarding the progression of carotid intima-media thickness.

Long-term prognosis in surgically treated intracranial aneurysms

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Artiola i Fortuny ◽  
Luis Prieto-Valiente
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Systemic Blood Pressure ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aneurysm Surgery ◽  
Systemic Blood ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

✓ An evaluation of long-term results following aneurysm surgery is presented. Five different outcome measures are used in a population of 204 survivors followed for a minimum of 18 months and a maximum of 5½ years. The findings show that 1) results vary depending on the outcome measure used, and 2) outcome can be predicted with a considerable degree of accuracy using preoperative and early postoperative variables. The most important predictive factors were postoperative vasospasm, age, systemic blood pressure on admission, and preoperative neurological status. The results are compared with a control group.

scholarly journals Echocardiographic characteristics of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1549-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Stöbe ◽  
Sarah Richter ◽  
Markus Seige ◽  
Sebastian Stehr ◽  
Ulrich Laufs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Strain ◽  
Viral Myocarditis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Biphasic Pattern ◽  
Echocardiographic Image ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Myocardial Involvement ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

Abstract Background Myocardial involvement induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection might be important for long-term prognosis. The aim of this observational study was to characterize the myocardial effects during SARS-CoV-2 infections by echocardiography. Results and methods An extended echocardiographic image acquisition protocol was performed in 18 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection assessing LV longitudinal, radial, and circumferential deformation including rotation, twist, and untwisting. Furthermore, LV deformation was analyzed in an age-matched control group of healthy individuals (n = 20). The most prevalent finding was a reduced longitudinal strain observed predominantly in more than one basal LV segment (n = 10/14 patients, 71%). This pattern reminded of a “reverse tako-tsubo” morphology that is not typical for other viral myocarditis. Additional findings included a biphasic pattern with maximum post-systolic or negative regional radial strain predominantly basal (n = 5/14 patients, 36%); the absence or dispersion of basal LV rotation (n = 6/14 patients, 43%); a reduced or positive regional circumferential strain in more than one segment (n = 7/14 patients, 50%); a net rotation showing late post-systolic twist or biphasic pattern (n = 8/14 patients, 57%); a net rotation showing polyphasic pattern and/or higher maximum net values during diastole (n = 8/14 patients, 57%). Conclusion Myocardial involvement due to SARS-CoV-2-infection was highly prevalent in the present cohort—even in patients with mild symptoms. It appears to be characterized by specific speckle tracking deformation abnormalities in the basal LV segments. These data set the stage to prospectively test whether these parameters are helpful for risk stratification and for the long-term follow-up of these patients.

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