The Relationship between Ethanol-Induced Locomotor Activation and Narcosis in Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep Mice

PurposeSleep duration is thought to play a key role in the development of metabolic syndrome. However, the results have been inconsistent.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and searched publications in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrials.gov. The summary relative risks (RRs) were estimated using a random model. The sensitivity analysis was performed by sequentially excluding each study to test the robustness of the pooled estimates.FindingWe included 13 studies involving 300,202 patients in which short sleep and long sleep significantly increased the risk of metabolic syndrome 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.09-1.22, p < 0.001) and 19% (RR = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.05-1.35, p < 0.001). Moreover, the relationship between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome risk presented a U-shaped curve. Short and long sleep increased the risk of obesity by 14% (RR = 1.14, 95%CI = 1.07-1.22, p<0.001) and 15% (RR = 1.15, 95%CI = 1.00-1.30, p = 0.04), and high blood pressure 16% (RR = 1.16, 95%CI = 1.02-1.31, p = 0.03) and 13% (RR = 1.13, 95%CI = 1.04-1.24, p = 0.01), respectively. Short sleep can potentially increase the risk of high blood sugar by 12% (RR = 1.12, 95%CI = 1.00-1.15, P = 0.05).ImplicationsBased on our findings, sleep is a behavior that can be changed and is economical. Clinically doctors and health professionals should be encouraged to increase their efforts to promote healthy sleep for all people.

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Abstract P072: Short Sleep Duration is Associated with Elevated Homocysteine Levels

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.131.suppl_1.p072 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Megan E Petrov ◽

Michael A Grandner ◽

Carol M Baldwin ◽

Matthew P Buman ◽

Shawn D Youngstedt

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽

Menopausal Status ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Dietary Folate ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep ◽

History Of ◽

The Relationship

Introduction: Short and long sleep durations are associated with heightened risk for cardiovascular disease and vascular risk factors. Elevated homocysteine is also associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease; however, studies have yet to investigate the relationship between sleep duration and homocysteine. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that short and long sleep duration would be associated with clinical levels of homocysteine. Methods: Adults (n=2,469; ≥20y) from the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were assessed for habitual sleep duration (coded as <5, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and ≥10hrs) and fasting plasma homocysteine levels (<10 [normative], 10 to <15 [pre-clinical] and ≥15 [clinical] μmol/L). Participants were excluded if pregnant, lactating, missing data on the primary variables, or if they had a history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, kidney disease, or diagnosed sleep disorder. Population weighted, multinomial logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between sleep duration and homocysteine after adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital and menopausal status, shift work, dietary folate, alcohol intake, cotinine levels, reported physical activity, hypertension, and reported frequency of cessation of breathing at night. Results: Pre-clinical and clinical levels of homocysteine were present in 13.7% and 2.5% of the sample, respectively. The mean sleep duration was 6.9 ± 1.4 hours. In adjusted analyses, sleep duration was significantly related to homocysteine ( p < 0.001). See Table. Very short sleepers (<5hrs) were more likely to have clinical levels of homocysteine (OR: 3.01, 95%CI: 1.38, 6.57) compared to 7-hr sleepers. Conclusions: In a U.S. representative sample of adults without cardiovascular disease or other major conditions, short sleepers were at greater odds for clinical levels of homocysteine Findings suggest that homocysteine may be one mechanism linking short sleep duration to cardiovascular disease.

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Causal associations of short and long sleep durations with 12 cardiovascular diseases: linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization analyses in UK Biobank

European Heart Journal ◽

10.1093/eurheartj/ehab170 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sizhi Ai ◽

Jihui Zhang ◽

Guoan Zhao ◽

Ningjian Wang ◽

Guohua Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Mendelian Randomization ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Causal Risk Factor ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Artery Disease

Abstract Aims Observational studies have suggested strong associations between sleep duration and many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), but causal inferences have not been confirmed. We aimed to determine the causal associations between genetically predicted sleep duration and 12 CVDs using both linear and nonlinear Mendelian randomization (MR) designs. Methods and results Genetic variants associated with continuous, short (≤6 h) and long (≥9 h) sleep durations were used to examine the causal associations with 12 CVDs among 404 044 UK Biobank participants of White British ancestry. Linear MR analyses showed that genetically predicted sleep duration was negatively associated with arterial hypertension, atrial fibrillation, pulmonary embolism, and chronic ischaemic heart disease after correcting for multiple tests (P < 0.001). Nonlinear MR analyses demonstrated nonlinearity (L-shaped associations) between genetically predicted sleep duration and four CVDs, including arterial hypertension, chronic ischaemic heart disease, coronary artery disease, and myocardial infarction. Complementary analyses provided confirmative evidence of the adverse effects of genetically predicted short sleep duration on the risks of 5 out of the 12 CVDs, including arterial hypertension, pulmonary embolism, coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, and chronic ischaemic heart disease (P < 0.001), and suggestive evidence for atrial fibrillation (P < 0.05). However, genetically predicted long sleep duration was not associated with any CVD. Conclusion This study suggests that genetically predicted short sleep duration is a potential causal risk factor of several CVDs, while genetically predicted long sleep duration is unlikely to be a causal risk factor for most CVDs.

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Sleep duration and napping in relation to colorectal and gastric cancer in the MCC-Spain study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-91275-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Kyriaki Papantoniou ◽

Gemma Castaño-Vinyals ◽

Ana Espinosa ◽

Michelle C. Turner ◽

Vicente Martín-Sánchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Night Shift ◽

Work History ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽

Population Controls ◽

Control Study

AbstractSleep duration is a novel and potentially modifiable risk factor for cancer. We evaluated the association of self-reported sleep duration and daytime napping with odds of colorectal and gastric cancer. We included 2008 incident colorectal cancer cases, 542 gastric cancer cases and 3622 frequency-matched population controls, recruited in the MCC-Spain case–control study (2008–2013). Sleep information, socio-demographic and lifestyle characteristics were obtained through personal interviews. Multivariable adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for cancer, across categories of sleep duration (≤ 5, 6, 7, 8, ≥ 9 hours/day), daytime napping frequency (naps/week) and duration (minutes/nap). Compared to 7 hours of sleep, long sleep was associated with increased odds of colorectal (OR≥9 hours: 1.59; 95%CI 1.30–1.94) and gastric cancer (OR≥9 hours: 1.95; 1.37–2.76); short sleep was associated with increased odds of gastric cancer (OR≤5 hours: 1.32; 0.93–1.88). Frequent and long daytime naps increased the odds of colorectal (OR6–7 naps/week, ≥30 min: 1.32; 1.14–1.54) and gastric cancer (OR6–7 naps/week, ≥30 min: 1.56; 1.21–2.02). Effects of short sleep and frequent long naps were stronger among participants with night shift-work history. Sleep and circadian disruption may jointly play a role in the etiology of colorectal and gastric cancer.

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Differences in the urocortin 1 system between long-sleep and short-sleep mice

Genes Brain & Behavior ◽

10.1111/j.1601-183x.2007.00336.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 070629195945001-???

Author(s):

Victoria F. Turek ◽

Beth Bennett ◽

Andrey E. Ryabinin

Keyword(s):

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Urocortin 1

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Synaptic Plasma Membrane Structure and Polarity of Long-Sleep and Short-Sleep Mice

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics ◽

10.1006/abbi.1994.1126 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 309 (2) ◽

pp. 369-376 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

F. Schroeder ◽

S.M. Colles ◽

G.P. Kreishman ◽

C.E. Heyliger ◽

W.G. Wood

Keyword(s):

Plasma Membrane ◽

Membrane Structure ◽

Synaptic Plasma Membrane ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep

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Sleep Duration and Sleep Quality Are Associated with Physical Activity in Elderly People Living in Nursing Homes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph15112512 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 15 (11) ◽

pp. 2512 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Lovro Štefan ◽

Goran Vrgoč ◽

Tomislav Rupčić ◽

Goran Sporiš ◽

Damir Sekulić

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Elderly Individuals ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Good Sleep

The main purpose of the study was to explore the associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with physical activity (PA). In this cross-sectional study, participants were 894 elderly individuals (mean age 80 ± 3 years; 56.0% women) living in nursing homes. PA, sleep duration, and sleep quality (based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)) were self-reported. The associations of sleep duration and sleep quality with PA at the nursing home level were analyzed using generalized estimating equations with clustering. Participants reporting short sleep duration (<6 h; OR = 0.45; 95% CI 0.25–0.80) were less likely to report sufficient PA, yet those reporting long sleep duration (>9 h; OR = 2.61; 95% CI 1.35–5.02) and good sleep quality (<5 points; OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.19–2.12) were more likely to report sufficient PA. When sleep duration and sleep quality were entered into the same model, the same associations remained. This study shows that elderly individuals who report short sleep duration are less likely to meet PA guidelines, while those who report long sleep duration and good sleep quality are more likely to meet PA guidelines. Strategies aiming to improve sleep duration and sleep quality are warranted.

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Abstract P108: Habitual Short Sleep Duration Associated with Self-Reported and Objectively-Determined Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Risk Factors: Data from NHANES

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.129.suppl_1.p108 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Michael A Grandner ◽

Subhajit Chakravorty ◽

Michael Perlis ◽

Linden Oliver ◽

Indira Gurubhagavatula

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Home Ownership ◽

Elevated Risk ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Race Ethnicity

Background: Self-reported short and long sleep duration have been associated with adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes in laboratory and epidemiologic studies, but interpretation of such data has been limited by methodological issues. Methods: We analyzed adult 2007-2008 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data (N=5,649). Average self-reported nightly sleep duration was reported and categorized as either very short (<5h), short (5-6h), normal (7-8h), or long (≥9h). Self-reported as well as objective evidence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia were recorded. Univariate comparisons were conducted across sleep duration categories for all variables. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed using cardiometabolic factor as the outcome variable, and sleep duration category as the predictor variable, before and after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, acculturation, education, access to insurance, food security, home ownership, smoking, and caffeine use. Results: See table. In adjusted analyses, very short sleep was associated with self-reported hypertension, self-reported hyperlipidemia, objective hyperlipidemia, self-reported diabetes, and objective obesity. Regarding short sleep (5-6hrs), in adjusted analyses, elevated risk was seen for self-reported hypertension self-reported obesity and objective obesity. Regarding long sleep (≥9hrs), no elevated risk was found for any outcomes. Conclusions: Very short and short sleep duration are associated with self-reported and objectively-determined adverse cardiometabolic outcomes, even after adjustment for covariates. Table 1. Unadjusted and Adjusted Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (95%CI) of Associations between Sleep Duration and Cardiometabolic Disease Outcomes *Adjusted analyses include age, sex, race/ethnicity, acculturation, education, insurance, home ownership, food security, smoking, and caffeine

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Factors associated with sleep duration across life stages: results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada ◽

10.24095/hpcdp.38.11.02 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 38 (11) ◽

pp. 404-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vicky C. Chang ◽

Jean-Philippe Chaput ◽

Karen C. Roberts ◽

Gayatri Jayaraman ◽

Minh T. Do

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Life Stages ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Health Measures ◽

Wide Range ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Canadian Health Measures Survey

Introduction Sleep is essential for both physical and mental well-being. This study investigated sociodemographic, lifestyle/behavioural, environmental, psychosocial and health factors associated with sleep duration among Canadians at different life stages. Methods We analyzed nationally representative data from 12 174 Canadians aged 3–79 years in the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2009–2013). Respondents were grouped into five life stages by age in years: preschoolers (3–4), children (5–13), youth (14–17), adults (18–64) and older adults (65–79). Sleep duration was classified into three categories (recommended, short and long) according to established guidelines. Logistic regression models were used to identify life stage–specific correlates of short and long sleep. Results The proportion of Canadians getting the recommended amount of sleep decreased with age, from 81% of preschoolers to 53% of older adults. Statistically significant factors associated with short sleep included being non-White and having low household income among preschoolers; being non-White and living in a lone-parent household among children; and second-hand smoke exposure among youth. Boys with a learning disability or an attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and sedentary male youth had significantly higher odds of short sleep. Among adults and older adults, both chronic stress and arthritis were associated with short sleep. Conversely, mood disorder and poor/fair self-perceived general health in adults and weak sense of community belonging in adults and older men were associated with long sleep. Conclusion Our population-based study identified a wide range of factors associated with short and long sleep at different life stages. This may have implications for interventions aimed at promoting healthy sleep duration.

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