Effects of Cricket Extract on Lipid Metabolism and Body Fat Content in High- Fat Diet Fed Rats

SCFA are produced in the gut by bacterial fermentation of undigested carbohydrates. Activation of the Gαi-protein-coupled receptor GPR41 by SCFA in β-cells and sympathetic ganglia inhibits insulin secretion and increases sympathetic outflow, respectively. A possible role in stimulating leptin secretion by adipocytes is disputed. In the present study, we investigated energy balance and glucose homoeostasis in GPR41 knockout mice fed on a standard low-fat or a high-fat diet. When fed on the low-fat diet, body fat mass was raised and glucose tolerance was impaired in male but not female knockout mice compared to wild-type mice. Soleus muscle and heart weights were reduced in the male mice, but total body lean mass was unchanged. When fed on the high-fat diet, body fat mass was raised in male but not female GPR41 knockout mice, but by no more in the males than when they were fed on the low-fat diet. Body lean mass and energy expenditure were reduced in male mice but not in female knockout mice. These results suggest that the absence of GPR41 increases body fat content in male mice. Gut-derived SCFA may raise energy expenditure and help to protect against obesity by activating GPR41.

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Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript in the arcuate nucleus stimulates lipid metabolism to control body fat accrual on a high-fat diet

Regulatory Peptides ◽

10.1016/j.regpep.2003.08.005 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 117 (2) ◽

pp. 89-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Katherine E Wortley ◽

Guo-Qing Chang ◽

Zoya Davydova ◽

Susan K Fried ◽

Sarah F Leibowitz

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Arcuate Nucleus ◽

High Fat ◽

Control Body

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Supplementation of Non-Dairy Creamer-Enriched High-Fat Diet with D-Allulose Ameliorated Blood Glucose and Body Fat Accumulation in C57BL/6J Mice

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9132750 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (13) ◽

pp. 2750 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ga Young Do ◽

Eun-Young Kwon ◽

Yun Jin Kim ◽

Youngji Han ◽

Seong-Bo Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Body Fat ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Control Group ◽

High Fat ◽

Food Component ◽

Fat Accumulation

D-allulose, which has 70% of the sweet taste of sucrose but nearly no calories, has been reported to inhibit the absorption of lipids and suppress body weight gain in obese mice. Fats in non-dairy creamer consist of highly saturated fatty acids, which can cause various lipid disorders when consumed over a long period. We investigated whether D-allulose supplementation alleviates the effects of a non-dairy creamer-enriched high-fat diet on lipid metabolism. High-fat diets enriched with non-dairy creamer were administered to C57BL/6J mice with or without D-allulose supplementation for eight weeks by the pair-feeding design. Lipid metabolic markers were compared between the non-dairy creamer control group (NDC) and non-dairy creamer allulose group (NDCA). Body, adipose tissue, and liver weights, and fasting blood glucose levels, were significantly lower in the NDCA group than in the NDC group. Fecal fatty acid and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in the NDCA group than in the NDC group. Supplementing a non-dairy creamer-enriched high-fat diet with D-allulose improved overall lipid metabolism, including the plasma and hepatic lipid profiles, hepatic and adipose tissue morphology, and plasma inflammatory adipokine levels in mice. These results suggest that D-allulose can be used as a functional food component for preventing body fat accumulation from a high-fat diet that includes hydrogenated plant fats.

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High-calcium diet with whey protein attenuates body-weight gain in high-fat-fed C57Bl/6J mice

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507764760 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 900-907 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Taru K. Pilvi ◽

Riitta Korpela ◽

Minna Huttunen ◽

Heikki Vapaatalo ◽

Eero M. Mervaala

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Whey Protein ◽

Body Fat ◽

Fat Content ◽

High Fat ◽

Final Body Weight ◽

High Calcium ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Body Fat Content ◽

Fat Excretion

An inverse relationship between Ca intake and BMI has been found in several studies. It has been suggested that Ca affects adipocyte metabolism via suppressing 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2-D3) and decreases fat absorption. We studied the effect of Ca and milk proteins (whey and casein) on body weight in C57Bl/6J mice. Male mice, age 9 weeks, were divided into three groups (ten mice per group) receiving modified high-fat (60 % of energy) diets. Two groups received a high-Ca diet (1·8 % calcium carbonate (CaCO3)), with casein or whey protein (18 % of energy), and one group received a low-Ca diet (0·4 % CaCO3) with casein for 21 weeks. Food intake was measured daily and body weight twice per week. Body fat content (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) of all mice and faecal Ca and fat excretion of seven mice/group were measured twice during the study. Final body weight (44·1 (sem 1·1) g) and body fat content (41·6 (sem 0·6) %) were significantly lower (P < 0·05) in the high-Ca whey group than in the low-Ca casein group (48·1 (sem 0·8) g and 44·9 (sem 0·8) %). Body weight and body fat content of the high-Ca casein group did not differ significantly from the low-Ca casein group even though serum 1,25(OH)2-D3 levels were significantly lower (P < 0·001) in both high-Ca groups than in the low-Ca casein group. Thus changes in serum 1,25(OH)2-D3 do not seem to affect body weight in this animal model. There was a significant difference in fat excretion between the high-Ca whey and low-Ca casein groups (3·9 (sem 0·9) % in the high-Ca whey v. 1·4 (sem 0·2) % in the low-Ca casein group; P < 0·05), which may partly explain the effect on body weight.

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Association of thyroid hormone with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study

BMC Endocrine Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12902-021-00903-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Xia Sun ◽

Liping Chen ◽

Rongzhen Wu ◽

Dan Zhang ◽

Yinhui He

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Body Fat ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Fat Content ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Body Fat Content ◽

Male Patients

Abstract Background This study aimed to explore the associations of thyroid hormones with body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods In January 2017, a cross sectional study, 66 male patients with T2DM who met the World Health Organization diagnostic criteria of 1999 who were ≥ 18.0 years and had normal thyroid function were recruited at a tertiary hospital. The categories of thyroid hormones (free triiodothyronine [FT3], free thyroxine [FT4], and thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) were divided into three groups according to tertiles of thyroid hormones. Results The mean FT3, FT4, and TSH of the patients were 2.56 pg/mL, 1.03 ng/dL, and 1.50 μIU/mL, respectively. Increased FT3 were associated with higher body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.001), body fat percentage (BFP) (P = 0.008), visceral fat content (VFC) (P = 0.019), adiponectin (P = 0.037), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (P < 0.001), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P = 0.015). There were significant differences among the different FT4 categories for BMI (P = 0.033), waist–hip ratio (WHR) (P = 0.030), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P = 0.014), and IL-6 (P = 0.009). Increased TSH could increase the total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.005) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (P = 0.010). FT3 was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.45; P < 0.001), WHR (r = 0.27; P = 0.028), BFP (r = 0.33; P = 0.007), VFC (r = 0.30; P = 0.014), adiponectin (r = 0.25; P = 0.045), TNF-α (r = 0.47; P < 0.001), and IL-6 (r = 0.32; P = 0.008). FT4 was positively correlated with HDL-C (r = 0.26; P = 0.038), LDL-C (r = 0.26; P = 0.036), and adiponectin (r = 0.28; P = 0.023). TSH was positively correlated with TC (r = 0.36; P = 0.003). Conclusion This study found that the changes in thyroid hormones are associated with various body fat content and lipid metabolism in euthyroid male patients with T2DM.

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