Living in Low-Latitude Regions in the United States Does Not Prevent Poor Vitamin D Status

ABSTRACT Background Vitamin D is important for bone health; in 2014 it was the fifth most commonly ordered laboratory test among Medicare Part B payments. Objectives The aim of this study was to describe vitamin D status in the US population in 2011–2014 and trends from 2003 to 2014. Methods We used serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D data from NHANES 2011–2014 (n = 16,180), and estimated the prevalence at risk of deficiency (<30 nmol/L) or prevalence at risk of inadequacy (30–49 nmol/L) by age, sex, race and Hispanic origin, and dietary intake of vitamin D. We also present trends between 2003 and 2014. Results In 2011–2014, the percentage aged ≥1 y at risk of vitamin D deficiency or inadequacy was 5.0% (95% CI: 4.1%, 6.2%) and 18.3% (95% CI: 16.2%, 20.6%). The prevalence of at risk of deficiency was lowest among children aged 1–5 y (0.5%; 95% CI: 0.3%, 1.1%), peaked among adults aged 20–39 y (7.6%; 95% CI: 6.0%, 9.6%), and fell to 2.9% (95% CI: 2.0%, 4.0%) among adults aged ≥60 y; the prevalence of at risk of inadequacy was similar. The prevalence of at risk of deficiency was higher among non-Hispanic black (17.5%; 95% CI: 15.2%, 20.0%) than among non-Hispanic Asian (7.6%; 95% CI: 5.9%, 9.9%), non-Hispanic white (2.1%; 95% CI: 1.5%, 2.7%), and Hispanic (5.9%; 95% CI: 4.4%, 7.8%) persons; the prevalence of at risk of inadequacy was similar. Persons with higher vitamin D dietary intake or who used supplements had lower prevalences of at risk of deficiency or inadequacy. From 2003 to 2014 there was no change in the risk of vitamin D deficiency; the risk of inadequacy declined from 21.0% (95% CI: 17.9%, 24.5%) to 17.7% (95% CI: 16.0%, 19.7%). Conclusion The prevalence of at risk of vitamin D deficiency in the United States remained stable from 2003 to 2014; at risk of inadequacy declined. Differences in vitamin D status by race and Hispanic origin warrant additional investigation.

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Temporal Relationship between Vitamin D Status and Parathyroid Hormone in the United States

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0118108 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. e0118108 ◽

Cited By ~ 74

Author(s):

Martin H. Kroll ◽

Caixia Bi ◽

Carl C. Garber ◽

Harvey W. Kaufman ◽

Dungang Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Parathyroid Hormone ◽

Temporal Relationship ◽

The United States ◽

Vitamin D Status

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Vitamin D Status and Demographic and Lifestyle Determinants among Adults in the United States (NHANES 2001-2006)

Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology ◽

10.19026/ajfst.6.104 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (6) ◽

pp. 743-750

Author(s):

Yan Cao ◽

Katie L. Callahan ◽

Sreenivas P. Veeranki ◽

Yang Chen ◽

Xuefeng Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Vitamin D ◽

The United States ◽

Vitamin D Status

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Association Between Ready-to-Eat Cereal Consumption and Serum Level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in US Children and Adults, NHANES 2013–2014

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1514-1514

Author(s):

Yong Zhu ◽

Neha Jain ◽

Vipra Vanage ◽

Norton Holschuh ◽

Jessica Smith

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Serum Level ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Family Income ◽

The United States ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Abstract Objectives Previous studies have shown that consumption of ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal is associated with higher dietary intake of vitamin D; however, little is known about the association between RTE cereal consumption and vitamin D status measured by the serum biomarker, 25-hydroxyvitamin D. The study was conducted to examine association between consumption of RTE cereal and serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, the clinical biomarker for vitamin D status in children and adults in the United States. Methods Children aged 1–18 years old (N = 2553) and adults aged 19 years or older (N = 4901) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013–2014 were included in the study. Day 1 dietary data were used to classify participants by RTE cereal consumption status. Vitamin D deficiency and inadequacy were assessed by serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitaminD using cut-off values recommended by the National Academy of Medicine. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using survey logistic regression for associations between RTEC consumption and vitamin D status in children and adults. Results Both children and adults who reported RTE cereal consumption had a significantly higher level of serum 25-hydroxyitamin D than children and adults who did not consume RTE cereal (P < 0.05). Adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, family income to poverty ratio, season of data collection, and use of vitamin D containing supplements, children who consumed RTE cereal were less likely to have vitamin D inadequacy than non-eaters (aOR = 0.48, 95% CI = [0.34, 0.68]). In adults, RTEC eaters were less likely to have vitamin D deficiency than non-eaters (aOR = 0.52, 95% CI = [0.28, 0.97]). Conclusions Consumption of RTE cereal is associated with better vitamin D status in both children and adults in the United States. Funding Sources The study was funded by the Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Inc.

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Prevalence of Vitamin D Deficiency in a Large Newborn Cohort from Northern United States and Effect of Intrauterine Drug Exposure

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12072085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2085

Author(s):

Neelakanta Kanike ◽

Krupa Gowri Hospattankar ◽

Amit Sharma ◽

Sarah Worley ◽

Sharon Groh-Wargo

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Drug Exposure ◽

Illicit Drug ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

The United States ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Term Neonates ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Vitamin D is not only a vital element in bone health but is also a prohormone. Data regarding distribution of vitamin D status among preterm and term neonates in the United States are limited. There are no data on the effect of intrauterine drug exposure on vitamin D status. Our objective was to determine the distribution of vitamin D levels among preterm and term neonates and the effect of intrauterine illicit drug exposure. We did a retrospective chart review of neonates admitted from 2009 to 2016 to our neonatal intensive care unit with serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25[OH]D) levels measured during the hospital stay. Of 1517 neonates, the median 25[OH]D level was 19 ng/mL with 31% deficient and 49% insufficient, even though 75% of mothers took prenatal vitamins. In pregnant women, 38% were vitamin-D-deficient and 44% were vitamin-D-insufficient. Four hundred seventy-one neonates had intrauterine drug exposure, with a median 25[OH]D level of 22.9 ng/mL versus 17.8 ng/mL in nonexposed neonates (p = 0.001). Despite maternal prenatal vitamin intake, neonates are at risk of vitamin D deficiency. Maternal illicit drug use was not related to lower 25[OH]D levels in neonates.

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Vitamin D Status and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in the United States Adolescent Population

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.2009-0213 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 124 (3) ◽

pp. e371-e379 ◽

Cited By ~ 208

Author(s):

J. P. Reis ◽

D. von Muhlen ◽

E. R. Miller ◽

E. D. Michos ◽

L. J. Appel

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

The United States ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Adolescent Population

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Sunlight and vitamin D in the prevention of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection and mortality in the United States

10.21203/rs.3.rs-32499/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yajia Li ◽

Qiangxiang Li ◽

Ning Zhang ◽

Zhenhua Liu

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

United States ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

The United States ◽

Low Latitude ◽

Chi Square ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

General Regression ◽

The Impact

Abstract The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the most recently discovered coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This study aims to investigate associations between sunlight and vitamin D, using latitude as an indicator, with COVID-19 cases and related deaths in the United States. General regression and Chi-square test were used to examine the associations between latitude and COVID-19 cases and deaths. The analyses indicated that latitudes were marginally associated with cases (p = 0.0792) and deaths (p = 0.0599), with an increase of 2491 cases and 189 deaths of the total numbers in the mainland of US for every unit of increase of the latitude. When the states were classified into high latitude (>N 370) and low latitude (<N 370) groups, both the cases (702 vs 255 cases/100k population) and deaths (43 vs 11 deaths/100k population) were significantly different (p < 0.001) between the two categories. The results suggested that sunlight and vitamin D, with latitude as an indicator, might be associated with decreased risks for both COVID-19 cases and deaths. These findings warranted urgent needs of large cohort, clinical and pre-clinical studies to assess the impact of VD on the prevention of COVID-19.

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